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[frasermcnamee]

Saint Jerome (2017), Alasdair Gray, photo relief print

'Saint Jerome' (2017), by Alasdair Gray, is a photo relief re-print based on a 1955 woodblock cut he made previously. My initial thoughts on the print were that I got a very cultural sort of religious feel from it, mainly due to the figure that can be seen with flowing facial hair, seemingly nude, who looks like a scribe of some sort contained within a very chaotic scene of different animals and plants, and some type of ruin. However, on closer inspection I began to realise that, in my opinion, the piece is actually a commentary on the environment and our climate, and how humanity has affected this. A lot of the imagery within the piece symbolises life and death, and relates to the themes of impermanence or the impending mortality of existence itself, ie. The skull that can be seen beside the man, making us think of these themes, as nothing is permanent. The skull could symbolise a warning of what could become of us if we aren't careful?

There are many easily overlooked aspects to be observed within the piece, which is something I believe the artist did deliberately as he wanted to create a thought-provoking piece that at first glance didn't appear as much to get viewers minds going, to then take their own interpretation of the work. Several creatures can be seen in the piece, some birds can be seen on branches of a dead tree at the top of the piece, while a man and a lion can be seen at the bottom. They've been done in such a style that it looks as though the artist has taken reference from old tapestries and styles from medieval times, but put his own spin on it through exaggerating aspects of the creatures and their surroundings. The eyes of the creatures themselves all seem to look directly at the viewer, and even the birds whose heads aren't facing us still appear to be looking directly at us, as was typical of medieval works too. This is clever as it creates a feeling of being observed by the piece itself and creates a relationship between viewer and the actual piece, which is important as it draws attention to the details. The eyes of St Jerome are also contained within a triangular composition; on level with the brickwork behind him, the draped fabric that can be seen stretching through the piece, and the branches of the dead tree, all combine in this composition to create an area of focus in the centre of the piece. This is an interesting choice by the artist as the aspects which come together to create this triangular composition are all ones which also individually lead our eye around the piece, which is important for the viewer to be able to take in all the information. Another stylistic choice is that the creatures all appear to be done in a mythological style, relating to the medieval reference, and the birds actually look similar to what phoenix's are depict to be like, which nods to the idea of rebirth and perseverance. This is important as this could be the artist commenting on how we as humans have caused so much detrimental effects on our planet, yet still nature perseveres and can thrive regardless of the challenges faced by human civilization. I believe that the composition of the creatures in the piece is also important, as the phoenix-like creatures are placed above an old ruin, which could symbolise nature taking back control and thriving even through the waste that humanity produces. The man in the piece, assumed to be the prints namesake, St Jerome, is seen to be sat by a majestic lion, which is very attention grabbing, and I feel as though the artist is commenting here on how we as humans can live coinciding with such creatures in a way that isn't harmful, to them or our planet which we share with them. This also relates to a time in St Jerome's life as it is said that he befriended a lion and removed a thorn from it's paw at some point. The way in which the man's back is turned on the old ruin supports this as his back is turned on the harmful industrious side of humanity, instead choosing to be at one with nature as he appears very relaxed due to his pose and facial expression. The man is also nude from what we can observe, so this too could relate to the idea of St Jerome choosing a simpler, more eco-friendly lifestyle and just being balanced with nature. This could be Gray trying to depict a part of St Jerome's life as it is said that St Jerome went for a period of time to live in the desert, at one with nature. The candle which can be seen above the man could represent this epiphany of learning to coincide with nature at this time in his life, as candles are synonymous with enlightenment and illumination.

