Anzac Memory @anzaccorneille-blog - Tumblr Blog

Me: -eating ANZAC biscuit for breakfast- Mum: Why are you eating cookies for breakfast? Me: They are not cookies they are ANZAC biscuits! Mum: And? Me: PATRIOTISM! Mum: It’s not even ANZAC day?!

The Anzac Bridge

The Anzac bridge is an 8-lane cable-stayed bridge located in Sidney.

The bridge was given its current name on Remembrance Day in 1998 to honour the memory of the soldiers of the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (known as Anzacs) who served in World War I. An Australian Flag flies atop the Eastern pylon and a New Zealand Flag flies atop the Western pylon.

Claire CHARBOIS and Sandra LIENART

On Friday 24th and Saturday 25th April 2015, there was a celebration in Northern France for the 100th Anniversary of Gallipoli organized by The Gurkha Welfare Trust Jersey , a charity association for veterans.

Claire CHARBOIS and Sandra LIENART

Here is a little movie about the last Anzac : Alec William Campbell

Hope you’ll enjoy it!

Further information on Anzac

Numerous artworks have been made to honor the ANZAC soldiers ever since 1918. These creations pay tribute to the diggers’ lives during that period. For example, The Landing at Gallipoli, painted by George Lambert. There are also plenty of interesting museums like The Australian War Memorial, The National Anzac Centre and The Western Australian Museum.

Sites: http://www.nationalanzaccentre.com.au/visit http://aso.gov.au/titles/collections/gallipoli-on-film/ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KpgzuVuHg1U http://www.anzacday.org.au/education/childhood/explanation.htm https://www.awm.gov.au/ http://www.nationalanzaccentre.com.au/

Books: « L’Australie et la Grande Guerre », written by Deidre GILFEDDER, Arcadia, october 2015. « Anzac Biscuit », written by Phil Cummings and illustrated by Owen Swan. « Do not forget Australia », written by Sally Murphy and Illustrated by Sonia Kretschmar, March 1, 2012.

Damien COLIN and Raphaël BARBET

#more information

The Key Figures

From the beginning (1914) to the end (1918) of WWI, casualties kept increasing. So at the end of the war, more than 9,000,000 people died, and 17,000,000 were wounded. 1,8 million Russians died during this war, Russia was the most affected country. France, Great Britain, also lost a lot of soldiers and civilians.

During one of the most important battles, the battle of the Somme, 627,400 allied were killed, among them, 23,000 Australians, 360,000 from Britain and Ireland, 200,000 French, 3,000 from South Africa.

In total, 417,000 Australians enlisted (38% of the male population!), 61,700 died, 156,000 were wounded.

Hugo MORI and Leo SARDELLAS

#key Figures

Anzac Day in France

In the North of France, a battle took place during WW1 in Villers-Bretonneux. To commemorate this battle where Australian soldiers were killed, French authorities built a memorial. This memorial is composed of a tower and the cross of sacrifice. 10,773 names of soldiers are graved on each side of the tower, with other inscriptions, written both in French and English. On every 25th April, Australian Prime Minister and French authorities meet in Villers-Bretonneux to commemorate the death of thousands of Australian soldiers.

Arthur LEMORZELEC and Antoine CLAVAL

#anzac day

Australian soldiers fallen in the Fromelles battle

On July 19th and 20th 1916 the British and the Australian soldiers were sent to Fromelles where the Germans were hidden. The mission failed and lots of soldiers died (3,500 British and Australians). In Fromelles, we found corpses because at that time when they didn't have time to dig a grave for the soldiers, they only put them all in a huge hole. They decided to build a statue showing the soldiers’ fraternity. Today Australians can come to Fromelles to honour the soldiers who died.

Australian soldiers by Eleonore BLAZY

Dorian WEPPE and Louis ABOU FARAH

#battle of fromelles

Life in the trenches

Daily chores : At sunrise, the soldiers cleaned latrines, or filled sandbags. Between each chore, they found time for recreation, such as reading. As often as they could, they wrote letters to their families.

