
seen from Russia
seen from China
seen from Malaysia
seen from Brazil
seen from United States
seen from Germany
seen from Germany
seen from United Kingdom
seen from United States

seen from United States
seen from Brazil
seen from Germany

seen from Germany

seen from United States
seen from China

seen from United States
seen from China
seen from Brazil
seen from China

seen from Australia
In dimensions ≥5, topology and algebra match up simply. In dimensions 3 and 4, manifolds are more interesting. We used to wonder if there was some key idea from high-dimensional manifolds that would extend at least down to dimension 4, making 4-manifolds easy to understand. There is such a principle: Imbedding 2-handles in smooth 4-dimensional manifolds-with-boundary subject to a homotopy criterion. This high-dimensional idea does work in 4 dimensions and give us insight into 4-manifolds.
the topology of 4-manifolds by michael hartley freedman
(heavily reworded by me)
Linear maps vs diffeomorphisms
diffeomorphic things
by Guillemin & Pollack, Differential Topology
diffeomorphisms said: So pretty!!! <3
Thankyou!! <3
Any smooth compact manifold is diffeomorphic to the configuration space of some planar linkage.
pictures by Robert Ghrist and Kevin Walker
By the way: this is how windscreen wipers work. (last picture)