It is important to mention, I feel the piece has strong similarities in the styling and overall message as Pablo Picasso's 'Guernica', which is another monochromatic piece that comments on humanities destructive tendencies and the suffering we can cause if we aren't careful, both pieces representative of warnings of what could become of us. The use of a monochromatic palette is very important in both pieces, as it conveys the tone of loneliness, pain and suffering caused by destruction, and also allows for the viewer to focus more on the important messages the artist is trying to put forward through their imagery and symbols within the pieces. Both are very bold pieces because of this palette choice, and help to make them stand out. As well as this, 'Guernica' and 'St Jerome' both have made use of matte black, which helps to not distract the viewer from the subjects within the pieces. Both pieces also are done in a more abstract, angular approach, which aids in the visual understanding of what we are actually looking at as all aspects of the pieces are defined. The figures in both have been exaggerated and distorted to put focus on them. There are aspects of jagged line and contrasting more free-flowing wavy lines in both pieces, and this contrast is important as it adds to the idea of Humanity vs Nature, and how humanity/human structures and nature coincide. A part of Gray's piece which relates to this coinciding with each other is the dead looking tree and its branches intertwined with the old ruin at the centre of the piece.

'Guernica' (1937), Pablo Picasso, oil painting on canvas

Overall, I really enjoy this piece of work as it has a lot of depth and hidden meaning, and I really enjoy those little details within the piece. From the tiny details on the rug or tiling St Jerome can be seen sitting atop, to the brickwork and the way in which the lines have been angled to create depth and draw attention, I really enjoyed analysing these aspects of the piece. There was a lot going on, and a lot more I feel I could have written about, however I feel as though I captured a lot of the piece and its meaning within this analysis. This is a piece in which I feel everyone who views it will take a different opinion on the messages and what it is that Alasdair Gray is trying to convey, however I feel this is what Gray wanted as he wanted to create a thought-provoking piece.

[frasermcnamee]

Timeline Project - Moving Backwards

Timescale allocated - 3000 BCE - 1750 BCE

3000 BCE

Cuneiform inscriptions

The Sumerians were the earliest known developed civilization, and they populated the region of southern Mesopotamia, otherwise known today as the Middle East. They had the first known form of a government-led society, which came about as a result of conflict and unrest for hundreds of years in the area, which ultimately influenced the future of modern civilization as other societies took on a similar model and structure through the example set by the Sumerians.

The Sumerians were a very industrious society, and contributed to many cultural and technological developments, such as the world's first vehicles with wheels, the world's first known city-states, the first laws written anywhere, and the world's first system of writing, known as cuneiform. Cuneiform inscriptions and designs would be engraved onto cylinder seals, which were typically made from stone, and then rolled over soft clay to leave relief impressions. Such designs have been discovered dating back to around 3000 BCE. Inscriptions have also been discovered engraved into prehistoric bones, cave walls, and stones. These cuneiform marks and symbols were put together and standardised over time to ensure that they could be easily recognised and understood by people, allowing spoken language to be represented and recorded. Once this was popularised, ideas and concepts were capable of being expressed through the art of writing. Cuneiform writings were used in all aspects of life, from recording trade, business, and temple activities, to writing stories, myths, literature, and even personal letters. In regards to trade and business, cuneiform allowed for information which would otherwise be impossible to remember, such as inventory and sales, to be accurately recorded somewhere and safely stored for future reference, similar to how in the modern age we use receipts for transactions with businesses. Some of the very earliest texts discovered actually depict pictographs of the produce and livestock which scribes had to record.

2500 BCE

Ancient Egyptian ink

The Ancient Egyptians invented black ink using a mixture of vegetable oil, beeswax, and black soot. From then, different colours were created using natural materials found in the earth such as ochre, in place of the soot used in the production of black ink. Scribes would use these pigments and inks with reeds to apply the medium to papyrus in order to write and keep records, and to decorate tombs for burial purposes.

Most commonly, scribes would use black ink for the main body of texts, and would reserve red ink for more important parts of the texts such as the titles or key words to highlight these sections. Other observed colours used in ancient Egyptian texts include shades of blue, green, yellow, and white.

