#metabolise

[lofihipbot]

lofi hip hop beats to metabolise to

[mosesnyagota]

Go get it 🏋🏽💯💯💪🏽. #021 💪😎✌ #fit #workout #t4fit #metabolise #dietaetreino #instalove #boywholif #musculação #workhard #gymrat #fitnesslife #fitnesslifestyle #healthylife #healthylifestyle #health #fikagrandeporra #atthegym #gymaddicted #musculacao #dedicacao #disciplina #objetivo #bodybuilder #gym #cariocando #instalove #instaboy #instago #maromba https://www.instagram.com/p/Bsg4_2UFvFK/?utm_source=ig_tumblr_share&igshid=1tuh87oj8p0j0

[mosesnyagota]

Go get it 🏋🏽💯💯💪🏽. #021 💪😎✌ #fit #workout #t4fit #metabolise #dietaetreino #instalove #boywholif #musculação #workhard #gymrat #fitnesslife #fitnesslifestyle #healthylife #healthylifestyle #health #fikagrandeporra #atthegym #gymaddicted #musculacao #dedicacao #disciplina #objetivo #bodybuilder #gym #cariocando #instalove #instaboy #instago #maromba https://www.instagram.com/p/BsgTFMQltVG/?utm_source=ig_tumblr_share&igshid=12ebzx06nrq68

[marcioreis81]

Boa noite, Colossus em construção 💪🏻💪🏻💥💥 #protein #fit #workout #t4fit #metabolise #dietaetreino #atividadefísica #boywholif #musculação #workhard #gymrat #fitnesslife #fitnesslifestyle #healthylife #healthylifestyle #health #fikagrandeporra #esmagaquecrece #escolhisergrande #vemmonstro #atthegym #gymaddicted #musculacao #dedicacao #disciplina #objetivo #sosucesso #bodybuilder #gym (em Infinity Health Club)

[biomedicool]

Electron Transport Chain

Situated in the inner mitochondrial matrix

produces most eukaryotic ATP

a chain of proteins that move electrons from higher to lower energy levels

electrons are provided by FADH2 or NADH

terminal electron acceptor is oxygen

as electrons move to from high to lower energy levels, the energy is used to pump H+ against its concentration gradient out into the intermembrane space

this established concentration gradient drives the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP

oxidative phosphorylation

electrons flow from protein to protein spontaneously 

due to the relative electron affinities of the proteins

this tendency is known as redox potential

Click read more for detailed step by step

ETC consists of 3 major complexes and 2 mobile carriers

NADH donates electrons to the NADH dehydrogenase complex (4H+ (per pair of electrons) pumped out)

electrons move onto mobile carrier ubiquinone (Co enzyme Q)

which carries them to to cytochrome b-c1 complex, 2H+ pumped

move to cytochrome c (mobile carrier) which carries electrons one at a time

to the cytochrome oxidase complex. this needs to collect 4 electrons before it can catalyse the reduction of O2 (2H+)

(each protein has a higher affinity for the electrons than the last)

FADH2 also donates electrons to the ETC, however it is oxidised by the ubiquinone - bypassing the first protein - and so contributes less to the building of the protein gradient and subsequent production of ATP

NADH Dehydrogenase complex

Contains both types of Fe prosthetic groups and a flavin mononucleotide (FMN)

FMN accepts electrons from the NADH

They’re passed on by 2 types of Fe-S cluster

To ubiquinone

Ubiquinone

Is not a protein!!

binds a protein for each electron it accepts

Cytochrome b-c1 complex

Contains a 2Fe-S cluster and 2 types of haem prosthetic group (B and C1)

Haem groups have a higher affinity for electrons than the Fe-S clusters

Cytochrome C

Single polypeptide chain with a haem group bound covalently. Haem group can accept electron to form Fe2+ (from Fe3+)

Cytochrome oxidase complex

contains 2 A haem prosthetic groups and 2 copper ions. Haem A differs as it has a formyl group (red) and a hydrophobic side chain

ATP Synthase

As protons move through, they cause the stalk to rotate

inducing the head to phosphorylate ADP

3H+ = 1 ATP

Can produce 100ATP per second