#water deficit

[astrolocherry]

Air emphasis: Clever, spaced out, communicative, cerebral, conceptual Air deficient: Doubts intelligence, struggles in academic institution, sedate in thinking/longs to prove intelligence, over rational, worried, high functioning intellectual

Fire emphasis: Self confident, impulsive, initiative, dominant, energetic, uncontrollable, independent Fire Deficient: Lethargic, lack confidence, reserved, underwhelmed, rational, guarded/ ultra restless and disorderly, impatient, forceful, angry, confused

Earth emphasis: ultra restless and disorderly, impatient, forceful, angry, confused, the physical body is a temple Earth Deficient: Spaciness, disorderly, irresponsible, dependent, out of touch with basic living requirements, distant/overly cautious and serious, controlling, structured, anxious

Water emphasis: Receptive, fluid, hyper sensitive, emotionally focused, secretive, empathetic, withdrawing, solitary, idealistic Water Deficient: Inability to comprehend and identify feelings, disregards emotions, low emotional intelligence/extremely moody and unstable, represses emotions until violent outburst, unpredictable

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Combined effect of KSB and biochar on growth indices and phosphorus, potassium and chlorophyll content in sorghum under drought stress

Drought is a big threat to crop production these days, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. Availability and uptake of macro and micronutrients at an adequate level and conservation of soil moisture are relevant strategies in this regard. Potassium (K) plays a vital role to sustain crop growth under drought stress. The plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria with K solubilizing activity have the potential to provide the plants with K in enough quantity to cope with the effects of drought. The role of potassium solubilizing bacteria (KSB) have already been established. On the other hand, biochar is not only a good source of nutrients but also improves porosity and water holding capacity of the soil into which it is added. So, a pot study was designed to assess the combined role of KSB and biochar on growth indices and phosphorus, potassium and chlorophyll content in sorghum crop under water deficit conditions. The data depicted that KSB + biochar improved plant height, root length, shoot fresh biomass, root fresh biomass, potassium, and phosphorus content shoot of plants up to 30, 42, 49, 67, 36 and 44%, respectively over control at 30% of field capacity moisture level. Similarly chlorophyll a and b contents were found to be improved up to 60.8 and 43% over control at the moisture level of 30% of field capacity. It is concluded that the conjoint application of KSB and biochar is quite effective in improving sorghum growth under drought.

[thoughtlessarse]

Supplies falling rapidly while demand keeps growing.

Central Asia’s water deficit is reaching the crisis point, according to a new report published by the Washington-based New Lines Institute for Strategy and Policy. Central Asian governments need to take urgent, collective action to create a more efficient water-management institution, if the region is to avert social upheaval, as well as come close to realizing its economic development and trade ambitions, the report contends. Providing extensive background on current conditions in Central Asia, the report, titled When Water Becomes Glue: Solving Central Asia’s Water Dilemma Through Collaboration, states that environmental factors, including persistent drought and glacier melt, are not the central source of the region’s water challenges. Wastage due to ineffective management and antiquated equipment is the chief culprit. “Compounding the resulting crisis is the primitive and grossly wasteful system for irrigation and moving water to cities that Soviet Russia imposed on the entire region,” Frederick Starr, a preeminent expert on Central Asia at the American Foreign Policy Council in Washington, writes in his foreword. “According to some assessments of this messy network of unlined canals and leaking concrete channels, fully 40 percent of the region’s water is wasted.” It is in the best interests of the United States and European Union, given their stated desire to tap into Central Asia’s abundance of critical minerals, to help regional states to upgrade irrigation canal systems and install water-saving technologies.

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Cowpea, a vital legume in the tropics, plays a crucial role in the diet of millions of people. However, its yield remains significantly low due to water deficit stress. The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphological and physiological responses of four cowpea varieties subjected to water deficit stress to establish their actual resistance capacities. Trials were conducted in a greenhouse at Nangui Abrogoua University, using three Fisher blocks in the experimental design. Water deficit conditions, at 25% field capacity (FC) and 12.5% FC (severe), were applied from seeding until the wilting of plants, in addition to a control condition (100% FC). Physiological (leaf moisture, leaf temperature) and morphological (number of branches, stem diameter, plant length) data were analyzed. The results showed that the highest leaf moisture rates were recorded at 12.5% FC for all varieties. Variety KVX745-11P recorded the highest leaf moisture rate (65.45%) and exhibited the lowest leaf temperatures, at 30.4°C. Leaf moisture rates increase as the degree of water deficit decreases, while leaf temperature increases as the degree of water deficit increases. The lowest numbers of branches, smallest stem diameters, and plant lengths were recorded at 12.5% FC for all varieties. It was concluded from this study that water deficit negatively impacted the physiology and morphological traits of the studied cowpea varieties.

[oaresearchpaper]

Cowpea, a vital legume in the tropics, plays a crucial role in the diet of millions of people. However, its yield remains significantly low due to water deficit stress. The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphological and physiological responses of four cowpea varieties subjected to water deficit stress to establish their actual resistance capacities. Trials were conducted in a greenhouse at Nangui Abrogoua University, using three Fisher blocks in the experimental design. Water deficit conditions, at 25% field capacity (FC) and 12.5% FC (severe), were applied from seeding until the wilting of plants, in addition to a control condition (100% FC). Physiological (leaf moisture, leaf temperature) and morphological (number of branches, stem diameter, plant length) data were analyzed. The results showed that the highest leaf moisture rates were recorded at 12.5% FC for all varieties. Variety KVX745-11P recorded the highest leaf moisture rate (65.45%) and exhibited the lowest leaf temperatures, at 30.4°C. Leaf moisture rates increase as the degree of water deficit decreases, while leaf temperature increases as the degree of water deficit increases. The lowest numbers of branches, smallest stem diameters, and plant lengths were recorded at 12.5% FC for all varieties. It was concluded from this study that water deficit negatively impacted the physiology and morphological traits of the studied cowpea varieties.