1800 BCE

The Prisse Papyrus

Discovered in 1856, the Prisse Papyrus is thought to be the oldest known book form document to date. This document is relevant as it is a complete scroll of a literary manuscript which contains three literary texts, titled as 'teachings' or 'instructions', including the 'instruction of Ptahhotep'; a very important document of which only four have ever been discovered, the only complete document being included within 'The Prisse Papyrus'. The document contains information on how people of the time conducted themselves, and how they were lead in order to have a full and happy life. This is a very important historical document as it allows people to have insight into the ways of ancient cultures and societies, and how these people behaved within their societies and were expected to act in accordance with these beliefs. The text shows that general attitudes of the time of it being written were very good. The text was heavily influenced by and showed how to act in accordance to Maat, in ancient Egyptian culture, it was very important to act in accordance with Maat, which is the concepts of truth, order, balance, harmony, law, justice, and morality. Maat was an ideology which helped govern and control the people of the time, who were becoming more and more diverse as a society, and had conflicting interests, therefore averting chaos from erupting. This text was key to the understanding of this construct, and to the way in which people of the time were governed, as not many documents have survived which give insight on the laws of the time.

In order to control people and avoid mass chaos, the concept of the 'Gods' was created, each representative of different ideologies and beliefs. This helped govern the people of the time as they believed that if they acted in accordance with the Gods they would be rewarded with things such as a full and fruitful life, good health, prosperity, and good crop yields, to name a few. People would rarely dishonour the Gods and the beliefs at the time, as they were frightened that they would bring about badness and chaos within their lives by angering the gods, and through this people would be controlled to act well and uphold good virtues. Maat was one of these Gods, and represented the virtues aforementioned. Upholding these important virtues was key to building a successful and long-lived society, hence why ancient Egypt is synonymous with largely successful and progressive ancient societies and cultures.

Bibliography

•Mark, J.J. (2018). Cuneiform. [online] Ancient History Encyclopedia. Available at: https://www.ancient.eu/cuneiform/.

•Khan Academy. (n.d.). Cuneiform (article) | Ancient Near East. [online] Available at: https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ancient-art-civilizations/ancient-near-east1/the-ancient-near-east-an-introduction/a/cuneiform#:~:text=The%20earliest%20writing%20we%20know [Accessed 1 Feb. 2021].

•McGreevy, N. (n.d.). Why Did Ancient Egyptian Scribes Use Lead-Based Ink? [online] Smithsonian Magazine. Available at: https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/renaissance-painters-ancient-egyptians-used-drying-techniques-make-their-words-stick-180976176/#:~:text=Ancient%20Egyptians%20began%20writing%20with [Accessed 1 Feb. 2021].

•www.historyofinformation.com. (n.d.). The Prisse Papyrus, Perhaps the World’s Oldest Literary Manuscript : History of Information. [online] Available at: https://www.historyofinformation.com/detail.php?id=2045 [Accessed 1 Feb. 2021].

•www.sutori.com. (n.d.). Sutori. [online] Available at: https://www.sutori.com/story/history-of-printmaking--coDL8uRjurzfq5v4H9i85BV1 [Accessed 1 Feb. 2021].

•https://cosmosmagazine.com/chemistry/ancient-egyptians-preferred-metallic-inks/

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[frasermcnamee]

Final for album cover project(front and back)

For my final album cover pieces which we have been working towards I wanted to reuse techniques which I have picked up throughout the process of getting to the finals in the pieces I created previously, and also incorporate inspiration from different styles I tried using throughout this process too. I believe that recycling past techniques and styles fits well with the history and story of the orchestras past, and reflects this well. Techniques I decided to recycle for use in the front and back cover of my album include collaging, painting, digital editing in Canva and in Ibis Paint X, sketching using Adobe Draw, and applying effects in Ibis Paint X, while also playing with the visual elements such as contrast, brightness, hue, and saturation.

The idea behind the final product was that the front would show the front of a head and the back cover would resemble the back of someone's head, using torn pieces of other peoples faces from magazines and newspapers which I collaged to create this. I then sketched a continuous line on top of the piece after transferring it to digital, which I loved the effect of. I transferred what I had created to Canva, and overlapped some sections and bits of pieces of work I liked previously, in order to recycle them, similar to how the orchestra recycles thrown away trash to create instruments, for example the winged instrument players, 'The Recycled Orchestra' text(which I also distorted the shape of to create more visual impact and to lead the eye around the piece), and the hand-drawn faces on the back cover which were also edited before use in the piece.

