These may be the closest shots in recent memory for SPN:
Now, I mentioned before that the closer a shot is, the more importance is generally given to it. (this isn’t always true but it’s a solid film language expectation in western dialogue scenes and SPN follows it pretty consistently. It’s how dialogue is often given dynamics, especially when there isn’t much blocking).
This is right after Dean gives the mixtape back to Cas. But he’s framed this way through the entire mixtape section of the scene except when he gives the mixtape back which invokes it’s own symbolism and closeup insert. That means anytime he’s cropped like this, be it speaking or reacting, it is meant to be dramatic and important.
Comedy is a wide shot, drama is a closeup. They (according to western film language) intend a ton of drama and weight from this part of the scene. Looking back at previous scenes, even between Cas and Dean, how many of them have been this close? Dean is very affected by what is happening and this really drove home to me what the mixtape meant to him.(not that it really needs much more, really. But if you wanted more, here it is.)
An interesting thing about this is how these extreme closeups are (generally) made. There is a decent chance they didn’t actually have a camera that close to him, and either had it a reasonable but still close distance out and zoomed in, or the scaling was done in post. It’s probably a mix of both.
Editing programs allow the editor to take a piece of footage and scale it up or down so it looks zoomed in or out, file size allowing. That’s probably how they achieved this shot without having the camera take up a bunch of space: A zoom with the camera, and an edit.
Either way, someone wanted it, and by someone I mean probably the director, but certainly the editor and producer(show runners) for I dunno, some reason.
You don’t just get those shots, the camera had to have been moved into position in a painstakingly obnoxious process called a “turnaround” where they move all the equipment for a new setup and film everything that’s meant to be filmed from that angle. Setups are figured out way in advanced usually. Especially in TV where deadlines are pretty obsessive. It’s possible they used this setup as well:
Zoomed in, and flipped the footage. But that’s still an intended process. That may mean something even more and was probably done in the producer’s cut. If this is true, nice blur masking guys, lol.
It’s more likely they used the one below and just zoomed in. The actors probably ran the scene from each coverage, that’s pretty normal. Then inserts were given their own setup, or they used a wider setup and zoomed in.
There is a decent chance the closeup had its own setup and we just don’t see the rest of it, because it wouldn’t have made sense to overuse it.
They probably did a good part of the scene from each angle, and then the editor, director, showrunners and studio people chose what to use when. This is a safe way to film, it takes a bit and results in plenty of sleepy people but it gives the most leeway when editing and timing. Timing is really important to tv execs.
Any additional zoom adjustments could easily be done in editing. They’re filming on massive file output most likely, so they probably allowed some leeway in the zoom so the editor could crop it where it was most desirable.
I don’t know if they differ from the average or exactly how they operate, but this is pretty general stuff.
Ok, so I was looking through Mick’s last scene in 12.17 but I got distracted by the blocking... and Homeward Bound. I also still have to rewatch 12.18 again to finish that post, but @obsessionisaperfume talked about 9.06 and it intrigued me to have a look again since it does heavily remind me of the current arc with Cas. It’s also on Netflix so yay not dealing with ads. I had used this lens before but actually writing it down showed some interesting patterns. Have 3 scenes from 9.06 with Cas and Dean annotated with editing.
As before, bold text doesn’t necessarily mean important, it just means coverage. Not in coverage is a reaction shot. I’ll note inserts of other things but there really aren’t many. These scenes are all pretty focused.
Some notes about these scenes: There is a lot of OTS (over the shoulder). This shot is often used to show connection and closeness. Having a character in 2D space OTS minimizes the space between the characters in the shot. It also builds a connection and sense of space. Some of these shots could be considered a 2 shot, but they sort of osculate between 2 shot and OTS.
Both denote connection, the 2 shot says that what’s happening from both characters is important.(unless the focus is the environment or space. You can usually tell which is being used when in practice) In western film, if the shot is close, the subject is important, if the subject is far, the environment or space is important. People generally take a more individualistic approach in western cinema, so if someone is in the shot with another character, it probably means something. It could mean that whatever is happening affects both of them, or it could mean that they are the only couple in the crowd. It depends on the narrative.
Scenes below with notes:
1) [2 shot mid, profile] CASTIEL
Good day, ma'am.
[mid-close OTS] (CASTIEL gives her an emphatic thumbs-up, and says very intensely:)
And good luck!
[Technically 2 shot, focus shifts from customer to Dean]
[Quick insert of mid-close Cas for reaction]
DEAN
I'll have some beef jerky and a pack of menthols.
[Camera lingers on Dean]
[Mid close]CASTIEL
...What are you doing here?
