The New Topographics: Photographs of Man-altered Landscapes
Taking a step or two back (and often slightly elevated) from Frank and the street, urban landscape photography seems to take a welcomed cat-nap from the the hectic, intimate spontaneity of city life, gaining a more reflective and meditative view of urban existence.
The photographers associated with The New Topographics challenged traditional conventions of urban (and rural) landscape photography - both the candid, snap shot street-style aesthetic of Frank et al and the idealised romanticized view of city life pursued by the photographic elite such as Alfred Stieglitz and Paul Strand.
Instead they brought a more balanced and objective view to the genre, focusing on humanities role in creating, shaping and continually developing the urban and rural landscape in which they lived. Human activity is central to their work, but is often inferred rather than direct.
Photographers such as Lewis Baltz, Robert Adams and Frank Gohlke focused their attention on the ruthless banality of suburban existence and its never-ending monotonous expansion and encroachment on to the rural landscape of the US; the generic buildings of home, commerce and industry converging human culture into one rather large yawning chasm of sameness; documenting the gradual shift within the US from urban-industry to a service-orientated economy (Rohrbach, 2010).
For the ‘negotiating the city’ project, I’m interested in how technology is changing the landscape and culture within ‘the city’, not directly in terms of the physical distribution of buildings and people who inhabit urban spaces, but indirectly in terms of technology replacing or providing access to many of the functions traditionally associated with the city, fulfilling many fundamental human needs such as employment, entertainment, social interaction etc.
From this perspective the boundaries of cities no longer exist, since the services they provide can be accessed anywhere in the world at any time. As a consequence technology is re-defining and changing the concept of city and the urban landscape and culture associated with ‘the city’. If I am to negotiate the city I really want to understand what I am negotiating first.
Keeping to the vernacular approach adopted by the New Topographic photographers, I aim to try and understand the changing concept of the city on the landscape where I live, which is not ‘the city’ or the USA, but rural Derbyshire, England.
Bibliography
Bright, S. (2011) Art Photography Now. Expanded Edition. London: Thames & Hudson
Clarke, G (1997) The Photograph. Oxford: Oxford University Press
Rohrbach, J. et al (2010) Reframing the new topographics. University of Chicago Press