After this I wanted to play around with some effects and filters on Ibis Paint X; increasing the noise which I used previously, using the glitch effects which I also used previously, and then played around with the different visual adjustments.

I then took the pieces created and put them on Canva in order to have the front and back in one file in order to submit them together as a front and back cover format, sized 12x12.

Overall I am extremely happy with and proud of the front and back cover pieces as I feel they're very effective as album cover work, they are very eye-catching and colourful, and have very interesting details which I enjoy looking at. I also enjoy the recycled techniques and styles I can see clearly which reference the work leading up to these pieces. I would like to explore using more digital software and editing in future for my own work, and for college work, as I really enjoyed this project as a taster to digital art. I especially enjoyed working with the apps Ibis Paint X and Canva, and plan to improve my skills further using more apps and methods of digital work.

Front cover -

Back cover -

[frasermcnamee]

Bitmap Vs. Vector

In a Bitmap image, when you zoom in closer to the image you can see the pixels, tiny coloured squares, which make up an image. At a regular scale these pixels aren't so visible, however if you zoom in close on an image they become visible. These images are resolution-dependent, meaning when you expand the image you will lose image quality and resolution, and at a point the image will begin to appear pixelated. Bitmap images are suitable for photorealistic images, and all photographs taken on cameras are bitmap images due to this, due to the amount of data each individual pixel can store. The larger the amount of data, the more variation in colours each pixel can display. The file size of a bitmap image is dependent on the number of pixels within the file, as each pixel stores data and information. Bitmap images usually consist of file types such as JPEG, GIF, TIFF, and PNG.

Vector graphics are images that are defined in terms of points set on a Cartesian plane (a coordinate system that specifies each point in a plane by a set of coordinates), which are connected using lines and curves to form different shapes to make up an image. A vector image is what graphic designers see when they open up an image in illustrator and select all the points that make up the vector graphic. These images are a combination of lines and shapes that are stipulated by mathematical equations in the file to set where the lines and shapes lie within the image. Due to this, vector graphics can be enlarged to any size without losing any quality and continue to have a high resolution whichever size they may be blown up to. Vector images are often easier to edit and work with, as for example, if you were to subtract the white background of an image around, for instance, a logo or a product, this would be made much easier and more efficient using vector graphics, as they have much more defined and sharp graphics. File types for vector images that are often used include Al, EPS, SVG, and PDF.

Moving forward I believe that, for use in my final album cover, I would personally use vector graphics as they can be easier to manipulate and use in editing and creating a piece fit for purpose. As well as being easier to use in my work, vector graphics allow the final album cover to be enlarged to any size without loss of quality, which is important as it allows for viewing the very small details, if any, in a much clearer resolution.

I've attached an image here to show visually the difference in quality between both the vector and bitmap graphics. As you can see, the bitmap on closer inspection appears pixelated and loses quality, however the vector does not and maintains quality.

[frasermcnamee]

Below is some work I've played around with creating, taking inspiration from the artist Andy Wellands style of work, and also the Recycled Orchestra of Cateuras music video. I created these pieces on Adobe Draw as was requested, and I actually enjoyed developing my skills in digital work, and creating work in a more loose method as it's a new style that I've not explored much previously. I was inspired by many of the visuals in the video as I enjoyed pausing it randomly and playing around with the different shapes, colours and patterns that I was picking up from the stills. I also enjoyed visualising the sounds of the video in one of the pieces and tried to demonstrate the sound through drawing in very sharp, jagged lines.

