China's Ecology, Innovation and Future
“China has depleted its ecology, its labor surplus will soon begin to erode, and vast overspending has driven down the return on capital -- all discouraging trends from the standpoint of growth.”
So claims Derek Scissors, of the Heritage Foundation, in response to Arvind Subramanian in the January/February 2012 issue of Foreign Affairs. Scissors argues that China, for a wealth of reasons, is not ready to achieve global super power status and lacks the ability to innovate, the ecology and the culture to be a global superpower.
I disagree and will address his claims about China’s ecology and capacity for innovation.
There are severe environmental issues in China, but to suggest that there is not activity, occurring at a multi-generational level, working to innovate beyond non-sustainable and environmentally damaging behavior is false. Having traveled along the Yangtze River within the last three years and to her many Mega Cities from Chengdu to Shanghai, I have seen proof of conservationism with Chengdu’s Panda Reserve, shared meals with ecologically focused multigenerational non-profits ( Yang Xin's Green River and at Chongqing University), studied different sustainable waste water treatment systems in metropolitan and rural Chongqing, and rode emission free buses at the World Expo 2010 Shanghai.
Beijing’s considerable cache of resources to spur public-private innovation allows for green zones, as seen by Dezhou’s Solar Valley and the Middle Kingdom is home to a sizable growing Solar Industry.
The notion that China lacks the ability to innovate is myopic. Chinese innovation will not always occur in an easily identifiable context, mirroring Western developments. It will occur both in a familiar and unfamiliar fashion. With Chongqing’s Xiyong Industrial Park, we see an intersection of multinational (including Hewlett Packard) and domestic micro-electronic firms, a logistics park and Chongqing University that will continue to develop as a center for both green and innovative development. This type of planning facilitates innovation through interaction of domestic and international private-public partnerships that will continue to fuel growth. Chinese innovation is born of a long history (complex mathematics and gunpowder) and the planned exploration in the Arctic and Mars.
Furthermore, at Beijing’s Peking University, Professor Wei Kunlin is designing customized footwear that will prevent diabetics from forming ulcers on their feet that could lead to amputation. In Shenzhen, Beike Biotech ("a joint venture involving the Shenzhen government, Peking University, and the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology.") is experimenting with stem cell research. And as reported by KPMG, the 12th Five Year Plan has made innovation in new energy and biotechnology “priority industries.”
Does China face challenges in its rise? Yes. Are they formidable? Yes. Are they insurmountable? No. Will Chinese dominance pass a litmus test that strictly adheres to the last 60 years of American dominance? No. Understanding the interplay of culture, history and the nation’s continued potential allows us to understand that China will be a global leader, but one with “Chinese Characteristics.” Scholars of China should remember that throughout much of China’s 5,000 year history, the Middle Kingdom has many times been a global superpower. In closing, Mr. Scissors is correct when he asserts that China “will not attain the kind of dominance the United States has long held.”
Chinese dominance will be distinctly Chinese.