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@reputatay: I was enchanted to meet you
Book Review: The Secret History
Rating: 4.2/5
Donna Tartt’s 1992 thriller begins the way that many coming-of-age novels do, with a discontented protagonist seeking to escape his hometown. Though the plot of The Secret History begins when its narrator Richard Papen leaves his hometown of Plano, California in favor of a Vermont college, this is where the story ceases to resemble the Dead Poets Society-type tales in which bonds of brotherhood are formed beneath a school’s ivied walls. The Secret History instead tinkers with these familiar tropes and contorts them to reveal the ugly underside of trust-fund boys and their hallowed institutions.
Though much beauty is found in The Secret History’s intricately haunting prose, this book distinguished itself most with its narrative of seemingly untouchable youths unraveling into vice. Tartt’s characters are introduced as worldly intellectuals, indulging in adult tastes and habits, but the novel’s progression reveals them to be scarcely more than children masquerading as what they are not. The action of the plot, which may be critiqued as predictable, is redeemed by these two engaging elements.
The Need of the Greyhounds
Sixty-nine percent. Beyond a simple majority, that is the percentage of Floridian voters who voted yes on Amendment 13, abolishing greyhound racing, a practice that flourished here in comparison to the five other states with operating tracks. The eleven tracks in Florida that currently race greyhounds will phase out their dogs by 2020. As the racing ceases, there will be a displacement of retired racers, dogs for whom we must work to guarantee their welfare. With the same solidarity that we took to the polls in favor of the greyhounds’ release, we must mobilize to assist organizations that aid the former racers.
Though debate still exists as to the legitimacy of the claims of cruelty in the dog racing industry, the fact is that we the people have decided that racing is antiquated and due for retirement. This decision to abolish racing will result in the destruction of a massive industry, even if it is a hated one.
According to Cindy Boren of the Washington Post, the shuttering of racing will result in roughly 6,000 dogs needing homes. This sum comes from the 15,000 dogs who according to ESPN’s John Barr are currently racing or training in Florida, several thousand of whom will be sent to race in other states.
This pending displacement of the greyhounds is exacerbated by the fact that the racing industry financially upheld adoption groups and rescues. As stated by the American Greyhound Council, industry organizations have donated roughly $2 million to adoption efforts for transport, education, and training. This aid was so significant that some adoption groups opposed Amendment 13, with the Orlando Sentinel accusing industry bigwigs of threatening to limit the number of dogs or money sent to rescues supporting the measure.
Regardless of the validity of this claim, rescues and the dogs themselves will soon face instability in the wake of a significant decrease in funding. Because of this, we should make efforts to alleviate the burden placed on rescues and ultimately the greyhounds. Such efforts can take the form of the adoption or sponsorship of specific dogs, or of donating to rescue groups.
Any efforts that we make will improve this transition for the dogs we wished to liberate. There is existing difficulty because of the former magnitude and financial aid of the racing industry in Florida, but by adopting, donating to rescues, and sponsoring dogs, we can expect the influx of thousands of displaced dogs to become a nonissue. Sixty-nine percent of us stood for what we felt to be right when we voted. Let that number increase as we assist greyhounds and their rescuers to ease the burden of our decision.
(pic: Elite Greyhound Rescue of South Florida)
Bay of Pride
12/13/17
WHAT IS THE COST OF INTEGRITY?
As I sit here, my post of the third seat from the left, I remember how much of high school has been the same. Going somewhere as small as St. Mary’s, I’ve never had to wrest myself from Ms. Klein’s impassioned history lectures or Madame Rousseau’s bird-song in the form of French. However, you, Mr. Martelli, are most important among my unvaried set of teachers. It was your class that provided me with the answer that your whiteboard implores of me to know. As surely as your angry capitalized print reads like a litigator in the courtroom of my head, I will tell you that your class has implanted in me the only change from the girl I was freshman year. Because of your class, I have learned the exorbitant cost of integrity.
On a December day all too similar to this one, I sat in my aforementioned post, a stockinged foot rocking from heel to ball, just as it indubitably is now. Despite feeling reptilian glares boring into my neck and the side of my face, I continued filling the lines of my journal with thoughts on my favorite movies or other nonsense typical of the freshman journal prompts.
