It is an innovative approach that “imbues the full spectrum of innovation activities with a human-centered design ethos” (Brown, 2008, p. 1). At the heart of design thinking is human-centered design. Human-centered (also called user-centered) design is a process that allows design thinkers of today to come up with solutions to complex real-world problems.
Brown (2008) mentions that thinkers innovate by thoroughly observing and understanding people’s needs and wants, as well as their likes and dislikes concerning products and services. To do that, businesses apply a step-by-step design thinking process consisting of three main stages: inspiration, ideation, and implementation (Brown, 2008, p. 4).
Other sources (Dam & Teo, n.d.) identify five stages in the process:
Empathize: consulting experts, understanding users, immersing yourself in the environment to understand the issues to be resolved and the needs of the users. A basic principle of human-centered design.
Define: put together the information gathered during research, synthesize information and define core problems. The definition should be user-oriented.
Prototype: produce prototypes of the product based on user experience.
Test: test the product, adjust to the needs of the users.
Brown, T. (2008). Design Thinking. Harvard Business Review.: https://fusesocial.ca/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2018/06/Design-Thinking.pdf
Dam, R. F., & Teo, Y. S. (n.d.). 5 Stages in the Design Thinking Process. Retrieved March 10, 2020, from https://www.interaction-design.org/literature/article/5-stages-in-the-design-thinking-process
Soulis, S., Nicolettou, A., & Seitzinger, J. (2017). Using Learner Experience Design (LX) for Program Enhancement. Open and Distance Learning Association of Australia, Melbourne, February 2017.
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