Patterns in Arabic : part 2
[patterns in Arabic : part1]
Lesson plan : in this lesson, we will be exploring the patterns of different nouns, and this time we will start by giving more examples on how to find the patterns for more complex cases : such as cases with omissions and the infamous four lettered roots. I’ve added audio files for all Arabic words between [brackets] to help you pronounce the words.
I. More complicated verbs
Let’s practice a bit with something more challenging this time.
Example for more complicated verbs (this verb means to isolate oneself)
Step 2 – compare it to our unit of reference
And bam! You got the pattern!
The pattern for the word [يعتزل] is [يفتعل ].
Let’s use a more complicated word, like the noun [الاستنتاجات ] (conclusions)
Keep in mind that the word and its pattern should rhyme, so read the word and its pattern out loud to double check.
And this is how you got the pattern.
The pattern for the word [الاستنتاجات ] is [الاستفعالات ] .
II. Omissions from the scale
We’ve discussed additions to the roots, then how do the omissions work?
You guessed it, it’s exactly the same principle but the other way around, instead of adding letters, we will just remove them.
Let’s take another example : the word [صِفَةُ ] (this word means adjective or description), and use the three steps we spoke of before.
When we compare them, notice how the letter in blue (i.e. the فـ of the word) has been omitted: when we passed from the root [وصف ] to the word [صفة ].
The pattern for the word [صِفَة ]is [عِلَة].
Although these words are less frequent in Arabic, but we should still mention them here.There are letters with roots that are over 4 letters but they’re very rare.
We need a new unit of reference for four lettered roots, and that is
Then we compare it to our unit of reference for four lettered roots
Finally, add the missing letters in the word [المهندسات] to the pattern [فعلل ]. Use the colors as a guide to help you see where the missing letters will go.
[here’s an audio to help you see how these two words rhyme].
The pattern for the word يتدحرج is يتفعلل, and the pattern for the word المهندسات is المفعللات.
Other four lettered roots:
[زَلْزَلَ ] (to shake violently)
[جَلْجَلَ ] (to make a loud noise)
[صَنْدَقَ ] (to put in a box)
[تَرْجَمَ ] (to translate)
[فَلْفَلَ ](to add pepper to something)
Now that we’ve set the base, we can finally get to the applications in the third and final part of this lesson.
Next time -inshallah- we will learn:
How to use the pattern to derive nouns?
How to use these patterns to understand verb patterns?
What’s the link between Arabic poetry and patterns?
2087
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