This rhythm remained uninterrupted until your wall phone chimed with its tired brr-brr, a sound that had been exhausted at some point after its installation in 1987. Mr. Martelli, you graciously did not glance at me as you lumbered to the phone. After pleasantries were exchanged with the school secretary, you could no longer prevent yourself from indicating that I, Vera Lane, had been requested in Mrs. Lawrence’s office.
Mr. Martelli, I wonder if you recall how I refused to glance back at those eyes that had stung holes along my skin. Instead, I embarked on my trek to Judgement Day— two, four, six, eight steps at a time.
I reached Mrs. Lawrence’s office after I had counted to thirty-eight. When my breath caught at my trachea, stifled by the sight of certificates and portraits, I knew that for the sole purpose of delaying this meeting, a larger number would have been preferable. Aside from artifacts evidencing a living woman, the office looked like an estate sale. Its furniture was of a grandmother’s chintz that failed to enliven the bitter surfaces. It was a too neat room that felt like it had already been drenched in formaldehyde.
Just as I felt deadly stiffness to be overtaking my limbs, in stepped Mrs. Lawrence. Her tweed pant suit complemented the office’s dreary atmosphere in its vibrant hue of beige. Her countenance was characterized by a lipstick smile that more closely resembled that of a character of Madame Tussaud’s than one belonging to a breathing being.
Reality was not received by my senses until her chirping voice ruined the illusion of a statue. “Vera,” she greeted. “It is important that we discuss some things before you return to Mr. Martelli’s.”
My outward reply was a nod. My inward one was a series of questions about how I was at all a guilty party, complicit in some nameless deed. I followed rules so ritualistically that I even flossed nightly. People who floss cannot be sent to the principal’s office.
“I appreciate the fact that you stepped forth with this information on your classmates’ cheating. It is important that people uphold the standards of this school.”
“But?” I challenged, impatience swelling with the beat of my heart.
“But it appears that your classmates find themselves belittled as a result of your arrogance about your success in this subject.”
“Maybe if they didn’t cheat, their abilities could at least parallel mine,” I retorted, attempting to tame the impudence in my voice.
“Miss Lane, surely you know that attitude is precisely why you are not in your class right now.”
Mrs. Lawrence was right. I, like everyone else in third period English, recognized that I had taken a nice morning stroll into the principal’s office so that my short remarks towards classmates may be discussed, as well as the allegations I had made against those very people about the dishonesty of their work.
Yet I still know, Mr. Martelli, that you of all people would understand that it felt incumbent upon me to defend both the esteem of all classrooms and the sense of my own actions. The pressure was such that I abandoned all semblances of politeness.
“So, it is my own fault that students cannot use the six or seven brain cells that they have? Honestly, if I say anything to them in class, I do so in hopes of helping them.”
Pushing her glasses farther up on her hooked nose, Mrs. Lawrence at least conducted a guise of pondering my words. “I believe that, Vera. However, it is critical that you maintain friendships with your classmates.”
Mrs. Lawrence may not have been privy to this fact as she spent her days in this morgue rather than the classrooms, but everyone knows that my position on that day was rooted in the fact that I was the best of friends with Sadie and Luxe. You, Mr. Martelli, know that they essentially betrayed me by dissimulating their roles as dissolute cheaters.
“In my own eyes, I was protecting my friends from becoming worse people. They were at the center of this nebula of cheating, and they weren’t just any friends. Sadie and Luxe were my very best friends.”
“Miss Lane, I think the past tense of ‘were,’ might be the key to why you are here,” Mrs. Lawrence considered aloud.
I studied the mauve shadow of lips on the principal’s white St. Mary’s coffee mug. The stirring of dread as a viscous goo seemed to cease.
“Mrs. Lawrence, what exactly are you suggesting that I do?” My voice hardly constituted a breath when those words were said. They were said with a hope that was curiously found in something other than aspiring to chop length from this meeting.
Mrs. Lawrence began by calling the classroom, a step that forced Mr. Martelli’s wall phone to steel itself for yet another sorry ring. In the interim between the implementation of this action and its consequence, she discussed her newly decided upon method.
