List of Mesopotamian Gods
Not a complete listing, but this is the majority of them and their rulerships:
Nammu - mother goddess of creation, fertility, and personification of the Apsu (the freshwater ocean)
Tiamat - mother goddess of chaos, creation, dragons, and the saltwater ocean (replaced Nammu in the Akkadian pantheon)
Apsu - god personification of fresh water; begetter of the skies and earth
Lahmu and Lahamu - the twin deities of clay; children of Tiamat and Apsu.
Anshar and Kishar - twin deities of the celestial poles; offspring of Lahmu and Lahamu
Anu - god of the sky and the heavens; King of the gods
Enlil - god of the atmosphere, wind, healing, agriculture, and storms
Inanna (Ishtar) - Queen of Heaven and Earth. Goddess of love, sex, war, beauty, political power, passion, pleasure, desire, justice, abundance, fertility, procreation, combat, and the planet Venus. Also associated with indulgence and alcohol. Patroness of kings and queens, sex workers, and bar-tenders.
Enki (Ea) - god of fresh waters, wisdom, knowledge, magic, crafts, mischief, wit, healing, fertility, and art
Ninhursag - mother goddess of mountains, motherhood, childbirth, fertility, and vegetation. Has command over life and death.
Utu (Shamash) - god of the Sun, light, justice, truth, and morality
Nanna (Sin) - god of the Moon, wisdom, and fertility
Ereshkigal - goddess of death and Queen of the Underworld (Kur/Irkalla)
Nergal - god of war, plague, disease, strife, and death. Husband of Ereshkigal.
Namtar - god of death, diseases, and pests. Minister and messenger of An, Ereshkigal, and Nergal. He commands sixty diseases in the form of demons that can penetrate different parts of the human body; offerings to Namtar were made to prevent those illnesses.
Ishara - Underworld mother-goddess of the oath, love, war, and divination; the “Queen of Judgment”; identified with Inanna
Mammetum - goddess of fate, destiny, oaths; a judge in the Underworld
Belit-tseri - scribe-goddess of the Underworld, advisor to Ereshkigal; Queen of the Desert
Lugal-irra and Meslamta-ea - twin gods who guard the entrance to the Underworld
Ningishzida - Underworld god of vegetation
Sakkan - Underworld god of cattle, fertility, and animals
Ninazu - Underworld god of agriculture, war, and snakes
Ashur - King of the Gods in Babylonian pantheon
Marduk - god of justice, compassion, fairness, healing, magic, storms, and agriculture; patron god of Babylon.
Kingu - first-born son of Tiamat and the leader of her army, his blood was used to create mankind
Lamashtu - goddess of herbs, disease, healing, and revenge; eventually demonized as a “baby-killer”.
Nisaba - goddess of writing, learning, knowledge, and the harvest
Nabu - god of writing, learning, knowledge, wisdom, prophecy, and harvest
Ninlil - goddess of destiny and wind; wife of Enlil
Ninkasi - goddess of alcohol, especially beer; born from “fresh sparkling water”
Dumuzid (Tammuz) - god of shepherds and agriculture; son of either Duttur or Ninsun
Geshtinanna - goddess of agriculture, fertility, and dream-interpretation; sister of Dumuzid
Sherida (Aya) - goddess of dawn, life, light, youth, and sex; identified with Inanna
Baba - goddess of fertility; “Mistress of Animals” and “Lady of Abundance”
Shara - god of war; son of Inanna and Anu
Gula - goddess of healing, medical practices, and doctors
Emesh - god of summer; creator of trees and fertile fields; brother of Enten
Enten - god of winter; watched over the birth and health of animals during the cold, rainy season
Enkidu - god of forests and the wilderness
Garra - god of fire and purification
Geshtu - god who sacrifices himself to create humanity
Kulitta - goddess of music; servant of Inanna
Nanshe - goddess of social justice, fairness, and divination; looked after orphans and widows; oversaw fairness, fresh water, birds and fish, fertility, and favoured prophets, giving them the ability to interpret dreams. She was also known as the “Lady of the Storerooms” and oversaw that weights and measures were correct.
Ninkilim - god of vermin and wildlife in general; known as “Lord Rodent”
Silili - mother-goddess of all horses; the “Divine Mare”
Tashmetum - goddess of potency, love, and mediation; wife of Nabu
Uttu - goddess of spiders, weaving, fate, and clothing; “The Weaver of Patterns and Life Desires”
Zarpanit - goddess of fertility and sometimes the consort of Marduk; called “The Shining One”; identified with Inanna
Zaltu - goddess of strife; identified with Inanna as her destructive side.