A curse tablet (Latin: tabella defixionis, defixio; Greek: κατάδεσμος, romanized: katadesmos)
Curse Tablet 2 (RIB 7): Tretia Maria
curse tablet
Lead curse tablet, early 1st century CE
This lead tablet, excavated in downtown London in 1934, was cut from a plate that originally protected part of a building structure; as lead was a favored material (probably for its ease of inscription, dark color, and durability), pieces of pipe and scrap metal were often the curse-maker's quarry. The author of the curse hammered the plate into a thin, roughly rectangular sheet (7" x 4 3/4") and scratched it with a sharp instrument (stylus) in cursive script . Then s/he (gender unknown) pierced the plate with seven nail holes (seven being a magic number), driven in from the blank side (magic nails).
The text, as a result of the minimal literacy of the inscriber and its treatment for magical potency, is defective but its intent is clear. The reason for the punishment invoked is often not stated, as here, the assumption being that the deity well knows the cause. The accursed, Tretia Maria, is threatened in detail with total inability to function, in particular her ability to reveal secrets. Damaged letters and careless script make the conclusion of the curse unintelligible. A larger tablet containing a powerful curse of this type was found in South Latium in a deposit together with items of black magic.
Tretia[m] Maria[m] defico et
illeus vita[m] et me[n]tem
et memoriam [e]t iocine|ra
pulmones interm<x>ix<i>|ta
sci [=sic] no[n] possit<t> loqui
[quae] sicreta si[n]t neque . . .
Inscription reads: "I curse Tretia Maria and her life and mind and memory and liver and lungs mixed up together, and her words, thoughts and memory; thus may she be unable to speak what things are concealed, nor be able." (translation: British Museum)