Python Module - itertools : Useful Iterators in Python
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Python Module - itertools : Useful Iterators in Python
Itertools Combinations - Python
Using Itertools, we go through the combinations() method. However, before digging more into the subject, it is critical to understand how it is used. Let’s have a look at it first. When conducting various computations, we constantly encounter combinations or permutations. Even though humans can calculate numbers, dealing with high quantities may be difficult at times. Consider what may happen if we had technologies that could make this decision for people.
itertools Package
The Itertools package perfectly meets our expectations. However, its scope goes beyond that. It provides extra methods that help with the other preset operations. However, this package is divided into three types: infinite iterators, combinatorial iterators, and terminating iterators.
We’d just talk about the combinations() method since this module is too vital to go through in detail right now. While we’re here, let’s take a look at how to install it, integrate it, and see what combinations are available.
https://www.markaicode.com/en/itertools-combinations-python/
Advanced python part 2
Advanced python part 2
In part 1, we introduced advanced string, bytes manipulation in Python. This article covers some advanced python knowledge with built-in functions and other useful tools for sequence iteration, data transformation.
Useful built-in functions
Use any() to return true if any of the sequence values are true
Use all() to return true only if all values are true
Quickly find the minimum/maximum…
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Python Tutorial: Itertools Module - Iterator Functions for Efficient Looping #python #itertools In this Python Programming Tutorial, we will be learning about the itertools module. The itertools module is a collection of functions that allows us to work with iterators in an efficient way.
I can understand things like the Python Docs and Itertools so much better than I could a year ago. Some of that’s thanks to Amy Hanlon
How to: All permutations of a Windows license key
How to: All permutations of a Windows license key
All permutations of a Windows license key
I need to apply for a Windows 8 upgrade for my laptop, for which I need the Windows 7 license key on the underside of the laptop.
Because Microsoft decided in their infinite wisdom to create license labels that wear off, and I cannot read my license key clearly, it means I can’t register my laptop for the windows upgrade offer using an automated process.
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Python で組み合わせや順列を得るときは itertools を使う
以前こんなエントリを書いたけど、こういったコードは自分で書かずに itertools を使うのが Python の定石っぽい。
1. 繰り返しを許さない組み合わせ
itertools.combinations() を使う。
#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import itertools if __name__ == '__main__': l = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] # 組み合わせ (1) # 繰り返しを許さない: 1,1 はない # 順序が違っても同じと見なす: 1,2 と 2,1 は同じ for element in itertools.combinations(l, 2): print(element) # 以下のコードと意味的に等価 ''' for i, iv in enumerate(l): for j, jv in enumerate(l[i + 1:], start=(i + 1)): print(iv, jv) '''
実行結果は以下の通り。
(1, 2) (1, 3) (1, 4) (1, 5) (2, 3) (2, 4) (2, 5) (3, 4) (3, 5) (4, 5)
2. 繰り返しを許す組み合わせ
itertools.combinations_with_replacement() を使う。
#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import itertools if __name__ == '__main__': l = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] # 組み合わせ (2) # 繰り返しを許す: 1,1 がある # 順序が違っても同じと見なす: 1,2 と 2,1 は同じ for element in itertools.combinations_with_replacement(l, 2): print(element) # 以下のコードと意味的に等価 ''' for i, iv in enumerate(l): for j, jv in enumerate(l[i:], start=(i + 1)): print(iv, jv) '''
実行結果は以下の通り。
(1, 1) (1, 2) (1, 3) (1, 4) (1, 5) (2, 2) (2, 3) (2, 4) (2, 5) (3, 3) (3, 4) (3, 5) (4, 4) (4, 5) (5, 5)
3. 順列
itertools.permutations() を使う。
#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import itertools if __name__ == '__main__': l = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] # 順列 # 繰り返しを許さない: 1,1 はない # 順序が違えば別と見なす: 1,2 と 2,1 は別 for element in itertools.permutations(l, 2): print(element) # 以下のコードと意味的に等価 ''' for i in l: for j in l: if i != j: print(i, j) '''
実行結果は以下の通り。
(1, 2) (1, 3) (1, 4) (1, 5) (2, 1) (2, 3) (2, 4) (2, 5) (3, 1) (3, 2) (3, 4) (3, 5) (4, 1) (4, 2) (4, 3) (4, 5) (5, 1) (5, 2) (5, 3) (5, 4)
4. デカルト積
単純にループをネストしてシーケンスを走査する場合にも itertools.product() を使った方が見通しが良くなる。
#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import itertools if __name__ == '__main__': l = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] # デカルト積 # 繰り返しを許す: 1,1 がある # 順序が違えば別と見なす: 1,2 と 2,1 は別 for element in itertools.product(l, repeat=2): print(element) # 以下のコードと意味的に等価 ''' for i in l: for j in l: print(i, j) '''
実行結果は以下の通り。
(1, 1) (1, 2) (1, 3) (1, 4) (1, 5) (2, 1) (2, 2) (2, 3) (2, 4) (2, 5) (3, 1) (3, 2) (3, 3) (3, 4) (3, 5) (4, 1) (4, 2) (4, 3) (4, 4) (4, 5) (5, 1) (5, 2) (5, 3) (5, 4) (5, 5)
ネストの深さは可読性の低下に直結するから、これは積極的に使っていきたい。
Grouping Consecutive Occurences of Tuples in a List
So I have a data set like this,
data = [('a',1),('a',2),('a',3),('b',1),('b',2),('a',4)]
Let's say I want to group them by consecutive occurences of the first element of each tuple. So the output I'm expecting is something like this,
a 1,2,3 b 1,2 a 4
Take a deep breath, and don't be surprised, I'm going to do this in just two lines.
>>> for k, v in itertools.groupby(data, key = lambda x : x[0]): >>> print k, [_[1] for _ in list(v)] a [1, 2, 3] b [1, 2] a [4]
Isn't python fun?