Dangerous night activities : At sunset, the soldiers would come out of their trenches to go and repair the barbed wire, or dig new trenches. Others patrolled to spy on the enemies and tried to capture them.

Rats and lice : Rats and lice bothered soldiers day and night. Huge rats which were attracted by food, spread diseases. Doctors identified lice as responsible for “trench fever”, which caused headaches and muscle aches to soldiers.

The fear of death : The soldiers often felt powerless facing sudden death. The inability to defend themselves against shells or snipers and the constant difficulties of life in the trenches caused excessive stress and exhaustion.

Picture of the Australian Second Division, taken in Walroy.

Alice DUPUCH and Manon ROCHEDY

#life in the trenches

Anzac Day

ANZAC Day is celebrated in the memory of the battle of Gallipoli. It is an important day for the Australians and New-Zealanders.

Do you know what ANZAC means? Australia and New Zealand Army Corps. Anzac Day is celebrated on April 25th every year. Anzac symbols are the poppy, the “rising sun” (Australian army badge) and the “slouch hat”.

The red poppy is the most famous symbol to commemorate the ANZAC soldiers. Poppies grew on the battlefields. On ANZAC Day everybody wears a poppy paper.

Justine TERASSON, Léa TAIS and Sophie ZAPALOWICH

#anzac day

Tales of John Simpson Kirkpatrick

John (Jack) Simpson Kirkpatrick (6 July 1892 – 19 May 1915), who served under the name John Simpson, was a stretcher bearer with the 1st Australian Division during the Gallipoli Campaign in World War I. After landing at Anzac Cove on 25 April 1915, Simpson began to use donkeys to provide first aid and carry wounded soldiers to the beach, for evacuation. Simpson and the donkeys continued this work for three and a half weeks, often under fire, until they got killed, during the third attack on Anzac Cove. The donkeys were named Duffy n°1, Duffy n°2, Murphy, Queen Elizabeth and Abdul. "Simpson and his donkeys" are a part of the "Anzac legend".

Donkey by Eleonore BLAZY

You can print it and color it!

Tanguy SCHMITTLIN and Timothé JACQUES

#johnsimpson

Gallipoli landing and remembrance as seen by the Turks

Every year more than 15,000 Australian, New Zealander and British people visit the Gallipoli peninsula which is called Gelibolu by the Turks. Most of them come to follow the steps of their ancestors or of the soldiers who fought during the battle of Gallipolli. With substantial losses on each side whether they were ANZAC or Turkish soldiers, this has become a historical event that will remain in the minds forever. It is commemorated on April 25th for the Australians and New Zealanders and on March 15th for the Turks. It represents a turning point in Turkey's history : it was the beginning of a new regime, the republic of Turkey 8 years later under Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. To preserve the memory of the fallen soldiers, several memorials and cemeteries can be found in Turkey (Chunuk Bair New Zealand Memorial and cemetery, and Lone Pine Memorial) and in Australia and New Zealand (Atatürk Memorial in Wellington, Kemal Atatürk Memorial in Canberra for example).

Lara CAHA and Eleonore BLAZY

#Gallipoli Turks

The Battle of Gallipoli

The battle of Gallipoli took place in Turkey and began on 25th April 1915. Winston Churchill, the first Lord of the Admiralty, wanted to take over the strait of Dardanelles, a detroit linking the Mediterranean Sea to the Black Sea. He wanted to force the Ottoman Empire to surrender.

It was very hard to launch such a difficult operation and keep the surprise effect. Indeed, 80,000 men (French, British, Australian, New Zealander soldiers) would attack on different beaches.

