sasa

[testing1234545]

Install Apache 2.4, PHP 5.4 & PHP-APC on Amazon EC2 with Amazon Linux AMI

The following guide is a step by step tutorial on installing and configuring Apache 2.4, and PHP 5.4 (with APC) on an Amazon EC2 instance running Amazon Linux AMI. The procedure has been tested on Amazon Linux AMI, but should also apply in general to Fedora/Red Hat/CentOS distributions. Also, should you be interested in manually installing PHP APC straight from the PHP PECL library, please check this guide. A guide on installing the complete LAMP stack with MySQL is provided here.

 1. Install Linux updates, set time zones, followed by GCC and Make

sudo yum -y updatesudo ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/America/Indianapolis \ /etc/localtimesudo yum install -y gcc make gcc-c++

 2. Install Apache 2.4 httpd, PHP 5.4 and PHP extensions

sudo yum install -y httpd24 php54sudo yum install -y php54-devel php54-mysql php54-pdo php54-mbstring

sudo yum install -y php-pear

sudo pear install Logsudo yum install -y pcre-devel

sudo service httpd start

 3. Install PHP APC module

sudo yum install -y php54-pecl-apc

 4. Auto Start Apache in EC2 Amazon Linux

sudo /sbin/chkconfig --levels 235 httpd onsudo service httpd restart

 If this tutorial was helpful to you, then please do not forget to leave a comment, or two. :)

[testing1234545]

Installing and Configuring PostgreSQL and PostGIS on Amazon Linux

A step by step tutorial on installing and configuring PostgreSQL and PostGIS on an Amazon EC2 instance running Amazon Linux AMI. The procedure has been tested on Amazon Linux AMI, but should also apply in general to Fedora/Red Hat/CentOS distributions.

 1. Install Linux updates, set time zones, followed by GCC and Make

sudo yum -y updatesudo ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/America/Indianapolis \ /etc/localtimesudo yum install -y gcc make gcc-c++

 2. Install Readline and zlib libraries

sudo yum -y install readline-develsudo yum -y install zlib-devel

 3. Download and Install PostgreSQL database server

wget http://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v9.2.2/postgresql-9.2.2.tar.bz2bzip2 -d postgresql-9.2.2.tar.bz2tar -xf postgresql-9.2.2.tarcd postgresql-9.2.2

./configuregmakesudo gmake install

 4. Configure PostgreSQL database server

Create User:

sudo adduser postgressudo passwd postgres<Enter Password>

sudo mkdir /usr/local/pgsql/datasudo chown postgres /usr/local/pgsql/datasu - postgres/usr/local/pgsql/bin/initdb -D /usr/local/pgsql/data/usr/local/pgsql/bin/postgres -D /usr/local/pgsql/data >logfile 2>&1 &/usr/local/pgsql/bin/createdb test/usr/local/pgsql/bin/psql testexit

If you get a 'There are stopped jobs' message:

 logout

 5. Add Soundex ability

cd /home/ec2-user/postgresql-9.2.2/contrib/fuzzystrmatchmakesudo make install

 6. Login to PostgreSQL

su - postgresPassword:<type your password set in 4 above>/usr/local/pgsql/bin/psqlpsql (9.2.2)postgres=#

exit

 7. Make a directory for PostGIS

cd /home/ec2-user/mkdir postgis cd postgis

 8. Download and Install requirements for PostGIS Installation

a. Get Proj4 reprojection library (version 4.6.0 or greater)

wget http://download.osgeo.org/proj/proj-4.8.0.tar.gzgzip -d proj-4.8.0.tar.gztar -xvf proj-4.8.0.tarcd proj-4.8.0./configuremakesudo make install

 b. GEOS geometry library (version 3.2.2 or greater)

cd /home/ec2-user/postgiswget http://download.osgeo.org/geos/geos-3.3.7.tar.bz2bzip2 -d geos-3.3.7.tar.bz2tar -xvf geos-3.3.7.tarcd geos-3.3.7 ./configure make sudo make install

 c. LibXML2, (version 2.5.x or higher)

sudo yum -y install libxml2-devel

 d. JSON-C, (version 0.9 or higher)

cd /home/ec2-user/postgiswget http://oss.metaparadigm.com/json-c/json-c-0.9.tar.gzgzip -d json-c-0.9.tar.gztar -xvf json-c-0.9.tarcd json-c-0.9./configuremakesudo make install

 e. GDAL, (version 1.6 or higher)

cd /home/ec2-user/postgiswget http://download.osgeo.org/gdal/gdal-1.9.2.tar.gzgzip -d gdal-1.9.2.tar.gztar -xvf gdal-1.9.2.tarcd gdal-1.9.2./configuremakesudo make install