“Vera, because I do care for you and your wellbeing, I will not require you to apologize to your whole class. I feel that would be an embarrassment to you. Instead, I’d like to have you begin a more intimate process of penitence,” proposed Mrs. Lawrence with a flash of brilliance in her grey eyes.
There soon was the clatter of a door opening. Two, four, six, eight— so sounded two sets of high heeled boots against linoleum floors. Luxe and Sadie then placed themselves in the low stools sandwiching my own, their long legs drawn nearly up to their chins. Though we often referred to ourselves as being sisters, there was only resentment in the glances we exchanged.
The office that had engendered such thick, overwhelming sensations of demise then seemed elevated, no longer a place of death but a home where friends may be. I had somehow mistaken the distinct aromas of coffee and carefully selected lilies for that of formaldehyde. A forgiveness was born with a pink skin of revived friendship, and it would not exist without Mrs. Lawrence’s methods for exacting discipline.
Mr. Martelli, though this was a narrative that was inserted where a simple sentence might have sufficed, I want you to know that I do have an answer that may placate the imaginary litigator that is your handwriting. Prideful “integrity” is initially paid for by experiencing abandonment. I was cleaved from Sadie and Luxe; I was submerged in a Bay of Pride, face-down as a modern Ophelia. This initial cost was followed by a rather salubrious payment of my pride. I had essentially been dragged from your class, but in doing this, Mrs. Lawrence tossed a rope for me into that Bay. I therefore say that the cost of true, unadulterated integrity is pride.
In my noble pursuit of unblemished honesty, I resembled the proverbial men of whom Jesus was so fond as teaching devices. I had reached complacently for the speck in my classmates’ eyes while ignoring the plank in my own. True integrity was when I was honest enough to realize my error, just as Sadie and Luxe reciprocated with their own awareness.
Mr. Martelli, you may have even forgotten that brief rift in my sisterhood with the two girls who sit in the second and fourth seats from the left, but that is only because forgiveness is so readily born out of integrity. This December day, I sit in the same seat with knowledge that I can resolve whatever conflicts I face as long as I am no longer seeking to isolate others. I still have classmates who could never pretend to care as much as I do, but I subdue my contempt for their apathy. I react to others with a goal to serve and love, or at least I hope that I do. I found a Hall of Beginnings on an earlier December day, and I chose to accept the call it sang for me.
I, Vera Lane, revitalized love and diminished pride by paying for integrity. I thought I was getting into trouble when I was summoned away from class, but that only began my ascent into what I feel to be good. Forgiveness was born through this series of events. Its place of birth? Mr. Martelli, I told you already that it happened in a principal’s office I thought to be an estate sale.
Marilyn Monroe: Belonging
Veiled instability has never been so well captured as it was in the mid-20th century by a woman who seemed to be coiffed, jubilant, and successful, while also bearing what was perhaps the most enviable physical form in a generation. The woman skillfully rendering these facades was Marilyn Monroe, the blonde bombshell who captured hearts that varied from film producers to the president of the United States. In the throes of her manic-depressive disorder, Marilyn Monroe possessed a desperation to be loved and to belong to someone that was never satisfied within her lifetime. In the years since her death, the image she cultivated in Hollywood now experiences that belonging as Marilyn Monroe’s likeness and personality have become inescapable facets of countless new and popular works.
Norma Jean Baker, the girl who would become Marilyn Monroe, spent the first twelve years of her life engaged in a nomadism supervised by Grace McKee, a friend of her mentally ill mother. Having circulated through upwards of ten foster homes that McKee selected, Norma Jean developed her need for affection and recognition that would linger in her adulthood.
This desire that blossomed at a young age was chiefly one for parental figures. Though there were many adults in Norma Jean’s life, all of them firmly spurned her eagerness to have them as role models. These adults acted as parents do-- keeping her in their homes, clothing her, and feeding her-- but they always iterated to Norma Jean that she did have a mother. The girl cherished this knowledge that she was not truly an orphan, but it was far too apparent to her that she could not have a wholesome relationship with her institutionalized mother.
As Norma Jean matured, a substitute for that craved parental connection emerged. As early as the age of twelve, Norma Jean capitalized from the asset that was her physique. She basked in the attention of catcallers and passersby. The allure of Norma Jean’s appearance enhanced her romantic life, and, more importantly, served to alleviate her need for recognition as it equipped her for her earliest work as a model.
