How long between drinks for arid-zone-dwelling night parrot?
To further their understanding the Recovery Team have turned to researchers from the Threatened Species Recovery Hub of the Australian Government's National Environmental Science Programme, who tackled the question with an innovative method.
"We developed a computer based model that looked at the heat flow between the birds and their habitat, and how much water they would need to evaporate to keep cool", explains Dr Michael Kearney from the University of Melbourne. "Because little is known about their physical characteristics and we did not want to stress the birds by catching them for measurement, we instead used information about another, very well known, Australian desert parrot, the Budgerigar. In essence, we modelled it as a fat budgie."
"We also used measurements of precious museum specimens of the Night Parrot, thermal photographs of an actual bird, and measurements of habitat temperatures and possible food plants at the site."
"We found that, if the night parrots only eat dry seeds, then they would certainly need go to water on most nights in summer".
If they supplement their diet with succulent vegetation that grows at the site, they could really cut down their need for standing water, but during really hot periods over summer they would still need access to standing water to avoid dangerous levels of dehydration."
"Our findings show that water resources such as farm dams and natural soaks in night parrot habitat must be carefully managed. During hot weather, and especially when food is scarce, night parrots will rely heavily on these sites and could be very vulnerable to predation at these times."
"This research also helps us pinpoint future research areas to improve the management of night parrots – in particular, do they actually feed on succulent plants and do they change their roost sites in summer to places that are more sheltered from the midday heat such as burrows or caves."
"Managing the impacts of feral cats on Night Parrots and other wildlife is very challenging. Land managers need all the help they can get to increase the effectiveness of techniques", says Dr Stephen Murphy, an ecologist who is receiving funding from Fortescue Metals for research on the Night Parrot and who is advising Bush Heritage on the management of the bird.
"In this case, this research shows that the impacts of feral cats might be reduced by targeted management actions at particular times and places. Ultimately, it's insights like these that will give us the edge in the fight to save Night Parrots from extinction."