#lepto

[finsand-fangs]

Me when there's nectar, cactus fruit, and insects at the function.

[justmccallie]

Princess Lepto [oc]

[galtx]

GALTx eNews: Watch Where Those Snooters Go!

Over the last year, we have heard of several serious cases of Leptospirosis in vaccinated dogs across the nation, so we wanted to take a moment to tell you more about the disease and steps you can take to protect your dogs.  Leptospirosis is a bacterial disease that can affect most mammals, including dogs and humans. One of the most common mechanisms for transmissions is through contact with trash contaminated by infected rodent urine. Dogs can also contract leptospirosis through the skin by swimming in contaminated water or drinking from contaminated pools. While cases are more common in rural, wooded areas with stagnant water sources or heavily irrigated pastures, Leptospirosis lurks everywhere, including urban dog parks where an infected dog might have urinated.

A Leptospirosis vaccine is available for dogs from your veterinarian. It requires an initial vaccination followed by a booster about 3 weeks later and then annual updates. The vaccine only protects against Leptospirosis caused by the four most prevalent strains of lepto bacteria though. Even if your dog is fully vaccinated for Leptospirosis, you will still need to take care to keep your dog away from unsanitary water sources and areas that rodents might visit.

Leptospirosis can require intensive veterinary care and can be fatal to dogs. If you suspect your dog has it, see your veterinarian immediately for treatment with antibiotics. Typically, veterinarians diagnose Leptospirosis with a blood test as the symptoms vary and overlap with other diseases. Generally, watch for sudden fever, sore muscles, reluctance to move, weakness, lack of appetite, shivering and depression. If your dog is diagnosed with Leptospirosis, take precautions to ensure that the disease isn’t transmitted to other dogs or humans in the family by using rubber gloves and household disinfectants to clean up after your pet. Be sure to carefully follow your veterinarian’s recommendations related to antibiotics to clear the infection so that your dog doesn’t become a long term carrier of the disease.

We know dog parents have a lot to worry about. Be sure to talk with your veterinarian about the Leptospirosis vaccination so that your dog has as much protection as possible and be careful about your adventures. Read more about Leptospirosis here.

9/10/21

[nopizzaaftermidnight]

[missnoodliness]

Stories of Summer

My first case this summer.

A new client to the clinic. 6yr FS German Shepherd who has recently had several urine accidents in the house. Vaccine records currently unavailable.

History: owner suggested incontinence, but has not seen dribbling or unconscious loss of urine. Reported to have multiple urine accidents in the house a day for several days. Owner had seen no blood and states that urine seems more darker than usual. Reduced appetite, reduced activity were noted. Owner reports slight increase in water intake. No vomiting or diarrhea. Patient receives monthly heartworm preventative, flea/tick preventative. Not on any other medications. Vaccine records unavailable, clinic where services were done was forcibly closed and has not been distributing records yet. Midwest USA, end of May at presentation.

PE: mucous membranes slightly pale, tacky. Pyrexia. Rest of PE WNL.

Diagnostics:

Radiographs: renalmegaly present bilaterally.

Significantly elevated BUN and creatinine, and phosphorus.

CBC: elevated WBC's

Urinalysis: concentrated urine, WBCs high

Serological titers rushed to lab

Treatment:

IV fluid therapy, crystalloid

Hand feeding

Injectable antibiotic

Phosphate binder with meals

Patient was taken to restricted area to urinate

Day 2:

Patient progresses toward anuria despite fluid therapy, so furosemide is administered IV. Patient begins producing more urine, but is not matching expected output.

Continued hand feeding with phosphate binder, antibiotic and furosemide treatment.

Day 3:

Titer results strongly indicate recent exposure to Leptospirosis. Antibiotic therapy changed to doxycycline. Owners were recommended to contact their GP for a check-up and to monitor for flu-like symptoms.

Later:

Patient remained hospitalized for 6 days with frequent owner visits until her chemistry values began to stabilize. Subcutaneous fluid therapy was administered at home 4 times weekly. Patient came in weekly for one month to monitor weight, BUN/CRE/IP.

1 month out:

Owners receive vaccination history. Owners were never offered leptospirosis vaccination by previous DVM.

Leptospirosis vaccination does not cover all serovars, but it is targeted to those that are most common. In endemic areas, vaccination should always be recommended to help prevent infection where possible.