[oaresearchpaper]

Analysis of the morpho-physiological responses of four varieties of cowpea subjected to water deficit constraints under greenhouse conditions

Cowpea, a vital legume in the tropics, plays a crucial role in the diet of millions of people. However, its yield remains significantly low due to water deficit stress. The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphological and physiological responses of four cowpea varieties subjected to water deficit stress to establish their actual resistance capacities. Trials were conducted in a greenhouse at Nangui Abrogoua University, using three Fisher blocks in the experimental design. Water deficit conditions, at 25% field capacity (FC) and 12.5% FC (severe), were applied from seeding until the wilting of plants, in addition to a control condition (100% FC). Physiological (leaf moisture, leaf temperature) and morphological (number of branches, stem diameter, plant length) data were analyzed. The results showed that the highest leaf moisture rates were recorded at 12.5% FC for all varieties. Variety KVX745-11P recorded the highest leaf moisture rate (65.45%) and exhibited the lowest leaf temperatures, at 30.4°C. Leaf moisture rates increase as the degree of water deficit decreases, while leaf temperature increases as the degree of water deficit increases. The lowest numbers of branches, smallest stem diameters, and plant lengths were recorded at 12.5% FC for all varieties. It was concluded from this study that water deficit negatively impacted the physiology and morphological traits of the studied cowpea varieties.

[bookpiofficial]

Leaf Amino Acids and Anatomical Traits of Drought Tolerant vs Sensitive Genotypes of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) under Elevated Levels of Water Stress | Chapter 03 | Advances in Agriculture and Fisheries Research Vol. 1

Many plants accumulate compatible osmolytes at high levels in plant cells such as amino acids and/or develop special epidermal cell bladders which may serve as external water reservoirs and having small and thick-walled cells in response to water deficit. The objectives of the present investigation were: (i) to study effects of water stress on the anatomical traits and accumulation of free amino acids in quinoa leaves and (ii) to describe differences among drought tolerant and sensitive genotypes in such traits following the imposition of water deficit. A field experiment was carried out in the growing season 2015/2016, using a split plot design with five replications. Main plots were allotted to three irrigation regimes, i.e. well watering (WW) [95% field capacity (FC)], moderate water stress (WS) [65% FC] and severe water stress (SWS) [35% FC] and sub plots to five genotypes. Mean squares due to genotypes, irrigation regimes and their interaction were significant (p≤0.01) for studied leaf free amino acids and anatomical traits. Water stress caused a significant decrease in leaf thickness under WS and SWS, upper and lower epidermis under WS, palisade and spongy layers under SWS, but caused a significant increase in palisade and spongy layers under WS and upper and lower epidermis under SWS. The genotype CICA-17 (tolerant) had the thickest leaf and upper epidermis and second thickest lower epidermis, palisade and spongy layers. Contents of each amino acid were significantly increased due to water stress, except Leucine. Increases in amino acid content increased by increasing severity of water stress. Maximum increase (109.6%) was shown by Threonine under SWS, but minimum (8.08%) was by Arginine under WS. Under SWS, the tolerant genotype CICA-17 showed the highest mean increase percentage (47.9%) in total amount of amino acids relative to WW; it showed the highest increase in all amino acids, especially Proline, Methionine and Phenylalanine.

Author(s) Details

 Dr. Ahmed Medhat Mohamed Al-Naggar Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Egypt.

Dr. Rabie Mohamed Abd El-Salam Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Egypt.

Dr. Ayman E. Badran Plant Breeding Unit, Department of Genetic Resources, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.

Mai M. El-Moghazi Plant Breeding Unit, Department of Genetic Resources, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.

View Volume: http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/138

[wemdashikurfan-blog]

Farhood Yeganehpoor, Saeid Zehtab-Salmasi, Jalil Shafagh-Kolvanagh, Kazem Ghassemi-Golezani, Soheila Dastborhan Department of Plant Eco-Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran Key words: Biological fertilizer, Coriander, Oil content, Salicylic acid, Water deficit

Abstract

Water stress is one of the most environmental factors affecting and limiting plant growth and productivity, mainly in arid and semi-arid regions in the world. This research was undertaken in 2014 to evaluation of changes in leaves and nodes per plant, root/shoot ratio and oil content of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) seeds in response to biological and chemical fertilizers, and salicylic acid under different irrigation treatments in Kerman shah province, Iran. The experiment was arranged as split-plot factorial based on randomized complete block (RCB) design with three replications. Treatments were 3 levels of water supply (irrigation after 60, 90 and 120 mm evaporation from class A pan) and 4 levels of fertilization (control, 100 kgha-1 Urea, Nitrokara and biofertilizer, and 50% Urea + Nitrokara) and foliar application of salicylic acid (0 and 1 mM). Increasing irrigation intervals led to significant reduction of leaves and nodes per plant, shoot dry weight, and oil content and yield of coriander seeds. However, root/shoot ratio increased as a result of water deficit. Application of nitrogen fertilizers, particularly 50% Urea and Nitrokara, had a positive and additive effect on number of leaves and nodes per plants, shoot dry weight, root/shoot ratio, and seed oil percentage and yield. On the other hand, plants treated with salicylic acid had higher shoot dry weight and seed oil content and yield compared with untreated plants. Therefore, the combined utilization of bio-fertilizer and salicylic acid can be recommended to improve the oil content and yield of coriander seeds under different water conditions.

Get the original articles in Source: Evaluation of some morphological traits and oil content of coriander seeds in response to bio-fertilizer and salicylic acid under water stress

Journal Name: Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences (JBES)

Published By: International Network for Natural Sciences