Galls are amazing! These odd phenomena are "an abnormal localized swelling or outgrowth produced by a plant as a result of attack by a parasite. Galls are caused by bacteria, fungi, nematodes, insects, or mites or by a combination of these agents" (botanydictionary.org). Usually, I leave galls alone, but this is the first time I've actually found a buggy within- the few others I've opened up had nothing I could identify inside. These growths are aptly named: in English, gall means "bold, impudent behavior.” I'd say forcing another being to create a comfy home for one definitely counts as gall! Ribes cereum (and other Ribes spp.) are good "habitat" for insects- here in northern AZ, Ribes are early spring blooming shrubs who leaf out before many other species wake for spring. They’re prolific, nutritious options for many insects. I wonder what these buggies do after leaving the gall- do they pollinate the Ribes who "birthed" them?! #Grossulariaceae #ribes #currant #gall #science #ecology #insect #parasite #arizona #ponderosapineforest #nativeplants #botanize #botany #plants #nature #naturephotography #plantstagram (at Scholtz Lake)