Norma Jean slowly began to fade in the radiance of a new identity as she further immersed herself in the entertainment industry. After a 1946 screen test that 20th Century Fox cinematographer Leon Shamroy praised for its frames that “radiated sex,” Norma Jean Baker signed a contract with the studio for $75 a week that henceforth christened her Marilyn Monroe.
In contrast to Norma Jean, Marilyn Monroe was platinum blonde and had a cartilage implant in her chin that beautified her close-ups. She constructed an image around the contradictions of sex and innocence, allowing her body to communicate the former and her face the latter. Humor, glamour, and a touch of daftness complemented the paradoxical appeal that she offered.
Despite an unrelenting effort to reverse some of the more negative parts of this image in favor of that of a “serious actress,” this is the Marilyn Monroe who now belongs to American culture as one of its immortal figures. Audiences ravenously consumed the thirty films that Monroe made in her fourteen-year career, bolstering the glory in which she now rests.
The crowning feature of Monroe’s posthumous adoration is her sultry, feminine exterior that initially launched her into the film industry. Marilyn Monroe established a dependably sexy combination of hair and makeup that Elle writer Victoria Dawson Hoff listed as one of “The 9 Most Copied Beauty Looks in Awards Show History,” as current blonde stars like Christina Aguilera, Taylor Swift, and Lady Gaga have donned her signature swept hair, red lips, and heavily lined eyes. Marilyn Monroe’s likeness is also routinely used as a marketing strategy, making appearances in advertisements for brands like Chanel and Dior.
The American people still indulge in a fascination with the woman herself as fictional and nonfictional content about her life is consistently produced. A new biography has been written about the actress virtually every year since 2000, and many people who knew her personally also wrote about her. Famous examples of this include After the Fall, Arthur Miller’s dramatization of his marriage to Monroe, and My Week with Marilyn, a hotly disputed account of Monroe’s alleged affair with an assistant director.
A far stronger attachment is held not to learning of Marilyn Monroe’s emotional core as one might in biographies, but to seeing more representations of the bombshell personality by whom audiences sixty years ago were so enraptured. Audiences were reacquainted with a flirty jewel-seeking blonde after Madonna’s famous pastiche of Monroe’s “Diamonds are a Girl’s Best Friend” routine in her “Material Girl” music video. Television shows often borrow Monroe’s memorable persona for purposes that range wildly from a simple musical number on Fox’s teen dramedy Glee to the elaborate plot of casting the perfect Marilyn in a Broadway musical on NBC’s Smash.
It is true that Marilyn Monroe, being claimed as an integral piece of pop culture, is unforgettable. The Marilyn Monroe of American culture is warm, coquettish, and “glowing,” as Nancy Sinatra felt the actress to be in person. Though this is the Marilyn Monroe who belongs to everyone, such a description would be a minimization of all the other pieces of her that were not kept with that ideal. Despite Marilyn Monroe’s likeness and on-screen personality now experiencing belonging, the whole woman is not accepted and remembered.
Monroe often acted in a way that is seldom reported due to its deviance from the ditzy yet loveable image she projected. Less desirable or alluring aspects of the real Marilyn Monroe have been cast away, being undermined and neglected by Monroe herself, and not belonging to the film legend who dominates American beauty and culture today. Among these forgotten aspects is the immense kindness Monroe extended to each person she encountered while well, the force that motivated her to call Isidore Miller, Arthur Miller’s father, every week even after she and his son divorced. Described by How to Marry a Millionaire co-star Lauren Bacall as “having no meanness in her-- no bitchery,” Monroe had a vulnerability and a frank, good-natured desire to do well that together served as some of her greatest, yet least appreciated assets.
As Monroe’s manic-depressive disorder worsened, overwhelming anxiety, perfectionism, and insecurity drew the life out of the beloved figure. She died believing that she was unloved, not belonging to anyone, whether that someone was a parent or a lover. Time has disproven this erroneous belief of hers, as her appearance and persona have appeared in film, television, and other media, proving her belonging as a paragon of American beauty. Monroe does now belong as she might never have dreamed she would, and yet it is only the surface that belongs, a cherished veneer shielding seldom remembered traits of a little girl named Norma Jean.