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Who's Sexier? Preminger or Benjamin Franklin
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Founding Father Benjamin Franklin
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Benjamin Franklin
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Ben Franklin, Medical man.
*The American Instructor: or, Young Man’s Best Companion* Originally written by a British author using the pseudonym *George Fisher*, Benjamin Franklin adapted, edited, and published the first American edition of this popular instructional manual in Philadelphia in 1748.
Because it was designed as an all-in-one manual for basic literacy, bookkeeping, and household management, Franklin heavily modified the text to be more relevant to colonial Americans. To do this, he scrubbed sections of the British text and substituted a medical self-help manual titled *Every Man His Own Doctor: or, The Poor Planter’s Physician* (originally authored by John Tennent).
In the 18th century, "recipes" to terminate a pregnancy were framed under the medical concept of treating a *suppression of the menses* (restoring a missed menstrual cycle). At common law during this period, abortion was generally legal and not considered a crime provided it occurred before "quickening" (the first perceived movement of the fetus).
The Recipe Text
The specific text included in Franklin’s instructional manual instructs the reader on how to brew an herbal abortifacient/emmenagogue using high doses of toxic or highly potent botanicals like pennyroyal and birthwort (*Aristolochia*):
*On Suppression of the Menses.*
"Take one Drachm of Roots of Birthwort, and as much of Pennyroyal dried; as much Featherfew, and Briony Root boil them in a Pint of Water to a Jill [alluding to a gill, or a quarter-pint], and inject it into the Womb...
Or, drink a Decoction of Pennyroyal, Tansy, and Featherfew, sweetened with Feverfew-water, or Syruph of Maiden-hair, twice a Day, fast two Hours after it."
A Note on Medical Safety
While historically significant to the study of early American printing and law, this recipe is extremely dangerous.
Pennyroyal contains pulegone, a potent toxin that causes severe, irreversible liver and kidney damage, seizures, and multi-organ failure.
Birthwort contains aristolochic acid, a known carcinogen that causes permanent kidney destruction.
Tansy contains thujone, which induces severe convulsions and brain damage.
In the 18th century, these formulations relied on inducing systemic, near-lethal toxicity in the patient's body to disrupt a pregnancy, often resulting in permanent injury or death to the woman.
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