A brief introduction to knowledge about marine float buoys
The beacon is the abbreviation of the navigation aid sign, which indicates the direction of the channel, the limit, and the obstruction also called the signal buoy. Including river crossing signs, coastal signs, guide signs, transition guide signs, head and tail guide signs, side signs, left and right navigation signs, position indication signs, flood signs and bridge, culvert signs, etc. It is an artificial sign that helps guide the navigation of ships, locate and mark obstructions, and indicate warnings.
When distributing navigation marks, attention should be paid to the effective combination between shore marks and buoys, so that each mark can play the greatest role. Because the role of shore markers is reliable, and the factors that cause malfunctions due to the influence of nature are less than that of buoys, attention should be paid to the role of shore markers. When setting the shore mark, the navigation aid buoy can specify the minimum safe navigation distance (commonly known as action distance) of the shore mark according to the specific conditions of each river area, and this value is calculated from the water foam line at the mark position.
There are different types and specifications of buoys, which can be divided into marine buoys and inland river buoys according to the waters where they are laid.
Marine float buoys
The basic shapes of marine float buoys are tank, cone, spherical, cylindrical, rod, and so on. Because the buoy is affected by wind, waves, and tides, the body of the channel buoy has a certain floating range and cannot be used as a sign for determining the ship's position. If the slip-knot rod-shaped buoy is used, the position is accurate, and it can be reset after being hit.
River float buoys
Inland river float buoys include drum buoys, triangular buoys, stick buoys, cross-flow buoys, and left and right navigation buoys. The shape, coloring, top mark, and light quality (light rhythm, light color, flash cycle) of the buoy are all made according to the prescribed standards and have specific meanings.
Marine buoys are automatic observation stations for marine hydrology, water quality, and meteorology mainly composed of observation buoys anchored at sea.
It can collect the necessary marine hydrology, water quality, and meteorological data for marine scientific research, offshore oil (gas) development, port construction, and national defense construction in a long-term and continuous manner according to the regulations, especially the bad weather and sea conditions that are difficult to be collected by survey ships. material.
Marine observatories have been established along coasts and islands to measure wave heights. ocean currents. Sea temperature. tide level. wind speed. The hydrometeorological elements such as air pressure, mastering these data will bring more convenience to people.
Generally speaking, the main structure of an ocean monitoring buoy is composed of the floating body, mast, mooring system, and counterweight, and the functional module of a channel buoy is mainly composed of power supply, communication control, sensor, and so on.
The water mast part is mainly used to carry solar panels, meteorological sensors, communication interruptions, etc.; the underwater part is equipped with hydrology and water quality sensors to measure hydrology (waves, retention, temperature and salt depth, and other parameters) and water quality (chlorophyll, algae, cod, and the concentration of various related substances dissolved in seawater) and other factors.
The channel buoy has the characteristics of lightweight, high strength, strong corrosion resistance, bright color, etc., and the floating body adopts a rigid-flexible structure to ensure that the floating body has good impact resistance, and it is easy to install light frames, beacon lights, and anchor chains. It is used for the navigation of boats sailing in the sea and inland waters to ensure the smooth sailing of the boats and entering and leaving the port.
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