Jul 9
Birth of Robert I, the Last Ruling Duke of Parma
On July 9, 1848, Robert I, Duke of Parma, was born in Florence, in the Grand Duchy of Tuscany. As the final reigning Duke of Parma, Robert inherited the throne in 1854 after the assassination of his father, Charles III, but his rule was brief as political upheaval and the unification of Italy led to the loss of the duchy in 1859.
Despite losing his throne at a young age, Robert remained a prominent figure among European royalty. He spent the rest of his life as a member of the Bourbon-Parma family, known for his large family, royal connections, and role in preserving the dynasty’s legacy until his death in 1907.