[OTS mid close] DEAN
Gee, it's nice to see you, too, Cas.
[OTS mid close]CASTIEL
It's … Steve now. (gesturing towards his employee name tag) And... uh, you surprised me.
[OTS mid close]DEAN
Well, the feeling is mutual. I mean, I knew you had to lay low from the angel threat, but, uh, wow. This is some cover.
[OTS mid close on Cas, he crosses behind the register. The camera settles in an OTS pos]
[OTS mid on Dean, cuts to OTS mid close on Cas’ coverage. Cas’ profile can be seen during Dean’s coverage.]
CASTIEL
My Grace is gone. What did you expect? Do you have any idea how hard it was? When I fell to earth, I didn't just lose my powers. [cuts to OTS mid close on Dean] I –
[cuts back to OTS mid close on Cas] I had nothing. Now... I'm a sales associate.
[OTS mid] DEAN
A sales associate?
The beer delivery guy hands "Steve" a clipboard from out of frame. Cas reaches for before Dean can continue.
[Hand into frame] DELIVERY GUY
Hey, Steve. Sign here?
[Mid 2 shot of Dean and Cas across from each other in profile with the counter between them. Delivery guy partially obstructs our sightline of Dean. Dean is not pleased with his blocking being blocked.
CASTIEL takes the clipboard and signs it, continuing to speak to DEAN.
[OTS close mid] CASTIEL
I'm responsible for inventory, sales, customer service. I keep this place – (he hands the clip board to the delivery guy, who says "Thank you" and leaves) – Thank YOU (to the delivery guy) – clean and presentable. And when my manager's busy, I even prepare the food.
[OTS close mid] DEAN
Wow. So you went from fighting … heavenly battles to nuking taquitos?
[OTS close mid] CASTIEL (nodding)
Nachos too.
Scene.
^Notes about the scene above:
The shots make the characters seem a lot closer to each other except when it pulls back to the master and a couple of high angle OTS shots.
Dean and Cas being interrupted by the delivery guy is interesting. It kind of shows a sudden amount of space between them from what was a series of very close shots in 2D space.
The dialogue that’s given importance when it’s on coverage is generally regarding Cas’ job and humanity. Off coverage is reaction shots mostly. This editor seems to mostly cut around dialogue, or cut like mad. Check this out:
CAS: What are you doing here?
DEAN: Gee, it's nice to see you, too, Cas.
CAS: It's … Steve now. you surprised me.
DEAN: low from the angel threat, but, uh, wow. This is some cover.
CAS: how hard it was? When I fell to earth, I didn't just lose my powers. I had nothing. Now... I'm a sales associate.
DEAN: A sales associate?
CAS: I keep this place – Thank YOU – clean. I even prepare the food.
DEAN: Wow. So you went from - to nuking taquitos?
CAS: Nachos too.
----Interesting. Next!
2) Cas walks out of the Gas n Sip storage room [Master tracking mid 2 shot, follows Cas], Cas is annoyed.
DEAN: This is not you man, you are above this. C’mon!
CASTIEL: No Dean, I’m not.
[Ots Close] CASTIEL (cont.) I failed at being an angel... everything I ever attempted came out wrong. But here, at least I have a shot of getting things right.
[OTS close 2 shot, Dean in focus] Castiel (cont.) I guess you can’t see it, but... there’s a real [back to Cas’ ots close] dignity in what I do. A human dignity.
[OS to 3 shot mid wide] NORA: I hate to interrupt you guys but Steve, a customer had an accident in the men’s room.
[OTS mid 2 shot of Dean and Cas] CASTIEL: I’m on it.
[CAS OTS mid] NORA: Oh, and tonight. 7 at my place work for you?
[Back to the Dean/Cas OTS mid 2 shot] CASTIEL: Great.
[Close mid] NORA: You’re the best.
[Mop OTS mid 2 shot] DEAN: That’s what this i-[cuts to OTS close when he looks to Cas] -s about.
(Agh, the way Dean looks during this part of the scene is really similar to how he looks in the diner in 12.12 during his “support” there too)
[OTS mid close] CASTIEL: What?
[OTS mid close] DEAN: A girl.
[OTS mid close] CASTIEL: No, Dean. It’s not. Nora... She’s a very nice woman. [shot cuts to include more of Cas and a closer shot of Dean] I’m pretty sure she’s not a reaper intent on killing me... and she’s asked me out. Going on dates is something humans do right?
[CU Dean’s focus with Cas in profile] DEAN: Yeah, I mean my dates usually end when I run out of singles but yeah.. it’s something that.. humans do.