2 months out:

Patient is urinating appropriately, maintained body weight, and kidney values have fallen into normal limits. Owners and staff experienced no symptoms of infection.

[iheartvmt]

Leptospirosis Other names: Weill’s disease (severe form in humans) Cause: Leptospira spp (multiple serovars exist) Species: Swine, dogs, horses, cattle, humans. Many other species are also affected and/or asymptomatic carriers. Signs: Swine – abortion (usually in last 3 weeks of pregnancy), stillbirths, weak piglets that die soon after birth or grow slowly. Other than reproductive losses affected swine often appear healthy; anorexia, lethargy, and mild scours of a few day duration is sometimes seen. Dogs – Acute kidney injury that, if survived, may progress to chronic kidney disease.  Acute liver disease.  Icteris, increased bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase, lethargy, anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, polyuria/oliguria/anuria, cylindruria, proteinuria, or glycosuria; azotemia, hyperphosphatemia, acidosis, hyperkalemia, neutrophilia, lymphopenia, monocytosis, and mild anemia, muscle pain, stiffness, weakness, trembling, reluctance to move, weight loss, fever or  hypothermia, oculonasal discharge lymphadenopathy, effusions, and edema. Rarely bleeding disorders, uveitis, cough, dyspnea. Commonly fatal. Horses – recurrent uveitis, abortion (usually after 9 months gestation); occasionally, fever and acute renal failure Cattle – Most commonly abortion,  stillbirth, increased services per conception, prolonged calving intervals, agalactia/blood-tinged milk. Often a large portion of the herd is affected. Less commonly, high fever, hemolytic anemia, hemoglobinuria, jaundice, pulmonary congestion, meningitis, death. Humans – high fever, headache, chills, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, myalgia, uveitis, jaundice, rash; may resolve and then relapse with greater severity; kidney failure (nonoliguric, hyponatremia, hypokalemia), liver failure, pulmonary hemorrhages, meningitis, death Transmission: Bacteria is shed in  infected animal’s urine and enters an uninfected animal through the the mucous membranes or skin wounds, often via contaminated water. Venereal transmission can occur in swine and cattle. Among dogs, hunting dogs, farm/herding dogs, and pet dogs that explore the outdoors are at greatest risk. Diagnosis: PCR or antibody level testing required for definitive diagnosis Treatment: Swine – Streptomycin injections, tetracycline feed additives Cattle – tetracycline, oxytetracycline, penicillin, ceftiofur, tilmicosin, tulathromycin Dogs – Doxycycline, supportive care  (fluid therapy, antiemetics, GI protectants, phosphate binders, hepatic support diets and medications) Humans – Penicillin, doxycycline, supportive care Prevention: Vaccination is the best method of control in animals! Additional management practices help reduce risk – good facility sanitation and rodent control. Maintenance of pens to prevent injuries. Do not allow pigs contact with cattle, horses, dogs, or cats. Do not graze cattle with sheep. Do not allow pigs into the areas used to house other susceptible species. Avoid open drains and communal drinking troughs to limit spread between pens; limit mixing of pigs from different herds or pens as much as possible. Maintain closed herds, and do not share bulls or boars. Humans – No vaccine available. Use PPE whenever working around pigs (especially when handling urine, afterbirth, aborted fetuses, performing artificial insemination, or assisting with dystocias) or any individuals of other species suspected to have leptospirosis. Avoid drinking or wading/swimming in contaminated water. Sources: State of Queensland Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Merck Veterinary Manual, MSD Animal Health (image of dog), horsesidevetguide.com (horse image), NADIS (cattle images), leptospirosis.org (human image), CDC

[debashreeduttadd]

Leptoconnect Perfect Review | Does it Really Work? #debashreedutta #shorts

Leptoconnect is a new weight loss formula needed for natural and safe weight loss. The action of this formula revolves around the body’s leptin receptors, which, according to research, are associated with excessive fat accumulation.

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#leptoconnection

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#debashreedutta

@debashreedutta

#shorts

[mumbailivenews]

Stagnant water during monsoons poses high-risk of contracting Leptospirosis

During the monsoon season in Mumbai, in the low lying areas, waterlogging is often witnessed which poses a risk with regards to several contagious diseases. In particular, amidst emergencies, people who walk in stagnant water due to the rains are at risk of leptospirosis.