If you are learning a new language on your exchange:
1. Start studying as soon as you know what language is spoken in you host country and keep studying during your exchange, just keep studying. Seriously. If your agency doesn’t offer you a language course, look online and you will definitely find something. I would also recommend Duolingo and Quizlet. Study, study, study. (this is a helpful link if you are learning Norwegian, by the way).
2. Don’t expect to be perfect at it, at least in the beginning. You will probably start picking up better on the language around the 3rd month, so don’t worry if you’re just beginning and you have no idea what is going on 100% of the time. Even if you study hard, it is a slow process and you need to be patient with yourself.
3. Don’t be afraid or embarrassed of trying to speak the language. Most people are very scared of embarrassing themselves when trying to speak their new language, but there is no way out of it. You are going to say a lot of crap and make a fool of yourself many, many times. Accept it and let it happen, because if you don’t you’re gonna miss some good laughs. Absolutely do not let this stop you from trying, and honestly, the natives will probably think your mistake/accent/whatever is adorable, seriously.
4. Ask your friends/host family to talk to you in the new language. And yes, it will suck a lot in the beginning, but it’s the best way to get started on the language. They can translate things to you later, or maybe do some weird mimics, speak really slowly, etc, but you should be surrounded by your new language. It will make it a lot easier for you to develop your abilities later on, or not so later on. It can be especially hard around your friends, either because they are not too patient or because you feel isolated when the speak a language you don’t understand, but this is really for the best and you will really start feeling the results of this as time passes - and you probably won’t have to wait long.
5. But when you don’t understand, please speak up. Do not be embarrassed, it will be a lot worse if the situation evolves and you end up in a bad place, so speak up when you don’t understand. Ask them to repeat, to translate, to draw or to do whatever it takes for you to understand.
6. The key to successful learning is communication and…
7. Practice. Practice until your dreams have different accents and you can’t phisically stand to say that one hard word anymore. Practice. On the bus ride to school, while you wait for your next class, use all the spare time you have and make time for it toom, and speak. Your friends and host family probably won’t mind you asking questions and having to correct you, and will be willing to help you.
8. Listen to music in your new language, even if it sucks (if you’ve ever had to listen to Norwegian music you would know it takes a while to learn to enjoy it). Also, a good idea is trying to translate your new language songs into English or into your native language, or vice verse. But listening to music is a good way to immerse yourself in your new language in a way you can actually enjoy it.
9. Actually, any form of entertainment in your new language is valid and helpful, whether it’s music, films, books, games, TV shows, blogs or vlogs. Ask your friends if they have any suggestion of movie you guys could watch together for example.
10. Don't compare yourself to other exchange students or learners. Some people have it a lot easier with language, some people not so much, so if you know that you are trying hard and doing everything you can to learn the language, please don't stress yourself over other people's results. In time, you will get where you want to get, but this is your learning experience and you should focus only on yourself.