 9. Update Libraries

sudo suecho /usr/local/lib >> /etc/ld.so.confexit

 10. PostGIS installation

cd /home/ec2-user/postgiswget http://postgis.net/stuff/postgis-2.0.3SVN.tar.gzgzip -d postgis-2.0.3SVN.tar.gztar -xf postgis-2.0.3SVN.tarcd postgis-2.0.3SVN./configure --with-pgconfig=/usr/local/pgsql/bin/pg_config --with-rastermakesudo make install

 11. Build PostGIS Extensions and Deploy

cd extensions/postgismake cleanmakesudo make installcd ..cd postgis_topologymake cleanmakesudo make install

If this tutorial was helpful to you, then please do not forget to leave a comment, or two. :)

[testing1234545]

Installing and Using Putty on Mac (OS X)

Installing and using Putty on a Mac or OS X is extremely easy. The following steps have been tested on Mountain Lion (OS X 10.8.2) but should work on other versions as well. For references, I used this and this. Also, if you tried installing Putty before finding this guide and got errors such as:

Error: Gtk-WARNING **: cannot open display, orError: port selfupdate failed,

then please refer to points 10, 11, and 12 for solutions below.

 1. Download Xcode

This can be found at the Apple Developer Connection site, on your Mac OS X installation CDs/DVD, or in the Mac App Store.  

2. Install Command Line Tools for Xcode

Under Xcode:

Preferences -> Downloads -> Components -> Install 'Command Line Tools'

 3. Accept the Xcode EULA

Either launch Xcode or run:

xcodebuild -license

 4. Download and Install MacPorts

https://distfiles.macports.org/MacPorts/MacPorts-2.1.2-10.8-MountainLion.pkg

 5. Update MacPorts

Note: Make sure Xcode is fully installed.

sudo port -v selfupdate

 6. Install Putty

sudo port install putty

 7. Download and Install X11 (XQuartz)

http://xquartz.macosforge.org/landing/

 8. Run Putty

Type 'putty' into Terminal:

putty

This should open Putty in an X11 window.

 9. Desktop Shortcut for Putty

cp /opt/local/bin/putty ~/Desktop/PuTTY

 10. Note 1

Error: Gtk-WARNING **: cannot open display:

If you get the above warning, please make sure you are using XQuartz as your X11 Emulator. Then go ahead and either restart Mac or simply log out and log back in. That should resolve the issue.  

11. Note 2

Error: port selfupdate failed: Error installing new MacPorts base: shell command failed

If you get the above warning, please make sure you gave followed step 2 above. That would be:

Preferences -> Downloads -> Components -> Install 'Command Line Tools'

 12. Note 3

If your error involves Xcode 4.3 and installing Putty using

sudo port install putty

This error occurs because the command line tools are installed in a different folder. You can fix the problem by copying them to the normal path:

cp Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr/bin/* /usr/bin/

So these steps should allow you to install and use Putty on Mac and specifically, OS X 10.8. As always, if this was helpful to you, then please do not forget to leave a comment, or two. :)

[testing1234545]

Install and Setup Telnet on EC2 Amazon Linux or CentOS

Installing, configuring, and using Telnet on Amazon Linux and CentOS is very simple. The steps below outline the basic recipe for setting up a Telnet Server and a Telnet Client to make connections, perhaps on two Amazon EC2 machines running Amazon Linux AMI for example.

