#seidlalex

[astrophysics-official]

If a black hole got an object with a huge mass in it then why is the hole in only one direction?

I’m assuming you’re referring to pictures like this one

which imply that black holes are a hole in one of our three spatial directions, and stuff can only enter through a ‘plane.’ In reality, black holes are spherical, meaning any object can enter from any angle and go into the black hole; the hole goes in all directions, as shown by this image:

However, this image that accurately shows what a black hole would look like to us, it doesn’t show us the extreme warping of space around a black hole, which is where the misconception arises: from scientists trying to depict the warping of space and time around a black hole. It’s very hard to visualize the warping of three dimensional space, and even harder to create a two dimensional image depicting a three dimensional warping, so they essentially remove one dimension - think of it as a cross section. This way of illustrating it shows how dramatically curved space and time are around a black hole, but they also imply that a black hole goes “down” in one of our directions, and that matter can only enter one way, which is false. Sorry if I did a poor job of explaining - let me know if you have any more questions!

[astrophysics-official]

Will the universe at one point stop existing? It probably expands too much that all matter got tore apart and never ever life can arise again, or maybe the the universe ends smh and it arises again with another big bang?

The universe won’t ever “stop” existing, but will eventually die. What scientists think will happen is that the universe will keep expanding, and eventually everything will cool off and the universe will be cold, dead, and empty as entropy wins. No new stars are formed (no more gas available), old stars die (run out of fuel) and cool off, and galaxies dim and go out. This is what we call the “heat death” of the universe and it’s kinda bleak, but it’s better than the big crunch (the universe recollapses and everything in the universe rushes in together to form a black hole) or the big rip (the universe’s expansion rate increases faster and faster until it overcomes gravity and other forces, ripping apart galaxies, stars, planets, and finally atoms until the entire universe disintegrates). If it makes you feel better, the universe is almost definitely heading for the “heat death” option. But, after trillions of years there won’t be any free // available energy to power life or, well, anything because the universe will have such a high amount of entropy.

[astrophysics-official]

How did the big bang work?

if you can answer that, you get a nobel prize (we don’t know what made the big bang “happen,” but we know what happened a fraction of a second afterwards; we are currently at the limit of what physics can explain and for me, this is where religion comes in)

in all seriousness, our theory is that the entire observable universe was all compressed into one infintesimally small point (a singularity) and then, for reasons we don’t know, suddenly started expanding (it expanded by 26 orders of magnitude in less than 10^-13 seconds, the equivalent of a quarter blowing up to the size of the observable universe). 

At first it was pure energy, and then the energy condensed into quarks and electrons. the quarks condensed into protons. It was so hot for the first few minutes that nuclear fusion was able to occur - this is called big bang nucelosynthesis (only occurred in the first 20 minutes, after that the universe had expanded and cooled down too much for fusion to occur). So, some helium was produced (that’s why the universe is about ¼ helium). 

Eventually, it cooled down enough for electrons to pair with protons, forming the first atoms. At this point, the universe went from being opaque to see-through; it was a dense fog of atoms, and then suddenly light could travel freely through the universe. This light was able to travel without hitting an electron, proton, etc, which wasn’t possible earlier. This light that we can see has been stretched over billions of years into the cosmic microwave background radiation.

I would read these posts by @quantanaut, which detail the big bang in a timeline fashion, so you can see what was happening at (x) seconds after the big bang. 1 2 pretty cool!!! thanks for asking.