Caelie’s Crash Course: DID Edition
(Preemptive banner to ensure maximum safety of this post. I’ll explain endos further down.)
This post is sponsored by: Singlets Don’t Really Know Anything About Us, Do They? and I’m Tired Of The Misinformation, Karen and also If You Only Know About DID From The Media, You Don’t Know Anything About DID.
Enough showmanship, let’s go ahead to the meat of the matter, shall we? Feel free to just skip around and only read the bolded stuff, think of those bits as your TL;DR.
DID stands for Dissociative Identity Disorder. Yes, it was previously classified (erroneously) as Multiple Personality Disorder — almost thirty years ago. In 1992, Multiple Personality Disorder was reclassified as Dissociative Identity Disorder. Which means there’s no reason to continue calling it Multiple Personality Disorder or to refer to anyone as having multiple personalities.
Why the change from MPD to DID?
It’s actually really simple. The disorder was reclassified after research found it’s a dissociative disorder, not a personality disorder. That’s why we don’t call system members personalities, too.
DID is a dissociative disorder brought on by repeated early childhood trauma. For DID to occur, the patient must have experienced repeated trauma between the ages of six to nine. This trauma is too much for the brain to handle, so in order to cope, it splits off into two or more distinct people who handle different aspects of the trauma and day-to-day life. While the initial split has to occur between the ages of six and nine, new alters can form at any time after that. New alters commonly form due to additional trauma occurring or in response to highly stressful situations.
Is DID the only way to have a system?
No. There are two disorders that can cause alters to form, DID and OSDD-1. You must have either DID or OSDD-1 to have a system. Anyone who says otherwise is lying to you and spreading misinformation. (This is where the endos come in.)
There are people who do try to say you don’t need a disorder to be a system! These people also tend to spread other misinformation and lies that are directly harmful to actual systems. Beware of anyone calling themself endo/endogenic, a tulpamancer/tulpa, quoigenic, a soulbond, a natural system, a kin system, a BPD system, or a non-trauma system. To break it down quickly: Endos, quoigenics, natural systems, and non-trauma systems aren’t possible by definition of what a system is; Tulpamancers are appropriating a closed religious practice for a culture that most certainly is not theirs; Soulbonds and kin systems conflate their otherkins or fictionkins with alters, which is very harmful; BPD is a personality disorder and does not cause or include having alters.
So what’s the difference between DID and OSDD-1?
It’s in the diagnostic criteria! DID consists of having two or more distinct parts (commonly referred to as alters), dissociation between parts, and dissociative amnesia. What this boils down to is having alters and often not being aware of them or the time they spent fronting without you.
OSDD-1 is split into multiple categories. OSDD-1a consists of two or more parts that can influence and control the body, but the parts are not distinct. OSDD-1b consists of two or more distinct parts, but there is no dissociative amnesia between them.
How do you refer to the parts in a system?
The clinical term for us is “alters,” but there are some systems who don’t like to use that terms. I’d recommend just asking if it doesn’t already say somewhere how they’d prefer to be referred to. Some other words systems use in place of alters are:
What kinds of alters are there?
These aren’t all the alter types, but these are the most common you’ll see.
Hosts/Mains: The alter(s) who usually front most often.
Protectors: These alters usually front to protect the body or the system from perceived external threats.
Persecutors: These alters tend to harm the system or the body. They’ll get their own section after this.
System Littles/Syskids: These alters are children, treat them as you would any other child of their age.
Internal Self-Helpers: These alters hold most of the information about the system. They can control access to this information as well.
Introjects: These alters are “based” off another person, who may be someone in the system’s life or a fictional character. Introjects may look, talk, or act like the person they’re “based” from.
Gatekeepers: These alters control switching and access to the front.
Memory Holders: These alters hold memories from the system’s past that other alters may not, often these are trauma memories.
Fragments: These are alters that are not fully distinct from other alters. They may seem rather two-dimensional as a result.
Nonhumans: These alters present as something other than human in the headspace, and may believe as such that they are nonhuman, regardless of the body. For example within our own system: I am a doll, Azrael is an angel, etc.
Aren’t persecutors evil/abusers/murderers/etc.?
(I know this entire section is bold. It’s the most important section here.)
No. Persecutors are not evil. There is no such thing as an “evil” alter. Persecutors usually harm only the body or other alters if they harm anyone. It is very rare they harm anyone outside the system. They have their own reasons for what they do, often rooted in trauma or a skewed sense of “helping” or what’s right and wrong. Yes, it is up to them to recognize what behaviors are brought on by trauma and work through that, but these behaviors do not make them evil.
So can I write characters with DID if I’m a singlet (someone who is not a system)?
(This section is also very important and will contain a lot of bold.)
Yes, but do your research first. Read sites like DID Reasearch, Trauma Dissociation, and This Is Not Dissociative. Talk to actual systems about their experiences. If you can, get a system who can sensitivity read for you and listen to their criticisms. I can tell you now, anyone in my system who’s able would be glad to help you with what is and isn’t okay to say when writing characters with DID.
As a general rule of thumb though, do not write “evil” alters. This trope is directly harmful to systems. Again, please just find a system willing to sensitivity read your work.
Congrats, you’ve made it to the end! That’s all I have to say on the subject, though this is just surface-level info on DID. Feel free to send any questions to us if you’d like more in-depth info on any of the topics covered here! You can also ask questions about our system and experiences if you’d like!
~Caelie of the Clockwork Collective