Andy Wellands work was heavily inspired by imperfections and not being too perfect with the details, as he feels as though these tiny flaws are actually records of his style and movement, which is a major influence and motivation in his work. He said "My painted spots aren't perfect spots but they are my spots. A recording of my movement that day and my style, drips, wobbles and all" as though the imperfections actually record his artistic progression and capture an essence of the time they were created, and what he was feeling and thinking in those moments. His work usually has distinctively bright and colourful abstract compositions of different repurposed cut-offs, thoughts, sounds, and movement. The work itself is in celebration of humanity and what it really means to be human as we go through the journey of life in such a coincidental and chaotic world collectively. The work is representative of human culture; our ideas, beliefs, and imaginations all connecting; people interacting with one another and the ways in which we communicate, through sound, movement, and aesthetics. I feel as though Andy Welland was a great fit for designing these pieces inspired by his work and also the ROC music video as his work already represents a lot of the same energy that the video holds, and his work communicates well the message of the Orchestra, which is that “the world sends us garbage, we send back music”, meaning that they make the most out of their situation and what is available to them at that moment in such a chaotic environment, and share their music in return with the world to communicate what life is like for them and their emotions as they don't have the luxuries that a lot of us take for granted, but still thrive on what life offers them and have found success due to what they create.

Below are some pieces by Andy Welland which I particularly like-

Loose Ends (02)

Screenprint edition, acrylic on paper,

Artwork Installation

A collection of paintings and welcome lobby works commissioned for Facebook’s new location in the heart of London’s West End.

[frasermcnamee]

Below are some experiments I created using photographs I shot on my phone then uploaded to Canva to be edited to fit the brief. The images were to reflect keywords we were given which relate to The Recycled Orchestra, and just to music overall. There are seven pieces here instead of only three as I just couldn't decide which three to put forward so decided I'd just post all the experiments I liked the effect of. In each piece I firstly greyscaled the images I was using, then played around with; layering different images on top of one another using the various frames available; different filters and effects that are available including the different Duotone filters, Bad TV filters, Colour Mix filters, Glitch effects, Liquify effects, Pixelate effects, Screen effects, and the Slice effects; and playing with adjusting the visual elements such as the brightness, contrast, saturation, and tint.

*couldn't show process in images as I was using a laptop*

[frasermcnamee]

First image-

I took some cuttings from newspapers of people's faces, text and animals, and moved stuff around until I was happy with the way it looked. I then used markers to draw the background shapes in different colours.

Second image-

I uploaded the image to Ibis Paint X and applied the filters 'sheer (line)', 'triangular pixelate'. Third image-

Finally, after adjusting the contrast, I used 'speed line' on the right side.

[frasermcnamee]

First image-

I began by taking newspaper cuttings of images and text which interested me, and then stuck them down using a glue stick.

Second image-

I then read through, looking to find an article which I found interesting, as I hoped to overlay the text through the piece to fill in the white background space, and also make reference to Jimmy Turrells work as he uses text to fill space in a number of his pieces. I uploaded the original image to Ibis Paint X, then added a layer to upload the image of the article and lowered the opacity to allow the original text and images to stand out above the text.

Third image-

I overlayed the article, and applied the glitch filter, playing around with the options until I was satisfied with the effect and colours.

Fourth image-

Finally, I applied the filter 'channels shift' and modified until I was happy with the piece.

[frasermcnamee]

I used the masking tape with the lettering cut out from my other piece which had paint scraped over it for the focus of this piece, fitting with the group's use of recycled materials. I then also used the inked up newspaper, however was not happy with the effect and wanted to add something more. I was lifting the tape from the newspaper, and as I was lifting it being careful as it was still wet, which then allowed me to see the effect adding my own hand to the image created. I decided to incorporate this into my final piece and took some images of my hand above the newspaper, holding the tape. When I found the image I was happy with I played around on Ibis X, and then decided the effect which had the best visual impact was simply increasing the contrast.

Final piece:

[frasermcnamee]

For this piece I first cut three bits of masking tape and stuck them onto a sheet of paper. I then used my scalpel to cut the lettering 'the recycled orchestra' from within the tape, and then blotted next to each section of tape some acrylic paint. I used a scraper to spread the paint across, waited for it to slightly dry, and removed the tape, shown in the third image. I placed the piece on top of inked up newspaper to darken the letters. I then used Ibis X, and applied the polar coordinates effect, and then applied the filter 'noise' and adjusted how strong I wanted the noise to be, to give an old TV static type effect.

