Project 3: 2D (NOESY) spectra FT-NMR of Proteins
In this project, students will record and analyze the 2D spectrum with two frequency axes of proteins.
Data will be acquired at the end of the experiment (detection, often called direct evolution time); and during this time labelled with the chemical shift of the second nucleus. Mixing sequences utilize two mechanisms for magnetization transfer: scalar coupling or dipolar interaction (NOE)
Students will become familiar with 2D spectrums
Two dimensional FT yields the 2D spectrum with two frequency axes. If the spectrum is homonuclear (signals of the same isotope (usually 1H) are detected during the two evolution periods) it has a characteristic topology:
The NOESY experiment is crucial for the determination of protein structure. It uses the dipolar interaction of spins (the nuclear Overhauser effect, NOE) for correlation of protons. The intensity of the NOE is in first approximation propotional to 1/r6, with r being the distance between the protons: The correlation between two protons depends on the distance between them, but normally a signal is only observed if their distance is smaller than 5 Ã…. The NOESY experiment correlates all protons which are close enough. It also correlates protons which are distant in the amino acid sequence but close in space due to tertiary structure. This is the most important information for the determination of protein structures.