(Dean’s phone starts to ring)
[Master tracking mid 2 shot, follows Dean] DEAN: This is agent Lee Ermey. I’ll be right there.
[2 shot, Dean’s focus, Close mid CAS] DEAN: There’s another kill. Up at the highschool. You coming?
[OTS Close mid] I wouldn’t be much use, and I don’t have my powers.
[Dean’s focus mid close with close Cas’ profile] DEAN: So? I’ve never had powers.
[OTS mid close] CASTIEL: You are a hunter.
[Dean’s focus mid close with close Cas’ profile] DEAN: You’re a hunter in training, remember?
CASTIEL: Yeah, I remember. [cut to OTS mid close] you said I sucked.
[2 shot mid Dean’s focus, mid close Cas] DEAN: I didn’t say that. I said that there was uh, uh... you know, room for improvement. Come on!
[Master OTS 2 shot mid Cas focus] CASTIEL: *sigh* alright, my shifts over in 5 mins and my date’s not until later so..
[OTS mid close] DEAN: That a boy. I’ll go get the car. (pats Cas on the arm)
CASTIEL: Not just yet.
[OTS mid close] CASTIEL: I have to clean the bathroom.
Scene.
Some notes: Again, coverage dialogue involves stuff regarding humans and dignity.
This scene’s closest shots are of Dean when he decides Nora is the reason for Cas’ dignity. Dean is not pleased about it. It really reminded me of the diner scene in 12.12. Seriously, watch those scenes back to back, it’s freaky.
The mop gets a OTS mid wide 2 shot... Cas has a connection to the mop... Damnit director.
Cas and Dean sort of have their own space throughout the scene. We enter their “space” by following Cas’ track. We exit it briefly following Dean’s track when he gets the call. He goes back and we end the scene in the space but Cas exits it.
-----Onward!
3) [Wide of the Impala] DEAN: Cas.
[OTS mid. Most of Dean can be seen with Cas. Cas focus] DEAN: Wait.
[OTS close] DEAN: I can’t let you do this.
[OTS mid close] CASTIEL: What?
[OTS close] DEAN: You’re gonna wear that on a date?
[OTS mid close] CASTIEL: This is all I have, Dean.
[OTS mid. Most of Cas can be seen with Dean focus] DEAN: Okay. Uh.. lose the vest.
[Mid close, 2 shot, Cas focus] CASTIEL: What are you-?
[Focus shifts to Dean at the end of his line] DEAN: Lose the vest. Come on.
[Mid close on Cas. He’s taking the vest off] DEAN: That’s a little better. Alright.
[OTS close] DEAN: And now your buttons. Why don’t you unbutton it?
Insert Mid of Cas undoing the buttons.
[OTS close] DEAN: Okay. That- that’s far enough, Tony Manero.
[OTS close] DEAN: Uh.. Yeah. Good. All right. Listen to me.
[OTS mid close] DEAN: Always open the door for her, okay?
[OTS mid with Cas’ profile] DEAN: Ask a lot of questions. They like that. And uh.. oh, if she says she’s happy to go Dutch? She’s lying.
[OTS mid close] DEAN: All right?
[OTS mid with Cas’ profile] Go get ‘em, Tiger.
The focus shifts from Dean to Cas and back to Dean. We can see Dean watching Cas leave.
Cas steps out of the Impala with Dean still watching. Dean watches the rest of the scene play out and gives Cas encouragement.
Cas approaches the house intercut with Dean’s PoV. We get a close shot of Dean watching him.
Heh, Dean tries to leave after being waved off but a truck with the brown and cream motif Cas’ current truck has, blocks him.
Scene.
^Ok, that scene there. Serious 11.23 vibes. Like, I had them before but man. I just watched the scene 4 times and agh. Dean even handles it more or less the same way. He leads in, and then backtracks. That was a long ass pause, and yeah, it may have been a joke, but there are only so many close shots you wanna doll out in a scene. These are the only close shots. All of them have coverage dialogue except the last one:
[OTS close] DEAN: I can’t let you do this.
[OTS close] You’re gonna wear that on a date?
[OTS close] DEAN: And now your buttons. Why don’t you unbutton-
[OTS close] DEAN: Uh.. Yeah. Good. All right. Listen to me.
[OTS close] DEAN: Tony Manero.
Close of Dean watching Cas approach the house.
By the way, that last one? It probably wouldn’t exist if it didn’t mean something. If there wasn’t some reason to show that close up, they probably wouldn’t have. They likely have tons of footage from different setups of that scene. They chose that shot. Why?
Actually, this entire episode feels that way. Especially that scene. Scenes are supposed to go through a -/+ emotional change or a +/- change. So.. what changed in the scene emotionally? What purpose did it serve in the ep overall? In the arc overall? What purpose did this ep serve?