 1. Telnet Server Install

sudo yum -y install telnet-server

 2. Configure Telnet Server

Note: Please change the "disable = yes" setting to "disable = no" as shown below:

sudo nano /etc/xined.d/telnet

# default: on# description: The telnet server serves telnet sessions; it uses \# unencrypted username/password pairs for authentication.service telnet{ flags = REUSE socket_type = stream wait = no user = root server = /usr/sbin/in.telnetd log_on_failure += USERID disable = no}

 3. Auto Start Telnet Server on Start-up

sudo chkconfig xinetd onservice xinetd restart

 4. Telnet Client Connections

From Amazon Linux or CentOS:

sudo yum -y install telnet

telnet server-ip-address

From Windows:

C:\> telnet server-ip-address

And that's it! This should get you going with a telnet server and client. If this tutorial was helpful to you, then please do not forget to leave a comment, or two. :)

[testing1234545]

Install Redis on Windows

Installing and running Redis on Windows has been made so much easier with the release of Microsoft Open Technologies Inc.'s "Redis on Windows". Following steps will take you through the process of being able to do so. This guide uses Microsoft Visual Studio and if you have that installed, please move on to step two or else start from the first step. By the way, for installing Redis as a service on Amazon Linux/CentOS and Ubuntu, please take a look here and here respectively.

 1. Download Microsoft Visual Studio 2012 RC Installer

http://www.microsoft.com/visualstudio /11/en-us/downloads

There is really nothing special about the installation procedure. Just follow the prompts and give the installation a few minutes. The server will need to reboot a couple of times before the installation is complete however. Once installation is complete, start Microsoft Visual Studio and use the C++ component.  

2. Download Redis on Windows from Github

https://github.com/MSOpenTech/redis

Note: The file downloaded is MSOpenTech-redis-51804f1.zip1. Unzip the downloaded file from the github link.2. Copy the zipped file into the Visual Studioworking directory  

3. Using the Visual Studio 2012 RC to Build Redis

1. SelectFile -> Open -> Location of MSOpenTech-redis-51804f1 -> msvs -> RedisServer

Note: Once the project is selected, Microsoft Visual Studio might need to update itself. The process should not take more then a couple of minutes.

2. Select "Solution 'RedisServer' (6 projects)" in the Solution Explorer.3. Right Click and Select "Build Solution".

Once the build is complete, you should see something like this:

This should complete the install process of Redis on Windows.

 4. Start Redis Server Using Windows Command Prompt

1. Start -> "Search programs and files" -> Type cmd

Once the command prompt is open, please cd to the MSOpenTech-redis-51804f1 directory and then:

cd msvscd Debugredis-server.exe

This should start the Redis Server and you should see something like the following:

 5. Start Redis Command Line Interface 

In the ..\MSOpenTech-redis-51804f1\msvs\Debug directory:

redis-cli.exe

This should start the Redis Command Line Interface. So these steps should allow you to install and use the Redis-Server, and Redis Command Line on Windows. As always, if this tutorial was helpful to you, then please do not forget to leave a comment, or two. :)

[testing1234545]

Install Single Node Cassandra on Amazon EC2 Linux or CentOS

Installing Cassandra on a single node is a simple process involving creating directories as per the configuration file and setting appropriate file permissions. This guide specifically deals with the Cassandra installation process on Amazon Linux AMI or CentOS and uses Amazon EC2 to set-up the single node for testing.

 1. Install Linux updates, set time zones, followed by GCC and Make

sudo yum -y updatesudo ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/America/Indianapolis \ /etc/localtimesudo yum install -y gcc make

 2. Download, Untar, and Install Cassandra

Note: The mirror site and the Cassandra version can be updated from this link.

wget http://mirror.atlanticmetro.net/apache /cassandra/1.1.0/apache-cassandra-1.1.0-bin.tar.gz

tar -xzvf apache-cassandra-1.1.0-bin.tar.gz

sudo cp apache-cassandra-1.1.0 /opt

 3. Confirm Cassandra Configuration

Note: This is an important step, and helps confirm default configuration for Cassandra directories before their creation:

cd apache-cassandra-1.1.0cd config

nano cassandra.yaml

Confirm the directory settings for:

a. data_file_directoriesb. commitlog_directoryc. saved_caches_directory

 4. Create Appropriate Cassandra Directories and Set Permissions

sudo mkdir -p /var/lib/cassandra/datasudo mkdir -p /var/lib/cassandra/commitlogsudo mkdir -p /var/lib/cassandra/saved_cachessudo mkdir -p /var/log/cassandra

Set permissions:

sudo chown -R ec2-user:ec2-user /var/log/cassandra/sudo chown -R ec2-user:ec2-user /var/lib/cassandra/

 5. Start Cassandra

cd /opt/apache-cassandra-1.1.0bin/cassandra -f

And that's it! This should get you going with a single node Cassandra set-up. If this tutorial was helpful to you, then please do not forget to leave a comment, or two. :)

[testing1234545]

Create or Increase EBS Volume Size on Amazon EC2 Linux

This is a small step-by-step tutorial on creating or increasing an EBS volume size for Amazon EC2 Linux AMI.

