#rhizophora

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amphibious

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Mangrove Diversity: Brgy. Julita, Biliran, Philippines

Abstract

Mangrove forest plays a vital role not only in life beings but as well as other lives living on it. It serves as the habitat of thousands of marine and terrestrial life and consider as one of the most productive ecosystems in the world, contributing significantly to global carbon sequestration. Unfortunately, mangrove forests are under threat from human activities such as logging, aquaculture and coastal development and as a result, many have been degrades in recent decades. The main purpose of this study is to assess mangroves’ diversity, species composition, and ecological status in Brgy. Julita, Biliran, Biliran. Specifically, it aims to determine the species composition and ecological status; calculate diversity indices and mangroves species; and calculate vegetation analysis of mangrove species. Six permanent sampling stations were established within the mangrove area which further divided into transect line (3) three 10 x 10 plots were established randomly with a distance ranges 15-30 meters. Results showed a total of six (6) species belonging to four (4) families which was dominated with Rhizophoraceae family. Five species were recorded to be Least Concern and one species was considered Near Threatened (Ceriops decandra). Among the species, four showed decreasing population trend. Based on the results, mangrove areas of Brgy. Julita, Biliran, Biliran experienced moderate and noticeable cuttings.

Introduction

A mangrove is a woody tree or shrub that lives along shores, rivers, and estuaries in the tropics and subtropics (Feller, 2018). Mangroves are remarkably tough. Most live on muddy soil, but some also grow on sand, peat, and coral rock. They live in water up to 100 times saltier than most other plants can tolerate. They thrive despite twice-daily flooding by ocean tides; even if this water were fresh, the flooding alone would drown most trees. Growing where land and water meet, mangroves bear the brunt of ocean-borne storms and hurricanes. Mangrove forests provide ecosystem services, such as support for local livelihoods through the provision of fuel, food, and construction materials (Thomas, et al., 2017), ethnomedicinal, clean air, and typhoon/flood protection (Goloran, Demetillo, & Betco, 2020).

Furthermore, these forests provide vital ecological services such as bioprotection from coastal erosion, nursery and feeding sites for marine species, and the possible reduction of the devastating impacts of tropical storms and tsunamis (Long & Giri, 2011). The Philippines, regarded as one of the 17 megabiodiversity countries, holds 50% of the world’s mangrove species from 65 known species of mangroves in the world 2 (Goloran, Demetillo, & Betco, 2020). The country has about 18,000 km of shorelines and vast areas of mangroves totaling to 500,000 hectares (Goloran, Demetillo, & Betco, 2020). Despite of this, mangrove forests are greatly threatened across their range. Mangrove losses over the period 1980-2005 were estimated to be greater than 3 million ha with the rate of degradation over the period 1990-2000 estimated at 1% per year, a rate twice that of terrestrial rainforests (Mayaux, et al., 2005). The development in the coastal areas in the Philippines which includes mangrove areas still continues today (Goloran, Demetillo, & Betco, 2020).

To address some issues on mangrove degradation and habitat loss in Brgy. Julita, Biliran, Biliran, this study purposely conducted to identify mangrove diversity, species composition, and ecological status as basis for proper and systematic approach of mangroves protection and rehabilitation. This will also serve as the basis for the creation of ordinance and other related policies to promote mangrove protection.

Generally, this study aims to assess mangroves’ diversity, species composition, and ecological status in Brgy. Julita, Biliran, Biliran. Specifically, it aims to: 1. Determine the species composition and ecological status; 2. Calculate diversity indices and mangroves species; and 3. Calculate vegetation analysis of mangrove species.

Source : Mangrove assessment and diversity in Coastal area of Brgy. Julita, Biliran, Biliran, Philippines

[oaresearchpaper]

Mangrove forest plays a vital role not only in life beings but as well as other lives living on it. It serves as the habitat of thousands of marine and terrestrial life and consider as one of the most productive ecosystems in the world, contributing significantly to global carbon sequestration. Unfortunately, mangrove forests are under threat from human activities such as logging, aquaculture and coastal development and as a result, many have been degrades in recent decades. The main purpose of this study is to assess mangroves' diversity, species composition, and ecological status in Brgy. Julita, Biliran, Biliran. Specifically, it aims to determine the species composition and ecological status; calculate diversity indices and mangroves species; and calculate vegetation analysis of mangrove species. Six permanent sampling stations were established within the mangrove area which further divided into transect line (3) three 10 x 10 plots were established randomly with a distance ranges 15-30 meters. Results showed a total of six (6) species belonging to four (4) families which was dominated with Rhizophoraceae family. Five species were recorded to be Least Concern and one species was considered Near Threatened (Ceriops decandra). Among the species, four showed decreasing population trend. Based on the results, mangrove areas of Brgy. Julita, Biliran, Biliran experienced moderate and noticeable cuttings.

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Majestic Rhizophora tree roots ✨ . #WorldTreeDay #SelamatHariPohon #MangroveAsmat #Rhizophora #KampungYepem #KaliJomboth #Agats #Asmat (at Agats, Papua, Indonesia) https://www.instagram.com/p/BqdrOcIAYkv/?utm_source=ig_tumblr_share&igshid=149tw02n1copb

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I love her in or out of the water... but especially in💙⚓️#Rhizophora #bristol32 #classicgirl #happyjoyousfree #sailorslifeforme https://www.instagram.com/p/BnfiMpmAM-e/?utm_source=ig_tumblr_share&igshid=m5mufj02taq2

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When seas rise rapidly

When seas rise rapidly

On October 15, 2013, a magnitude 7 earthquake struck the island of Bohol in the Philippines. It was devastating, killing over two hundred people and injuring a thousand more. The quake shifted the coastline, lifting some parts of the coast by over a metre and dropping other parts by a similar amount. Research published in Ocean & Coastal Management by Rollon et al. records how the mangroves in…

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Rhizophora