I honestly have never given thought to what literacy is. It’s kinda like you’re uncle that lives in Colorado, you know he’s there but you really don’t think about him that often. Until now, Scribner points out that literacy is more than your uncle that lives in Colorado, its in our every day activities, our Sunday morning Church service, and where its always been, school. Scribner writes in her piece “Literacy in Three Metaphors” about the ongoing triumph of defining “literacy.” Many scholars have debated on this definition, all contradicting one another and yet no one has fully grasped the concept.
Scribner urges that literacy is this phenomenon of “social achievement” and an “outcome of cultural transmission.” To try to grasp the whole concept of literacy she puts then into three metaphors:
Literacy as a State of Grace
The first metaphor, literacy as adaptation, is how I’ve always looked at literacy. Its what we’ve been taught in school for, oh so, long. Reading and writing for everyday life. But then Scribner brings up some valid questions: is what we do in America the same everyday activities in Asia? Whats a “necessary” task and what is “optional? Cervero pointed out that “it is not logically possible to define this universe of behaviors.” So if this isn’t the complete definition of literacy what is?
The next metaphor, literacy as power, holds true in all of history. Those who where wealthy where literate. “Not to be literate is a state of victimization” Scribner even says, based on Paulo Freire’s theory. As it holds true to history, this is not entirely the case of today’s society. Each individual, rich or poor, are offered the same education through public school. Although the most wealthy are predominantly the most educated. But we’re still missing parts to the puzzle.
Going the the last metaphor, in trying to grasp the concept of literacy, Scribner points out: literacy as a state of grace. Referring to the spirituality of literacy. In history those who could read and comprehend, even recite, scripture where people whose encompassed “special virtues.” These where the people, in society’s eye, that were intellectual and those who weren’t literate were illegible of learning.
All of these aspects hold many boundaries in which they do not fully describe “literacy.” I believe that all of them, when combined, will be just the start of describing the phenomenon of literacy.