Sorry really long post ^^"
Horse Colours and Genetics
Chestnuts are a very common coat colour and come in many shades.
Same may be mistaken for palominos or so dark they look almost black.Its coursed by two reccesive genes. (so if you breed two chestnut horses you will get a chestnut offspring)
there mane and tail may be darker or lighter than the bace coat.
They have grey skin unless theres a white marking.
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Black horses are complety black and have no permanently brown or reddish spots and are quite uncommon to find a fully black horse.
Faded black may appear if your horse lives outdoors in the sun and it has bleached the horses coat.
They have dark grey or black skin and pink skin when there are white marking.
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Bay horses are usually brown with dark black points.
They come in a wide range of shades from caramel colour to very dark brown that almost looks black
Bay must not me mistaken for Dun horses they have no dorsel stripe.
They have Grey skin unless a whit marking appears.
various browns with black points that go over the "knee".
Lighter brown with minimal black points.
Dark brown could with lighter caramel under parts and points.
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The horse can born any colour and will slowly "grey out" untill they reach white or light grey.
There skin is grey unless theres white marking at birth that will stay the same colour and will not grey out.
Dapple grey is in the middle of the "greying out" process it mostly spears on darker horses and as they gry out it will appear in circles or dark and white.
Appears on chestnut or reddish born horses and they keep a bit of there colour making the horse look rose tinted or light pink.
Where the horse i fully greyed out but has left freckle like markings of the born color
This must not be mistaken for appaloosa few spots where the horse is born with spots.
_ _/ _ _/nW(never WW as the foal would die before it was born so never breed to dom whites together or to an overo)
Extremely rare where the horse is born white and has pink skin all over the body.
they usually have blue eyes.
These are very very rare as most foals die before birth or soon after.
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Palomino horses have a yellow or gold coat, with a white or light cream mane and tail.
The shades of the body coat color range from cream to a dark gold.
Palomino is created by the single cream gene.
They have grey skin unless theres a white marking and they have brown eyes sometimes amber
Cremello have a light goden coat with white or cream mane and tail.
They have light pink rosy skin and blue eyes.
Cremellos carry two copies of the cream gene.
create a light chestnut coloured coat
(i dont now much about this one sorry)
Buckskin is the result of a single cream gene acting on a bay horse.
The horse has a tan or gold colored coat with black points with dark skin.
Must not be mistaken for Duns, Buckskin has no back stripe.
Smoky Creams are homozygous cream blacks, and very difficult to visually distinguish from cremellos or perlinos.
(dont know much about them sorry)
Smokey black is a few shades lighter than true black and is a result of a single Cr gene.
May be mistaken for faded blacks , gurllo or liver chestnut.
(not much known about this one too sorry)
Both the Cream gene and the pearl gene acting on a chestnut base creating a very light palomino.
Both the pearl and cream gene acting on a bay coat.
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Classic Champagne is the action of champagne on a black coat.
The body coat is chocolate, the mane and tail a darker shade.
The legs may also be slightly darker.
It has dark skin and brown eyes.
Amber champagne is produced by the action of champagne on a bay coat.
The coat is gold with chocolate points.
It has dark skin and brown eyes.
Gold champagne is produced by the action of champagne on a chestnut coat.
The coat is gold, and the mane and tail are typically ivory.
It has grey skin and light brown eyes.
Darker shades of this may be mistaken for a Red Dun.
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The dun gen lightens the coat leaving the "correct" or darker coloured stripe along is back and points.
Has a darker mane and tail.
Can affect any colour coats a few examples shown.
Always leaves stripes around where the dun breaks on the legs and muzzle.
Duns have dark skin and Brown eyes unless there is a white marking.
The dun gene acting on a black base coat.
Lightens it to a mousie colour leaving the mane , tail and points black.
The dun acting on a bay base coat.
Lightens the coat to a golden or mousie brown colour leaving the mane , tail and points black.
The dun gene acting on a chestnut base.
Lightens to a pinky colour leaving the mane,tail and points a redy chestnut colour.
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Creates a roaning around the edge of white marking making the skin pink and eye blue if the marking apears over the eye.
Often mixed with other pinto patterns.
Do not mistake for the Splash gene it can create the same making but with a roaned edge with out the Splash gene present.
In a Dom Sabino it will travel all the way up to the horses back but will never meet or affect the mane and tail.
A pinto marking that creates white marking and pinking the skin.
The white always apears on the legs from the hocks and knees down.
The white often crosses the back between the withers and the dock of the tail
Facial markings are similar to those of a traditionally solid-colored horse.
The white patches which are usually rounded or oval in shape, rather than jagged.
( Dom genes creates lethal white and with kill the foal during pregnancy or soon after birth)
Creates a jagged white marking affecting the skin making it pink.