Unfortunately, maybe because of strong currents or a navigation error, the ANZAC arrived on the wrong beach. This beach was edged with cliffs, whereas it was expected to be flat to ease the fight. The Turkish enemies were already on the beach, and the fight was very violent and long. Besides it was very hot, the bodies of soldiers smelled terrible, soldiers could not wash, …

It drove the Diggers (nickname given to Australian soldiers) insane. The heaps of corpses attracted a lot of flies which brought dysentery (a very serious gastroenteritis).

Finally, the battle of Gallipoli cost 8,000 dead, 20,000 wounded and 64,000 convalescents. Because of these alarming figures, the beach was deserted on 9th January 1916.

Battle of Gallipoli’s map.

Alice HARALAMBON and Mélanie GIBERT

#BattleofGallipoli

“Digger” What does it mean ?

“Diggers” is the nickname that was given to Australian soldiers during World War 1. The same way as the “Poilus” for the French or the “Tommies” for the British soldiers.

During the war, the soldiers dug trenches that’s why they were compared to the gold diggers from the 19th century. This name appeared after an order by Sir Ian Hamilton: “ dig, dig, dig until you’re safe”.

Link the numbers!

Astrid NILSON and Laura DUBIBE

#Diggers

The Black Diggers

The Black Diggers were black Australian soldiers during the first world war.

They were more than 1,000 volunteers in the army and auxiliary services. But we don't know exactly how many they were because the Aborigines were not officially allowed to enlist. In fact they lied about their origins or their place of residence.

In the army they had the same conditions as the other soldiers and were welcomed whereas when they returned at home they suffered from discrimination. Besides they were denied material compensation and symbolic acknowledgment.

Nowadays many memorials are dedicated to the Black Diggers.

Julie PAYN and Magali BONNOT

#BlackDiggers

The ANZAC Volunteers

They were between 18 and 45 years old, and were 52,000 volunteers to defend their countries, New Zealand and Australia. These volunteers had to be at least 1.67 m, had to have a good eyesight and good teeth: it seems that the army biscuits are hard as a rock ... The stories of the atrocities made in Belgium and Northern France led them to enlist. Some preferred to escape poverty and earn a little money for their families. Others saw it as an opportunity to travel and go on an adventure! By the end of 1915 the number of soldiers was insufficient and the government imposed conscription.

ANZAC Biscuits

These iconic biscuits were originally made to be sent to the ANZACs (Australian and New Zealand Army Corps) serving in Gallipoli.

Ingredients :

85g porridge oat

85g desiccated coconut

100g plain flour

100g caster sugar

100g butter

plus extra butter for greasing

1 tbsp golden syrup

1 tsp bicarbonate of sod

Method :

- Heat oven to 180C/fan 160C/gas 4. Put the oats, coconut, flour and sugar in a bowl. Melt the butter in a small pan and stir in the golden syrup. Add the bicarbonate of soda to 2 tbsp boiling water, then stir into the golden syrup and butter mixture.

- Make a well in the middle of the dry ingredients and pour in the butter and golden syrup mixture. Stir gently to incorporate the dry ingredients.

- Put dessertspoonfuls of the mixture on to buttered baking sheets, about 2.5cm/1in apart to allow room for spreading. Bake in batches for 8-10 mins until golden. Transfer to a wire rack to cool.

Source : http://www.bbcgoodfood.com/recipes/3803/anzac-biscuits

Sasha PINOT and Marine MERSCH

#ANZACVolunteers

Australian Soldiers

Australian soldiers wore a tunic, known as the «jacket service dress» with kaki breeches.

Because the breeches were short, they covered their legs from ankle to knee with a spiral of wollen cloth called puttees.

Under their tunic, they had a soft grey flannel shirt, and on their feet, a pair of tan ankle-boots.

Of course, we can't miss their special hat, tucked up on the left side to let them wear their rifle on their left shoulder, with a fur lining.

Australian soldier by Eleonore BLAZY

Eleonore MOURA and Arthur PETITZON

#AustralianSoldiers

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