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Truth Underlies Science Fiction in ‘Elysium’

ABC News’ Carrie Halperin reports:

The new sci-fi adventure from “District 9″ director Neil Blomkamp and starring Matt Damon may be set in a futuristic world, but the film’s themes are a relevant allegory for the wealth disparities and immigration issues already plaguing the planet.

“Elysium,” a sci-fi fantasy taking place 150 years in the future, takes place in a universe where the elite have abandoned Earth for the better life aboard a luxury space station, 75 miles off of earth. The station, known as Elysium, is a place for the elite — free of war and disease. The rest of the population lives on an overcrowded, destroyed planet.

This premise may sound far-fetched, but a habitable space station may soon be within humanities reach. Blomkamp says he based his ideas for a habitable space station on real designs from NASA.

“Back in the 1970s, people were actually discussing the idea of leaving earth and building space stations for us to potentially live on one day,” Blomkamp said of his inspiration. “I like the idea of taking this idea and caking it with wealth and diamonds.”

NASA even produced studies estimating the cost of a station. In 1975, a report titled “Space Settlements: A Design Study” was created in an attempt to detail the costs and needs of life in space. The estimated price tag of a space station was about $190.8 billion, in 1975 dollars. Adjusting for inflation, the cost jumps to about $828.11 billion — which would escalate if you add all of the glitter seen in Blomkamp’s film.

“The future takes imagination, you have to extrapolate for the technology we have today. Within the next 1000 years, the type of technology used to support a space station like Elysium could be developed,” Mark Uhran, former director of the International Space Station Division at NASA headquarters, told ABC News. “We’re already demonstrating some of this technology on the international space station today.”

It may be a summer blockbuster, but “Elysium” is full of political subtext addressing deeper issues. At the core of the film is a struggle with immigration, as the unwanted poor are kept out of Elysium.

“It’s like a big fun blockbuster film, but like ‘District 9,’ it’s got deeper themes working so you can enjoy the film on really any level you want,” Damon told ABC News. “My character Max is a guy that grew up as an orphan and always wanted to get to Elysium, but he basically is now resigned to work on earth, and is basically just making his way through life until he gets irradiated, and basically is in desperate need to get to Elysium before he dies.”

Blomkamp grew up in Johannesburg, South Africa, in an upscale neighborhood a few miles from some of the most extreme poverty on the planet. When choosing a location for the film’s futuristic wasteland, described as Los Angeles a century and a half from now, he had to look no further than America’s backyard: Mexico. The most poverty-stricken parts of Mexico City are among the most depressed social and economic areas on the planet.

“The film for me is more a metaphor than a futuristic science fiction piece,” Shalto Copley, another of the film’s stars, told ABC News. “It’s taking an intensified, dramatized version of pretty much the way the world works at the moment.”

ABC

California, no doubt about it :)

Chemist Hopes ‘Artificial Leaf’ Can Power Civilization Using Photosynthesis

By Carrie Halperin

Jun 2, 2013 1:15pm

Imagine an artificial leaf that mimics photosynthesis, which lets plants harness energy from the sun. But this leaf would have the ability to power your homes and cars with clean energy using only sunlight and water.

This is not some far-off idea of the future. It’s reality, and the subject of a jury-prize-winning film in theGE Focus Forward Film Competition.

Jared P. Scott and Kelly Nyks’ short film, “The Artificial Leaf,” showcases chemist Daniel Nocera, the inventor of the artificial leaf, a device that he says can power the world.

“The truth is stranger than fiction,” Kelly Nyks, a partner at PF Pictures, told ABC News. “What I think is so exciting is that Dan has taken this science and applied it in a way that makes bringing it to scale to solve the energy crisis for the planet real and possible.”

Nocera’s leaf is simply a silicon wafer coated with catalysts that use sunlight to split water to into hydrogen and oxygen components.

“Essentially, it mimics photosynthesis,” Nocera told ABC News.

The gases that bubble up from the water can be turned into a fuel to produce electricity in the form of fuel cells. The device may sound like science fiction fantasy, but Nocera said he hopes one day it will provide an alternative to the centralized energy system — the grid.

Worldwide, more than 1.6 billion people live without access to electricity and 2.6 billion people live without access to clean sources of fuel for cooking.

“This is the model: We’re going to have a very distributed energy system,” Nocera told ABC News. With the leaf, “using just sunlight and water, you can be off the grid. If you’re poor, you don’t have a grid, so this gives them a way to have energy in the day and at night.”

With just the artificial leaf, 1.5 bottles of drinking water and sunlight, you could have enough electricity to power a small home, but the cost is still a problem, though Nocera said he believes that will come down with time and research.

The artificial leaf is cheaper than solar panels but still expensive. Hydrogen from a solar panel and electrolysis unit can currently be made for about $7 per kilogram; the artificial leaf would come in at $6.50.

Nocera is looking for ways to drive down the costs make these devices more widely available. He recently replaced the platinum catalyst that produces hydrogen gas with a less-expensive nickel-molybdenum-zinc compound. He’s also looking for ways to reduce the amount of silicon needed.

In 2009, Nocera’s artificial leaf was selected as a recipient of funding by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA-E), which supports energy technologies that could create a more secure and affordable American future.

Nyks and Scott said they hope “The Artificial Leaf” will bring awareness to the public that sustainable energy solutions do exist.

“We make films for social action,” Scott, also a partner at PF Pictures, told ABC News. “We see films as a tool for social change. And what I think Dan sketches out is that we start with energy. And if we solve the energy crisis, we’ll solve the climate crisis, and then we’ll solve the water crisis, and then we’ll solve the food crisis. But it starts with energy.”

30 filmmaking teams were asked to make a movie that could highlight an innovation that could change the world as part of GE Focus Forward, a series of three-minute films created by award-winning documentary makers including Alex Gibney, Lucy Walker, Albert Maysles and Morgan Spurlock. Nyks and Scott won a jury prize in a related global competition.

Anyone with an Internet connection has access to the videos online. All the films are featured atfocusforwardfilms.com.

So far, total media impressions for GE Focus Forward have exceeded 1.5 billion. In addition, the films are screening at all the major film festivals around the world and have played on every continent, including Antarctica.

Nyks and Scott said they hope to take the success of the short and turn it into a feature-length documentary.

(PF Pictures)

We are not cabin dwellers, born to a life cramped and confined; we are meant to explore, to seek, to push the limits of our potential as human beings.

The Dharmmapada

Renowned environmentalist Bill McKibben takes a look at the Earth's health.

Josh Fox on stage after a screening of Gasland 2. Scary dov, but a must see.

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Synchronistic New York kind of day.

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