 1. Create a New EBS Volume

This can be done in the following two ways:

a. Using AWS Management Console

Create Volumes (under EC2 tab)

Choose a size between 1 - 1024 GiBs for the new volume. As a side-note, the higher the capacity, the higher the average IO of the volume with the maximum IO achieved with a 1024 GiBs volume

Please remember to choose the same availability zone as the instance

After creating the new volume, select it, and then using the "Attach Volume" option, attach it to the instance of choice as /dev/sdh

b. Using Command Line Tools

ec2-create-volume [ --size size | --snapshot snapshot [--size size] ] --availability-zone zone

The various options for using this command can be found in this link.  

2. Create and Mount the File System on the EBS volume

sudo suyes | mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdhmkdir /mnt/new-ebs-locmount /dev/sdh /mnt/new-ebs-loc

Here, new-ebs-loc is a location of your choice on the new EBS disk/volume.  

3. Verify the New File System and Disk on the EBS volume

df -h

cat /proc/partitions

 4. In case the entire capacity of the new EBS volume is not recognized, try

sudo resize2fs /dev/sda1

If this tutorial was helpful to you, then please do not forget to leave a comment, or two. :)

[testing1234545]

Install PHP APC on Amazon EC2 Linux AMI or CentOS

Installing PHP APC is usually a two step process as seen in this earlier post using php-pecl-apc, but sometimes we might need to install APC manually. The following steps therefore, outline the procedure for installing APC from the PHP PECL library:

 1. Install Linux updates, set time zones, followed by GCC and Make

sudo yum -y updatesudo ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/America/Indianapolis \ /etc/localtimesudo yum install -y gcc make

 2. Install PHP and PHP extension to enable PHPIZE

sudo yum install -y phpsudo yum install -y php-devel

 3. Install PCRE-DEV

Note: This is an important step, and without installing PCRE-DEV, you will see errors related to "apc_regex" during MAKE such as:

error: 'apc_regex' has no member named 'preg'error: 'apc_regex' has no member named 'nreg'

sudo yum install -y pcre-devel

 4. Install Apache httpd

sudo yum -y install httpdsudo service httpd start

 5. Download Latest APC Version

wget http://pecl.php.net/get/APC

In this particular case, it downloaded APC 3.1.10

 6. Untar APC, and Compile the Extension

tar -xzf APC

In this particular case, it downloaded APC 3.1.10 so, 

cd APC-3.1.10phpize

 7. Configure and Make

./configure --enable-apc --enable-apc-mmap \ --with-apxs --with-php-config=/usr/bin/php-config

makemake install

In case you do not know the location of your php-config, run the command below:

whereis php-config

 8. Add APC Extension to PHP

sudo touch /etc/php.d/apc.inisudo echo "extension=apc.so" >> /etc/php.d/apc.ini;

 9. Restart Apache

sudo service httpd restart

 10. Verify APC Installed and Running

php -i | grep apc

 11. Install the APC Monitor

From the root of your APC download and installation folder:

mv apc.php /var/www/html/

This should allow you to monitor APC using:

www.your-domain.com/apc.php

If this tutorial was helpful to you, then please do not forget to leave a comment, or two. :)

[testing1234545]

Install Redis 2.6 as a Service on Ubuntu

This is a complete guide to installing and configuring Redis 2.6 as a service on Ubuntu. While these steps have been tested on Ubuntu Server 12.04, they should apply in general to other versions as well. Also, for a tutorial on installing Redis 2.6 as a service on Amazon EC2 Linux/CentOS and Windows, please click here and here respectively. Another tutorial on installing and using the C- client library for Redis, Hiredis is provided here.

 1. Install Ubuntu updates, set time zones, followed by GCC and Make

sudo apt-get updatesudo ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/America/Indianapolis \ /etc/localtimesudo apt-get -y install build-essential

 2. Install tcl8.5 for Redis

sudo apt-get -y install tcl8.5

 3. Download, Untar and Make Redis 2.6

wget http://redis.googlecode.com/files/redis-2.6.0-rc3.tar.gztar xzf redis-2.6.0-rc3.tar.gzcd redis-2.6.0-rc3makemake installmake test

 4. Create Directories and Move Redis Config File

sudo mkdir /etc/redissudo mv redis.conf /etc/redis/redis.conf

 5. Configure Redis.Conf

sudo nano /etc/redis/redis.conf

[..]daemonize yes[..]

