Accent - way of pronunciation particular to a speaker or group of speakers
Americentrism - the bias to judge other cultures and nations by American standards or to assume a higher relevance of American standards than those of other countries
Bilingual - a person who is able to speak two languages
Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR), The - a guideline used to describe achievements of learners of foreign languages across Europe and, increasingly, in other countries
Constructed language (conlang) - a language whose phonology, grammar, and vocabulary have been consciously devised for human or human-like communication instead of having developed naturally
Cultural appropriation - the adoption or use of the elements of one culture by members of another culture
Dead language - a language that is no longer the native language of any community even if it is still in use
Dialect - a variety of a language that is distinguished from other varieties of the same language by features of phonology, grammar, and vocabulary, and by its use by a group of speakers who are set off from others geographically or socially
Endangered language - a language that is at risk of falling out of use as its speakers die out or shift to speaking another language
Eurocentrism - centered on Europe or Europeans (in langblr community: European languages, especially those of the Indo-European language family)
Extinct language - a language that no longer has any speakers
Fluent - able to speak or write smoothly, easily, or readily
Foreign language - any language used in a country other than one’s own
Heritage language - the language someone learns at home as a child which is a minority language in a society, but because of growing up with a dominant language, the speaker seems more competent in the latter and feels more comfortable communicating in that language; the language of a person’s family or community, which the person does not speak or understand but with which they culturally identify
Indigenous language - a language that is native to a region and spoken by indigenous people, often reduced to the status of a minority language
Idiom - an expression whose meaning is not predictable from the usual meanings of its constituent elements or from the general grammatical rules of a language and that is not a constituent of a larger expression of like characteristics
Language family - a group of languages related through descent from a common ancestral language or parental language, called the proto-language of that family
Language isolate - a natural language with no demonstrable genealogical relationship with other languages, one that has not been demonstrated to descend from an ancestor common with any other language
Langblr - a tumblr blog for languages
Linguistics - the science of language, including phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, pragmatics, and historical linguistics
Linguist - a specialist in linguistics
Lingblr - a tumblr blog for linguistics
Minoritized language - a language that has suffered marginalization, persecution or even ban at some point in its history
Minority language - a language spoken by a minority of the population of a territory
Monolingual - a person who is able to speak only one language
Multilingual - a person who is able to speak several languages
Native language (mother tongue, first language, L1) - a language that a person has been exposed to from birth
Philology - the study of language in written historical sources; a combination of literary criticism, history, and linguistics
Philologist - a specialist in philology
Polyglot - a person who speaks, writes, or reads a number of languages
Proverb - a short popular saying, usually of unknown and ancient origin, that expresses effectively some commonplace truth or useful thought
Racism - a belief or doctrine that inherent differences among the various human racial groups determine cultural or individual achievement, usually involving the idea that one’s own race is superior and has the right to dominate others or that a particular racial group is inferior to the others
Sacred language (liturgal language, holy language) - any language that is cultivated and used primarily in religious service or for other religious reasons by people who speak another language in their daily life
Sign language - any of several visual-gestural systems of communication, especially employing manual gestures, as used among deaf people
Studyblr - a tumblr blog for studying
Tongueblr - a tumblr blog for foreign tongues; a langblr
Xenophobia - fear or hatred of foreigners, people from different cultures, or strangers