Obviously, I can’t really know about the intent for any of this, but it really seems like Dean has a thing for Cas and vise versa by the editing. Not only that, but this ep is just saturated with romance film tropes.
Some of s12 really feels like an exploration of some of the concepts of this ep. Not sure if intentional, but it’s sure there.
Oh, and @obsessionisaperfume, if you wanted different scenes, just let me know.
@obsessionisaperfume here’s the Kuleshov Effect post I talked about. Hopefully it is sufficient.
TL;DR: Editing is probably the most powerful tool film has and how it’s used tells the story. Literally. In the case of SPN, there is a lot of instances that can be read as destiel riding in on a giant brick.
Ok, so preamble for those who don’t know what it is: The Kuleshov Effect was named for Soviet filmmaker Lev Kuleshov. It deals with a “mental phenomenon by which viewers derive more meaning from the interaction of two sequential shots than from a single shot in isolation.”
The original test that coined the name was a short series of clips showing an actor in a black and white film with a stoic expression, intercut with various images. It’s about 50 seconds, have a looksie.
The short was built to see what meaning people would give to the man’s expression and as Kuleshov expected, they reacted accordingly based on what shots were intercut. So the stoic face was read as hungry, lustful, sad, whatever by most people even though it was all the same expression.
You can invoke this effect without both pieces ever seeing each other. You can create a vast head space for a character that the actor may never see by intercutting the actor with something like... war stock footage. We can understand what the character is going through without it ever being spoken and without the actor saying or sometimes really doing anything in relation to it.
That isn’t to say that actors aren’t important, of course they are. But a lot of understanding a filmed work look to the editing. The same way books look at word choice, sentence structure, etc. Editing is the last stand of “authorial intent” (as a nebulous term. Not by a single person) between the production and the audience. It’s the syuzhet, the filter of bias that sets the tone and the pace and the narrative and almost no one is truly privy to it until all of production is over.
Now, directors, producers, various others depending on the work often help dictate the editing to an extent. They decide what version of shots to leave in and give an idea of what they’re going for. Some take a much more active role and are part of the editing process to a great extent. Sometimes it’s just the director helping, sometimes it’s like... 8 other people in production. Sometimes a film studio drops all their footage for their several million dollar property off at a trailer house and says “panic number’s on the fridge, I’ll be back in the morning.” and expects the final edit not to suck.
Editors exist for a reason and it’s not just to cut the film to an edible size, set pace and presentation. “When to cut” and “how to think like an editor” are important to the process on their own and they are their own people.
Authorial intent is honestly kind of hilarious. Especially in works with multiple “intenders”
But let’s poke the intent bear anyway, shall we? ‘Bunch of examples under the cut.
Let’s start with 12.10 since it was recent and was pointed out specifically by @bluestar86 not long ago.
Gah... I don’t have any gifs. I keep trying to make them but they don’t want to work for whatever reason when I post them.
I’ll add them in later if I remember/get them to work.. *sigh*
So in 12.10, we’re shown the scene Cas tells about what he remembers when he and Ishim’s fleet killed Akibel. At one point, Akibel states something like: “ “how can you know humans and not love them?” with the camera cutting to Cas’ reaction.
Another instance happens in 12.09 after Billie is killed and the BMoL meet up with the Winchesters on the bridge. When the Winchesters are getting back into the impala, the BMoL tell the Winchesters they were “unprofessional” with the camera then finding Castiel and then cutting to him entering the car with foliage framing the foreground. It’s a PoV shot.I have a feeling they’ll be after Cas before the season’s end.
One of my favorites is in 8.17 (when it doesn’t make me sad), while Sam is talking to Meg. It’s intercut with Cas and Dean’s Crypt Scene to an interesting parallel. It’s a bit muddy, but it’s there:
Meg: So some chick actually got you off hunting eh? That’s a rare creature. So tell me, how did you meet this unicorn?
-And the scene cuts to Cas in the crypt with Dean. They have the start of their tiff, followed by a J-Cut and we’re back to Meg and Sam talking. Now take a look at this exchange and then think about how it relates to the next scene with Dean and Cas.
Meg: You hit a dog and stopped, why?
Sam: That whole story and that was your takeaway?
It is kind of a weird takeaway... isn’t it? Moving on.
Meg: No, I heard the rest. You fell in love with a Unicorn. It was beautiful, then sad, then sadder. I laughed, I cried, I puked in my mouth a little... and honestly I kinda get it.
Sam: Really?
Meg: ...We’ve got company.
Sound familiar to another situation?
-Cut back to a closeup insert of Cas and his Angel blade. The above discourse serves a few purposes with the lens I’m applying to the cuts here:
1) It parallels a relationship between Sam and a love interest to Cas and Dean. How many times has that happened? Oh yeah. Constantly.
2) We know that Dean has been paralleled to a dog before. Cas hits Dean, then stops... he breaks his connection to Naomi by any means needed. He chooses “them”.
Meg: Go. Save your brother...and.. my unicorn
We know what she’s talking about. She’s saying her feelings for Cas and how important she is to him but using the established metaphor. Cas is likened to a unicorn by Meg- who’s connection to Cas draws us further into the intercut parallel by specifically referring to Cas in metaphorical terms and comparing her situation with Sam’s. That situation being what’s happening in the crypt during their conversation. You could argue that Cas and Dean are each other’s unicorns but for the purposes of this, Dean is the dog Cas hit to make him stop, and Cas is a rarity that changes you.
On its own, the scene allows for some drama and the continuation of Sam’s story but we don’t learn anything new on Sam’s end. We also don’t really learn anything new on Meg’s end. We already knew she had something for Cas It mostly serves to give motivation to Meg’s actions but why tell the whole story at that time?
The famous “Too much heart was always Castiel’s problem” cut to the river scene in 8.02. Remember, a physical person edited that. Why put that scene there? What were they trying to accomplish?
Some instances from season 11:
Dean and Sam’s intercut difference in takeaway at the end of 11.11
11.18: Amara’s reaction shot when her attempts to reach Dean are cut off by his concern for Cas.
11.21: Amara uses Cas to find Dean, we see her placing her hand over Cas’ heart, then cutting to Dean behind a cage motif.
11.22: Casifer going limp on the cut after Amara inflicts her power on Dean and Lucifer’s “vessel” being out of commission afterwards. You cannot convince me that Amara didn’t access Cas’ function through her power..
Isn’t it interesting that throughout season 11, the closups on hearts and pining have all involved Dean or Cas?
Here’s a favorite from all the way back in 5.04. This episode is full of editing choices that tell us about a potential relationship between endverse Dean and Cas:
2014!Dean kills his own man and 2009!Dean intervenes. From the shot of the remaining men and 2009!Dean, we’re led to believe the convoy is disturbed by 2009!Dean. It’s not until 2014!Dean starts talking about his “pretty messed up situation” does the camera cut to 2009!Dean, who, along with the audience, realizes that 2014!Dean isn’t pointing at him, he’s pointing and talking about Cas, and from Cas’ expression, there’s a reason for it. This scene sets up, almost entirely through editing; an unseen structure of the conflicts in the episode and the endverse. The way the relationships for Dean have progressed in this version of the future.
Also in 5.04, there are several great ones in the meeting scene just before they take the fight to Lucifer:
2009!Dean: We were in uh... Janes.. cabin last night, and apparently we, and.. Risa. Have a connection.
Within this dialogue alone, there are several shots showing character relationships. There’s Risa’s disgusted arm crossing, 2014!Dean’s sort of sad glaring, realization of what is known about him in the room and who is present, but most notably Cas’ inhale of realization and smile at the end of what is said. Cas isn’t being spoken to. He has seemingly no reason to have a reaction shot here that says without words “Of course he did” unless there was some reason to place it there. It’s a very specific reaction. 2014!Dean shoots the rest of that conversation down right quick.
There really are so many instances of this. I can only think of a few. I’m sure many others could think of more. Feel free to add your own. Doesn’t have to be destiel related.
Even if we don’t get many match cuts in this show (for some dumb reason), we aren’t short on very heavily framed instances of the Kuleshov effect giving us little glimpses of whatever swims around in the post production of SPN. The final decisions that tell the story mixed with our own expectations and perspectives. Many hands working to create a world.
Is there a list of all the spn editors and their episodes? I want to study them. Watching 2.14 made me realize how much the editing styles have changed over time. I’m primarily an editor when it comes to video projects so I think it could be fun. I also could only find them on the SuperWiki by going to each episode page which would take forever.
It would also be an interesting thing to compile for a bit while I let off steam from The UDK’s need to crash all the time. It’s partially my desktop’s fault, but it sucks. The UDK is built to run fast, not to be friendly.
If you ever get into working with video game engines.. or really any design software; save like the dickins. Pretend you are in a really old adventure game and save all the time. Cntl/cmnd + S that shit with every major stroke.
I thankfully didn’t lose anything but agh... it’s so frustrating. I’m gonna take a break from it for awhile, not that I have been giving it my full attention for a bit now anyway, but still. If only to give my desktop some respite.