#solubility rules

[er-cryptid]

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[northrndontpour]

laughs hysterically as i realize ive spent 13 hours this weekend studying for one test. i still have 3 sheets of paper to memorize. i hate everything

[ohnoitscindy]

I bow to those who understand chemistry easily.

I also want to say that I hate you all.

[yeahmichael]

solubility rules....

disregard this post. just studying.

HCl, HBr, Hi, H2SO4, HNO3, HClO4

Any hydroxide of group IA or IIA

NO3, group IA, NH4, C2H3O2, ClO3, ClO4

Cl, Br, I, F    EXCEPT WITH    Ag, Pb, Hg2

SO4    EXCEPT WITH    Ag, Pb, Hg2, Ca, Ba, Sr

[amateur-escapologist-blog]

Maybe if I post the solubility rules on Tumblr, I will magically memorize them.

[jessicaauendoeschemistry-blog]

#10.] Which of the following sets of compounds areall expected to be soluble in water?1. NaOH, HI, Zn(NO3)2, CsClO42. Fe(NO2)2, NH4I, Ni(OH)2, TiAsO43. V(ClO4)3, CrS3, Ni(NO3)2, Fe(NO2)34. AlPO4, Zn(OH)2, BaS, MgO5. AuNO3, Cu(CH3COO)2, Pb3(PO4)2,PtSO4#11] For the reaction2NO + O2 → 2NO2 ,what is the maximum amount of NO2 whichcould be formed from 9.86 g of NO and 12.93 gof O2?Answer in units of g.

For the first question, it is best to know the solubility rules. You should commit them to memory. They are as follows:

Salts containing Group I elements are soluble (Li+, Na+, K+, Cs+, Rb+). Exceptions to this rule are rare. Salts containing the ammonium ion (NH4+) are also soluble. 

Salts containing nitrate ion (NO3-), Chlorate ion (ClO3), Perchlorate ion (ClO4), and acetate ion (C2H3O2) are generally soluble. 

Salts containing Cl -, Br -, I - are generally soluble. Important exceptions to this rule are halide salts of Ag+, Pb2+, and (Hg2)2+. Thus, AgCl, PbBr2, and Hg2Cl2 are all insoluble.

Most silver salts are insoluble. AgNO3 and Ag(C2H3O2) are common soluble salts of silver; virtually anything else is insoluble.

Most sulfate salts are soluble. Important exceptions to this rule include BaSO4, PbSO4, Ag2SO4 and SrSO4 .

Most hydroxide salts are only slightly soluble. Hydroxide salts of Group I elements are soluble. Hydroxide salts of Group II elements (Ca, Sr, and Ba) are slightly soluble. Hydroxide salts of transition metals and Al3+ are insoluble. Thus, Fe(OH)3, Al(OH)3, Co(OH)2 are not soluble.

Most sulfides of transition metals are highly insoluble. Thus, CdS, FeS, ZnS, Ag2S are all insoluble. Arsenic, antimony, bismuth, and lead sulfides are also insoluble.

Carbonates are frequently insoluble. Group II carbonates (Ca, Sr, and Ba) are insoluble. Some other insoluble carbonates include FeCO3 and PbCO3.

Chromates are frequently insoluble. Examples: PbCrO4, BaCrO4

Phosphates are frequently insoluble. Examples: Ca3(PO4)2, Ag3PO4 

Fluorides are frequently insoluble. Examples: BaF2, MgF2 PbF2.

From this information, we can determine that the first set contains compounds that are all soluble in water.

For the second question, see my post from January 9th, in which I go into detail about determining limiting reactant and finding the mass of product formed.