Open Source, Free, Proprietary, 2/22/17
The emergence of new technology, and hobbyists and professionals’ desires to interact with and improve it, has sparked a wave of philosophical debate. In the realm of software it’s creators and users have and continue to debate the positives and negatives of open-source (free) software versus proprietary (sold) software. Before software was readily available in electronic stores it was freely passed around amongst those with an interest in computers. Because hardware was so expensive it was typically college students and professors doing this.
Some of the main designers of major operating systems with conflicting views about software propriety are Richard Stallman and Bill Gates. Bill Gates believed that his time spent developing software should be compensated properly, and Microsoft should have control of who has access to the software. At the same time Richard Stallman believed that software should be freely available to all to modify and do with what they wish. In his book “The GNU Manifesto” he notes the specific philosophies behind his project and ways developers can still earn a living using the software. During this foundation laying of software and the build-up of a software community Eric Raymond wrote an article called “The Cathedral and The Bazaar” where in he further explores the philosophy of open source vs propriety software and provides simplified metaphors for how these models contribute and take away from the software community and the emerging industry. The big take away from his experiences and Linus Torvalds’ creation and distribution of Linux was that each had their pros and cons. Open source software is freely available and highly modifiable, but more complex, and technical support requires payment. With proprietary software the consumer is limited to the functions of the software and can only modify it by proprietor approved upgrades and modifications, but technical support is included.
While Linux has grown a huge following with somewhere around 90 million users reported, the majority of consumers passively accept the software that comes preinstalled with their purchased hardware.