Often creates a horizontal pattern never joining on the back or under the belly.
If the pattern touches the mane or tail it turns it white.
This gene creates a white marking with pink skin as well as making the horses eye blue.
Most horse with this gene will only have two front socks or stockings or a small underbelly markings.
Some more extreme cases look as if the horse has been dipped in paint, as unlike the Sibino creates a smooth divide in colour.
no matter how minimal the horse will always have a blue eye even with out a white head marking.
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The roan gene creates a mixture of white hairs and coloured hairs on the body that makes the base coat look lighter.
Coursed by a a dom gene (R)
it affects the main body of the horse leaving the legs and head the base colour.
It can also leak into the mane and tail.
Some times thourgh injury there may be lighter spots or even darker spots.
Roans may also be born freckled where there are spots on the coat where there is no roaning
on rare occasions it can effect just a small area of the horse.
When the roan acts on a chestnut base it makes the coat turn a pinky shade hence the name Strawberry.
When the roan appears on a black base coat it makes it look almost blue
Roaning can appear on any mixture of coat colours for example Bay roan.
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I dont know alot about the appy but heres what kassousminou said xD
Noted "Lp", it is modified by "patn1", "patn2" and possibly others. The leopard complex produces spotted coat. The skin is mottled and the eyes can be any colors. They often have stripped hooves. There is multiple form, depending on the modifier. It is an incomplete dominant gene, which means that "LpLp" will act differently than "nLp".
=> "nLp" : produce a varnish roan appaloosa. It looks like a roan horse, with uneven color on the body. It is a changing color, which means that it will extend with time.
=> "LpLp" : produce also a varnish roan, but with more white hair.
=> "nLp patn1" : produce a leopard appaloosa. It produce spots of colors on the white coat. The color is the base color that shows through the spots.
=> "nLp patn1patn1" : produce a leopard appaloosa with more white.
=> "nLp patn2" : produce a blanket appaloosa. It restraint the white to the rump of the horse. The "blanket" is spotted like the leopard.
=> "nLp patn2patn2" : doesn't change anything and is still a blanket
=> "LpLp patn1" : produce a few spots appaloosa. The coat is white with some few small spots of the base color
=> "LpLp patn1patn1" : doesn't change anything and is still a few spot
=> "LpLp patn2" : produce a snowcap appaloosa. It looks a bit like the few spot, but with the white restraint to the rump and back of the horse.
=> "LpLp patn2patn2" : doesn't change anything and is still a snowcap
Note that I never mixed patn1 with patn2. It can happens, but the patn1 is dominant over the patn2 so it would act like a single patn1.
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Effects black(?) horses turning their mane and tail white.
Can also create dapples on the horses coat.
Only appears on chestnuts(?) turns their manes and tails a golden blond colour.
it is coursed but reccive genes so horses can carry the gene but not show any simptems and only if its bred with another flaxen carrier will create a flaxen foal.
Sooty is a common color modifier that can act on both red and black based coats.
Sooty, also known as smutty or counter shading, causes dark hairs to be spread throughout a horses coat, usually concentrated from the top of the back down.
Sooty horses often have spectacular dappling because of the contrast of colors in their coats
Pangare is a modifier that acts by lightening certain portions of a horse's coat, usually the muzzle, the belly, the inner forearms and thighs, and sometimes even the chest or around the eyes.
When it acts on a chestnut coat, the horse usually will have a flaxen mane and tail.
It can act on any color, and varies in intensity.
It is often found in pony and draft breeds, such as Haflingers, Fjords, Exmores,
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Birdcatcher spots are small, round, white spots scattered throughout a horse's coat.
In many cases, the spots appear and grow in number for a period of years, and then gradually fade away.
Sometimes, the spots will persist throughout a horse's lifetime
These are random dark spots on a lighter coat, often seen on chestnuts and palominos.
They vary in size, sometimes only dime-sized, and sometimes as big as an outspread hand.
Brindle is an unusual pattern of dark, vertical lines on a lighter-colored coat.
Though it is seen in a variety of breeds, it is quite rare.
There is no known gene tht creates this
Most brindle horses have dark stripes on a lighter body color, but a rare few have white stripes on a dark body color.
While it is possible that white brindles are chimeric (and certainly some may be), the current thought is that the color is probably the result of a one-time mutation, probably of rabicano.
This horses geno would be ee/aa and EE/aa
Chimeras are the result of the fusing of fraternal twins in utero resulting in 2 sets of DNA in 1 horse.
eg. This horses geno would be Ee/Aa
Somatic mutations are the result of a gene that is accidentally switched "off," often resulting in odd patches of color on an otherwise ordinary coat.
For example The black patch on the otherwise bay coat was the result of the agouti gene misfiring leaving that section of its coat an undiluted black.
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