Hi there! Not sure if you've been asked this before, but I'm confused about Dorne's princess/prince titles. Doran is a prince but his wife, Mellario, was never recognized as princess consort. Is because she's a foreign wife? So, what if Oberyn got married Cersei? She woulnd't be his princess consort? Idk, sometimes Dorne seems more like a patriarchal society.
@warsofasoiaf and @goodqueenaly have answered part of your question in this post :)
I’d add to their points that Nymeria named her husband Mors Prince of Dorne when they married.
The flames lit the coast for fifty leagues as hundreds of leaking, listing hulks were put to the torch and turned to ash; in the light of their burning, Princess Nymeria named Mors Martell the Prince of Dorne, in the Rhoynish style, asserting his dominion over [the region]. (The World of Ice and Fire - Ancient History: Ten Thousand Ships)
The role distribution between Nymeria and her husbands seems to be more clearly delimited. It is Nymeria first, her husbands second. Yet they are also said to be consorts.
However, we can assume that Mors played a bigger role than Lord Uller or Lord Davos Dayne (Nymeria’s other two husbands) given his active and leading part in Nymeria’s war. The two were probably on a equal footing, or so we’re led to think so.
Nymeria herself remained the unquestioned ruler of Dorne for almost twentyseven years, her husbands serving only as counselors and consorts. (The World of Ice and Fire - Ancient History: Ten Thousand Ships)
No fewer than six conquered kings were sent to the Wall in golden fetters by Nymeria and her prince, until only the greatest of their foes remained. (The World of Ice and Fire - Ancient History: Ten Thousand Ships)
The title of Prince/Princess Consort remained in use and did not disappear over time:
The wife of King Viserys II Targaryen [...] was the Lady Larra Rogare of Lys. [...] Her father, Lysandro Rogare, was the head of a wealthy banking family whose power waxed even greater following the alliance to the Targaryens. Lysandro assumed the style of First Magister for Life, and men spoke of him as Lysandro the Magnificent. But he and his brother Drazenko, the Prince Consort of Dorne, died within a day of one another, beginning the precipitous fall of the Rogares both in Lys and the Seven Kingdoms. (The World of Ice and Fire - The Free Cities: The Quarrelsome Daughters: Myr, Lys and Tyrosh)
It was when I visited Casterly Rock with my mother, her consort, and my sister Elia. (Oberyn Martell - A Storm of Swords, Tyrion V)
Arianne watched him warily. He is highborn enough to make a worthy consort, she thought. (A Feast For Crows, The Queenmaker)
Unless Prince Doran had attainted her, she remained the lawful heir to Sunspear; the man who married her would one day rule Dorne by her side. Arianne could only pray that her rescuer would prove younger than the greybeards her father had offered her over the years. "I want a consort with teeth," she had told him when she refused the last. (A Feast For Crows, The Princess in the Tower)
"Because I knew that you would spurn him. I had to be seen to try to find a consort for you once you'd reached a certain age, else it would have raised suspicions, but I dared not bring you any man you might accept.“ (Doran Martell - A Feast For Crows, The Princess in the Tower)
Elia was her cousin, but half a child, and Daemon Sand... things had never been the same between her and the Bastard of Godsgrace after her father refused his offer for her hand. He was a boy then, and bastard born, no fit consort for a princess of Dorne, he should have known better. (The Winds of Winter - Arianne I)
The question thus becomes whether or not there is a tradition of Dorne’s ruler naming his/her spouse Prince/Princess consort or if that title is automatically granted.
In the aforementioned post, @goodqueenaly points out that Aliandra Martell named her husband Drazenko Rogare Prince Consort. But at the same time, we’re told numerous times that Arianne’s husband will be her consort, no matter what. So what is it?
My guess is that there is indeed a tradition of naming the spouse Prince/Princess Consort, even though the title seems to be a given and is granted automatically. It also seems that that said tradition is important enough to be mentioned (in order to obtain and assert legitimacy?) when the consort is foreign: Mors was a foreigner to Nymeria, Drazenko was from Lys.
When it comes to Mellario, she is only referred as “Lady Mellario” or “Lady Mellario of Norvos” and not consort. My guess? Two points need to be put forward:
Although they are still married, Doran and Mellario are estranged and she’s back in Norvos. It’s no secret. I bet this has its importance. (think Princess Diana before/after her divorce: her title changed from “Her Royal Highness The Princess of Wales” to “Diana, Princess of Wales”) It would be a slap in the face of Dorne and the ruling of Dorne to have someone retaining the title of Princess Consort even though she’s not even there and hasn’t been for years. There is some responsibility that comes with being consort, after all.
Mellario is a noblewoman from Norvos. Norvoshi nobles seem to be extremely proud: the high city of Norvos where the ancient nobility lives is ringed by mighty stone walls. It is not impossible that Mellario did not want the consort title so as to retain her own Norvoshi noble title. It could also be that she did not keep the consort title when she left Dorne for Norvos.
However, given that Mellario is foreign, if there is a tradition of having to name the spouse consort, that tradition would be necessary in her case. Meaning that she ‘at best’ no longer uses/has the consort title and ‘at worst’ retained her Norvoshi title over the Dornish one. Both possibilities would explain why she’s not referred as Princess consort in the timeline of ASOIAF events.
Apart from Nymeria’s husbands being her consorts, all of the other consorts we know of (we critically lack info on the historical line of Martell rulers and GRRM is 100% to blame and even more his misogyny/racism which seeps through: think Unnamed Princess of Dorne, the unnamed daughter of Nymeria who succeeded her, what was the blood relation between Mara and Morion Martell, etc.) are men. But since we have Nymeria’s example, I'd say that the lack of knowledge on consorts and consort title in Dorne comes from the general lack of Martell historical info and GRRM’s male focus rather than Dorne being a patriarchal system in itself (GRRM’s intention is for Dorne not to be as patriarchal as other Westerosi regions, having in mind the subversion of traditional tropes of the medieval fantasy genre, although he can fall short of his own intention.)
So what if Oberyn had become ruling Prince and married Cersei? I think she would have gotten the consort title automatically. Why do I say that? When Arianne says she wants a consort with teeth, we have just learned about her proposed suitors over the years. None of them are Dornish but all come from the Westerosi continent and yet they are referred as becoming Arianne’s consort had she married any of them.
Therefore, Cersei would be in a similar situation than any of Arianne’s Westerosi suitors: as a Westerosi, she would hence gain the consort title automatically.
Thanks for the interesting question!