[..]bind 127.0.0.1[..]

[..]dir /var/lib/redis[..]

 6. Download init Script, and Move Redis Server

From the Redis Directory:

cd srcwget https://raw.github.com/gist/1053791/880a4a046e06028e 160055406d02bdc7c57f3615/redis-serversudo mv redis-server /etc/init.d/redis-serversudo mv redis-cli /etc/init.d/redis-clisudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/redis-server

 7. Change Redis-Server Settings

nano /etc/init.d/redis-server

[..]DAEMON=/usr/local/bin/redis-server[..]

 8. Create Redis User and Log Files

sudo useradd redissudo mkdir -p /var/lib/redissudo mkdir -p /var/log/redissudo chown redis.redis /var/lib/redissudo chown redis.redis /var/log/redis

 9. Auto-Enable Redis-Server

sudo update-rc.d redis-server defaults

 10. Start Redis Server

sudo /etc/init.d/redis-server start

In general, the following commands can be used to start, stop, or restart redis-server:

sudo /etc/init.d/redis-server start (stop) (restart)

Or,

sudo service redis-server start (stop) (restart)

 11. And Finally, to Use Redis Command Line

cd /etc/init.d

./redis-cli

So that should get you started with Redis, Redis-Server, and Redis Command Line. As always, if this tutorial was helpful to you, then please do not forget to leave a comment, or two. :)

[testing1234545]

Installing & Using Hiredis, C Client Library for Redis

This tutorial shows how to install and use the C client library for Redis, Hiredis. The Hiredis library comes packaged with Redis (Redis/deps/Hiredis) and installs itself with Redis installation. If that is the case indeed, you can skip down to step# 5 below. However, if you are interested in only installing Hiredis perhaps as a remote client then please start from step# 1 below. The example uses the "KEYS" command in Redis to get all the keys stored in the database. However, the same syntax can be used to run any Redis command. Also, for a tutorial to install Redis 2.6 as a service on Amazon Linux or CentOS and Ubuntu, please click here and here respectively.

 1. Install Linux updates, set time zones, followed by GCC and Make

sudo yum -y updatesudo ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/America/Indianapolis \/etc/localtimesudo yum -y install gcc make

 2. Install Git

For Amazon Linux or Centos (and perhaps Red Hat and Fedora):

sudo yum -y install git

For Ubuntu:

sudo apt-get -y install git

 3. Clone Hiredis

git clone git://github.com/antirez/hiredis.git

 4. Make and Install

cd Hiredis

make && make install

 5. Create a Sample Connection File (connect.c) in the Hiredis directory

nano connect.c

#include <stdio.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <string.h>#include <time.h>#include "hiredis.h" int main(void) { redisReply *reply; long int i; // Start measuring time clock_t start = clock(); // For local connections:// redisContext *c = redisConnect("127.0.0.1", 6379);// For connections to a remote Redis server: redisContext *c = redisConnect ("ec2-**-**-***-**.compute-1.amazonaws.com", 6379); if (c->err) { printf("Error: %s\n", c->errstr); }else{ printf("Connection Made! \n"); }// Get all keys for testing reply = redisCommand(c, "keys %s", "*"); if ( reply->type == REDIS_REPLY_ERROR ) printf( "Error: %s\n", reply->str ); else if ( reply->type != REDIS_REPLY_ARRAY ) printf( "Unexpected type: %d\n", reply->type ); else { for ( i=0; ielements; ++i ){ printf( "Result:%lu: %s\n", i, reply->element[i]->str ); } } printf( "Total Number of Results: %lu\n", i ); // Output Elapsed time printf ( "%f Seconds\n", ( (double)clock() - start ) / CLOCKS_PER_SEC ); freeReplyObject(reply);}

 6. Compile and Execute

Using Make:

make ./hiredis-connect

./hiredis-connect

Using cc:

cc -o connect connect.c libhiredis.a

./connect

And thats it! We have just used Hiredis to connect with a Redis server and used the keys command to pull data. Hopefully, this helped you and if it indeed did, then please do not forget to leave a comment, or two. :)