The hormone melanin present in our body gives our skin, eyes and hair their colour. A higher level of melanin would effectively mean darker skin and darker hair. Skin pigmentation is quite commonplace in a city like Melbourne, which gets a good amount of sunlight. Increased exposure to the sun can trigger excess production of melanin, and these often result in dark spots, or an overall darkening of the skin tone. But apart from sun exposure, there could be other genetic or environmental causes for the skin to pigment as well. Not many people know that there are different types of skin pigmentation concerns, like: