Week 11: Given the amount of surveillance, can social activism prevail in China?
Because of the occurrence of COVID-19 epidemic, every person's life was completely disrupted, and the world was largely affected because of it. This is due to that fact that people are forced to stay at home throughout the outbreak in terms to safeguard the community in a safe way and seek overall matters get back to its normal state as soon as possible.Also, social media usage has totally increase tremendously during the epidemic period while mostly people are so used to scrolling over social media and acquiring the latest news information regardless of any content topic since the COVID-19 breakout. Based on the survey of US social media users, around 29.7percent of respondents said they spent an extra 1-2 hours each day on social media, then another 20.5 percent utilized social media for 30 minutes to an hour longer each day than normal while, only 1.6 percent of respondents increased their usage by less than 15 minutes. To this, it is due to coronavirus epidemic, which resulted in stay-at-home orders and social isolation across the country, prompted increased social media usage (Statista Research Department 2021), therefore activism started shift to social media leading to social activism towards online.
Let’s briefly go through what does social activism means.
Social activism, a purposeful action aiming at promoting long-term social and political change is referred to as social activism. Those people who are passionate about a cause might become a social activist by attempting to adversely impact positive and effectual changes. The term of social activism is rightly regarded to rectify those wrongdoings under unjust attitudes and behaviors that has an influence on humankind aspect. Also, it is used to show supports or opposes one side of a controversial argument regarding of the content topic (Brenman & Sanchez 2014).
The surveillance of China landscape nowadays
With the continuous technological breakthroughs, China is the typical surveillance state, with cameras on every street corner and bots monitoring every web page. The China’s government think that undertaking through this path, they will be able to foresee and prevent threats to the government. China has a vast and extensive surveillance network, as reported by Chinese state media, at least 16 cities, municipalities, and provincial capitals already had begun to use a face recognition system that can detect the nation's whole 1.4 billion-strong population with 99.8% accuracy (Carlson & Ivanescu 2021). In addition, China’s facial recognition system has proven to be very effective; for example, according to the state media Xinhua News Agency, it was reported that Nanchang police in southern China quickly found and arrested a wanted suspect during a popular event attended by 60,000 people earlier before (Ma 2018).
Back to the main topic, can social activism prevail in China with this massive surveillance level?
With this amount of surveillance, I believe it will be hard for social activism to succeed in China because of the China’s government sort of control and surveillance, hence it might be incredibly difficult for activists to engage in those social activities. Due to the extensive surveillance, it is difficult to participate in social activism activities even if they are initiated. Because anything happens, the China polices can immediately rush to the scene, which proves that the China polices are very efficient, so to say nothing of that social activism can prevail in this country of China. Not only that, despite that people could use VPNs to change their account IP address to get over the obstacles, nevertheless it doesn’t help. As we all know, social media such as Facebook, YouTube, Instagram can be said to be the most frequently used social media platforms, but in China, the use of these social media is prohibited due to social credit risks such as misappropriation and illegal tracking. Furthermore, even though carrying out social activities through the social media that China approved, however, China’s online surveillance system is highly technical, which they could instantly detect the sensitive content or information and those sensitive keywords would be filtered from search engines (Markuson 2021). If people insist on publishing such content topics, they may have to bear the possible consequences, such as permanent banning of social accounts, or in the worst case, they will face criminal prosecution.
Given the extent of surveillance in China, social activism action is immensely difficult to prevail for China citizens. Because of all the wrongdoings people make online, whether it is social activism or other actions, anyone's personal information can be easily obtained instantly under the currently intently monitored social media sites. Therefore, even if we all have freedom-expression, but we still must be cautious in wording or speech when publishing any content topic in order to avoid unnecessary trouble.
Statista Research Department 2021, ‘Additional daily time spent on social media platforms by users in the United States due to coronavirus pandemic’, 28 January, viewed 24 November 2021,<https://www.statista.com/statistics/1116148/more-time-spent-social-media-platforms-users-usa-coronavirus/>.
Brenman, M & Sanchez, TW 2014, ‘Social activism’, Springer Link, viewed 24 November 2021,<https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007%2F978-94-007-0753-5_2729>.
Carlson, R & Ivanescu, I 2021, ‘China’s paper tiger surveillance state’, TheDiplomat, 30 April, viewed 26 November 2021, <https://thediplomat.com/2021/04/chinas-paper-tiger-surveillance-state/
Ma, A 2018, ‘China is building a vast civilian surveillance network – here are 10 ways it could be feeding its creepy ‘social credit system’, 29 August, viewed 26 November 2021,<https://www.businessinsider.com/how-china-is-watching-its-citizens-in-a-modern-surveillance-state-2018-4>.
Markuson, D 2021, ‘What is the best VPN for China?’, NordVPN, 23 October, viewed 26 2021, <https://nordvpn.com/blog/vpn-for-china/>.