May 10, 2019
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애국가 (Korean National Anthem)
1 : 동해 물과 백두산이 마르고 닳도록 하느님이 보우하사 우리나라 만세 Until that day when the waters of the East Sea run dry and Mt. Baekdu is worn away, God protect and preserve our nation.
2 : 남산 위에 저 소나무 철갑을 두른 듯 바람서리 불변함은 우리 기상일세 As the pine atop namsan mountain stands firm, unchanged through wind and frost, as if wrapped in armour, so shall our resilient spirit.
3 : 가을 하늘 공활한데 높고 구름 없이 밝은 달은 우리 가슴 일편단심일세 The Autumn sky is void and vast, high and cloudless; the bright moon is whole-hearted devotion.
4 : 이 기상과 이 맘으로 충성을 다하여 괴로우나 즐거우나 나라 사랑하세 With this spirit and this mind, give all loyalty, in suffering or in joy, to the love of country.
Chorus : 무궁화 삼천리 화려 강산 대한 사람 대한으로 길이 보전하세 Three thousand Li of splendid rivers and mountains, filled with Roses of Sharon; Great Korean people, stay true to the Great Korean way!
travelguide-south-korea
Click for whole series of videos on Korean culture (in English), covers a lot of topics included in the KIIP Level 5 materials
역대 대통령 = Former (succession of) presidents.
이승만 (1948-1960) : First President of the Republic of Korea (1948-1960). Led through the Korean War, anti-communist, popular. Changed the consitution to extend his term. Fell out of favor and forced to resign in the April Revolution of 1960 and died in exile in Hawaii in 1965.
박정희 (1963-1979) : Took power in the May 16 military coup in 1961. Industrialized South Korea and improved the economy, contributed to constructing modern South Korea, aiming to beat the North through economic strength. On the other side, he was authoritarian and heavy-handed, with inhumane censorship and dictatorship. Survived two assassination attempts then assassinated by the director of Korean CIA.
전두환 (1980-1988) : Also a military general, seized power, focused on economic stability, technological R&D, held the first Olympics and infrastructure improvements. Responsible for the military’s brutal role in suppressing the Gwangju Democratization Movement and found guilty of embezzling hundreds of millions of dollars.
김영삼 (1993-1998) : 25 years old, young civilian president, fought for political reform, anti-corruption in government, etc. However, he was inexperience in economic matters, pursuing OECD membership instead. North/South relations at an all time low, on the brink of nuclear war. His presidency came to an apex with the 1997 IMF Crisis.
김대중 (1998-2003) : Referred to as the ‘Nelson Mandela of Asia’. Life-long freedom fighter, studied and lived in the US. Resolved the IMF Crisis. Brought back focus to the sunshine policy, made histroical progress in North/South relations, awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. However, his economic policies were short-term and short-sided, and his administration was believed to be the most corrupt in modern Korean history.
koreanclass101
대한민국 정부는 입법부(legislative, 국회, national assembly), 행정부(administrative, 정부), 사법부(judiciary, 법원)의 헌법기관으로 구성되어 있다.
행정부는 국가와 국민들에게 필요한 일을 직접 수행하다. 군대, 경찰, 경제, 문화, 환경. 5년마다 직접선거를 통해서 대통령을 선출한다.대통령의 아래에는 국무총리가 있다. 정책을 결정하여 집행하고 있다.
입법부는 법을 만들다. 4년마다 선거를 통해 국민들의 대표자인 국회의원을 선출한다. 국회의원들은 국회에 모여 나라에 관련된 일을 논의하고 국민들을 위한 여러 가지 법을 만들게 된다.
사법부는 사람들이 법을 잘 지켰는지 어겼는지를 판단하며 법을 해석하고 분쟁을 해결하는 곳이다. 법원의 종류에는 대법원, 고등법원, 지방법원 등이 있다.
국기를 다는 날:
3월 1일 삼일절 (Independence movement day) : 일제 강점기(Japanese colonial period) 중 1919년에 일으킨 독립만세 운동을 기념하는 날
6월 6일 현충일 (Memorial day) : 국가를 위해 자신의 목숨을 바친 순국선열(martyrs who gave their lives for their country)을 기념하는 날 (조기, half-mast)
7월 17일 제헌절 (Constitution day) : 1948년 최초의 헌법(constitution)이 제정된 날을 기념한 날
8월 15일 광복절 (Liberation day): 1945년 일본 식민지(colony)에서 벗어나 독립을 맞이한 것을 기념한 날
10월 3일 개천절 (National foundation day): 한반도 민족의 시조(founder)가 국가를 만든 것을 기념한 날
10월 9일 한글날 (Hangeul day) : 세종대왕이 한글을 만든 것을 기념한 날
무속신앙 = shamanism 삼신상 = table for “Samsin”, goddess of childbirth 장승 = totem pole placed at the village entrance 솟대 = a pole signifying a prayer for good harvest (4번은 성주신이다. 부엌에 조앙신, 화장실에 촉신, 집터를 지키는 터주신 등도 있다.)