#leonor rivera

[craniumflight]

Flirting among Senyoritos and Senyoritas in Churches, how true were they?

You may have seen this Rizal x Leonor Rivera romantic scene from Ilustrado 2014 while they're both in church

Even Maria Clara and Ibarra from MCAI 2022 also did something like this subtlely

There was also this cute scene between Fidel and Klay

And you may have thought... wait.. was this allowed? did people flirt like this in those times? but they're in church?!??

Well, there are many references about this happening!

In the 19th century, aside from tertulias (balls) or bailes (public dances). it was also in Church Mass and in afternoon promenades/strolls where young men and women can see glimpses of each other outside the closed confines of their house!

In an illustration that appeared in La Moda Filipina in 1894 (La Moda Filipina is like magazine/periodical that ran for one year), veiled young women were shown leaving the church well-dressed in trajes del pais (dress of the land/country- refers to the baro,panuelo,saya,tapis + mantilla ensemble), for which in the accompanying article it was explained that with hearts beating, infatuated youths went to church to catch glimpses of their love interests.

from Stéphanie Marie R. Coo. Clothing and the colonial culture of appearances in nineteenth century Spanish Philippines (1820-1896). History. Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2014.

Another reference is from Mrs. Concepcion G. Briones's 1983 Book "Life in Old Parian (Cebu)" in the section under "Pamalaye' (or Pamanhikan/Courtship.)

"A very devoted novio (betrothed, whether formally or informally) never failed to ascertain the hour on Sunday when his beloved heard Mass. He was at the church door, promptly, even before she and her family arrived for Mass. The smartest swains often went to the extent of always hearing Mass when she and her family did, and even took Communiion right after her and her parents!. This was to establish himself in the esteem of the novia's family and to prove that he, indeed was of good religious stock."

So Yeah! Uso nga ang Simbang Landi noong araw.

Period typical behavior. ayieeee.😘

[elfilipinismo]

JoLen: the mother of all Filipino breakups

Before Guy and Pip, Gabby and Sharon, AlDub, and quite recently KathNiel, there was José Rizal and Leonor Rivera or “JoLen”. Theirs can be considered as the “mother of all Filipino breakups”. Leonor and Rizal were distant cousins. Like Kathryn Bernardo, Leonor was quite young when she started a relationship with Rizal. The pretty lass from Camilíng was only 14 while the Calambeño poet was…

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[marahuyomae]

A/N's Note: I am sorry okay?!

Jose Rizal: You know, I really love Leonor.

Izana: *Looking at [Name] lovingly, trying to hint that he also has felt love with her even if she seems not to realize it *

[Name] to Rizal: I want to feel happy about it, if only I don't know the meaning behind it.

Leonor: *Jose Rizal's Greatest Love a.k.a. Lover*

*The woman he loves the most*

Also Leonor: *Rizal's Cousin*

[ment4lly-obs3ssed-gal]

Made this and I'm v proud of it. Special thanks to Canva hehe

PS: I may or may not have an unhealthy obsession w the first collage

[historicwomendaily]

“A mi inolvidable y amadísimo amante, le dedica este retrato su apasionada. Taimis”

(To my unforgettable and dearest lover, I dedicate this picture. Your devoted Taimis)

— Leonor’s letter to Rizal in 1880

Leonor Rivera y Bauzon (April 11, 1867 – August 28, 1893) was the childhood sweetheart and muse of Philippine national hero José Rizal. She is said to have been the basis for the character of María Clara in Rizal’s novel Noli me Tangere.

Leonor was born in Camiling, Tarlac to Antonio Rivera and Silvestre Bauzon. Rivera and Francisco Mercado, Rizal’s father, were cousins, making her a second cousin to Rizal. She was described to be a pretty woman, with a high forehead, soft and wavy hair, almond eyes, a small and pensive mouth, and engaging dimples.

Leonor studied at the Colegio de la Inmaculada Concepción de la Concordia, the same institute attended by Rizal’s sisters. She was gifted with a charming singing voice and knew how to play the piano, which she was said to have often played whenever she visited her classmates in Dagupan.

Leonor and Rizal met in 1880 while he was studying Medicine at the University of Santo Tomas, where he became a boarder at the Riveras’ Manila residence. She and Rizal became engaged later that same year. Rizal left for Europe two years later in 1882, and a correspondence between him and Leonor began. The couple employed codes, with Leonor signing them as Taimis, in their letters as Leonor’s mother did not approve of Leonor’s relationship with a filibustero.

Eventually, Leonor’s mother began intercepting the couple’s letters to each other, which she kept in a locked box. Pressured by her mother and believing that Rizal no longer thought of her, Leonor agreed to marry Henry Charles Kipping, an English railway engineer, in 1890, under the conditions that she would never again be asked to sing or play the piano and that her mother would stay with her throughout her marriage.

On the eve of her marriage, a postman who was supposed to hand all letters to her mother accidentally delivered one to Leonor herself, after which she confronted her mother who gave her back the box of letters from Rizal. Frustrated and hurt by her mother’s betrayal, Leonor tore up the letters and burned them, sewing the ashes into the hems of her wedding dress, described as “a lovely Filipina dress, with a white embroidered camisa of jusi, a pretty panuelo, a long skirt in light ash blue, with scalloped embroidery in front and a long ornate train of the same hue in the back.”

Leonor died on August 23, 1893 birthing her second child with Kipping. The child, a daughter named Caroline, also died soon after. She and her daughter were interred at the Paco Cemetery in Manila. When Rizal was told of her death by his mother and sisters, he was said to have locked himself inside his room for an entire day, holding close a lock of Leonor’s soft, wavy hair.

[umpisa]

To commemorate the death anniversary of Philippine National Hero, here is a poem he wrote for his lover, Leonor Rivera.

Rivera is said to be Rizal's inspiration for one of the most iconic characters in Noli Me Tangere, Maria Clara.

Although Rizal is known to have had multiple alleged partners in his lifetime (approximately 9), Leonor has remained to be one of his most important lovers, their relationship lasting 11 years.

Rivera would later be married to Englishman Henry Kipping, to her mother's choice.

Goodbye to Leonor

Paalam kay Leonor was written just before Rizal would leave for Europe in 1882.

Translation:

And so it has arrived -- the fatal instant, the dismal injunction of my cruel fate; so it has come at last -- the moment, the date, when I must separate myself from you.

Goodbye, Leonor, goodbye! I take my leave, leaving behind with you my lover's heart! Goodbye, Leonor: from here I now depart. O Melancholy absence! Ah, what pain!

photo credits

translation

[craniumflight]

maria clara real life inspo

imagine you're the mom of a well accomplished and talented 15 year old who has become depressive, lethargic, unable to eat or drink or have fun anymore because her college graduate cousin/boyfriend/suitor (older than her by 6 years) promised her he would marry her but still left her and barely contacts her.

not to mention the family of that boyfriend was known to be suspected by the friars and the government of treason.

nababaliw na unica hija mo sa isang lalakeng medyo maraming nakipaglalandiang babae.

kaya anong gagawin mo?

[hibiscusbabyboy]

"José Rizal" (1998, Marilou Diaz-Abaya)