Final image:

[frasermcnamee]

I began by cutting letters from newspapers, then took photos of the letters I decided on using after laying them out on some paper. I then used the app Ibis X to increase the contrast of the lettering, and then added two images of my day in different layers, lowering the opacity to give the effect of transparency in each. I decided to do this as the theme for the album cover was 'beauty in the mundane', and the images I used for this piece were one from my bed of my bedroom which is currently getting boxed up to be done up, and one image being a frying pan I made square sausage on in the morning :)

Final piece:

[frasermcnamee]

First image-

Cut out some human shapes from newspapers sitting around the house.

Then layered them and loosely placed them on paper.

Second image-

Tidied up cuttings then glued them down, afterwards dripping black ink and allowing to run down the page naturally. I then used pastels to add messy patterning in the remaining white areas.

Third image-

After playing with editing on Ibis Paint X, I came to this using some tools such as warp and the bucket to fill colour in the background.

Fourth image-

Final image, used the filter glitch, which I really love the effect of.

[frasermcnamee]

Jimmy Turrell

Jimmy Turrell was born in Newcastle in 1975, and went on to find his passion as a graphic designer and visual artist. He went on to study in Central St Martins as he was keen to develop his skills further. He mainly works with collage, screenprinting, drawing, painting and digital techniques. Turrell's work is an eye-catching mix of warm tones, geometric shapes and nostalgic images, usually including peoples faces, or sections/parts of the face. He has done lots of work for many different companies and groups including; Hugo boss, with which he collaborated to create both a menswear and womenswear collection; Becks, WOW lyric video screenprint; The Guardian Newspaper, with who he has edited many important pieces to go with headline news; Adidas, for promotional purposes; and many more.

Some images of Turrell's work, including Screenprint work for the Beck's ‘WOW’ lyric video

Some of Turrell's cover work which I am fond of, done for Creative Review.

His work for the Guardian Newspaper.

Some work for Adidas.

[frasermcnamee]

Roger Dean

Roger Dean, born William Roger Dean, 31st of August 1944, is an english artist, publisher and designer who is best known for his album and poster designs in the late 1960′s, and working most closely with the rock bands Yes, Asia, Budgie and Uriah Deep. He was born in Ashford, Kent, however spent most of his younger years between Hong Kong and Cypress. As a child he had a keen interest in nature, and while living in Hong Kong he was inspired by the Chinese culture, more specifically chinese landscape art. Known primarily for the dreamy, other-worldly scenes he has created for bands, Dean has described himself primarily as a landscape painter. His work consists mainly of mixed media pieces, using materials such as gouache, ink, enamel, crayon and collage. In addition to his cover paintings, Dean is also respected for his calligraphic work, designing logos and titles to go with his paintings. Dean studied silversmithing and furniture design at Canterbury College of Art, leaving with a National Diploma in design. He also studied at the Royal College of Art in London, graduating with a masters degree.  He was inspired by the idea of ‘Designing the future’, and from that point forward his work became a collection of surreal, seemingly out of this world scenes, which always captivate those who view his work.

Some images of Dean's work, including album cover for Drama, by the rock band 'Yes'.

[frasermcnamee]

Keith Haring

Keith Allen Haring, born 4th May 1958, was an American artist whose pop art and graffiti-like work grew out of the New York City street culture of the 1980s. His work consists of lots of fluid linework and shapes which can, collectively, be seen as different subject matters, including people, animals, and objects, which can be distinguished through his use of line and colour. Haring developed a distinct pop-graffiti aesthetic centered on fluid, bold outlines against dense, rhythmic imagery like that of babies, barking dogs, flying saucers, hearts, and Mickey Mouse. Much of his work includes sexual references which turned into social activism, and ultimately aided in the recognition and understanding of AIDs and safe sexual health. He achieved this by using sexual images to advocate for safe sex and AIDS awareness, as he himself suffered from AIDs and wanted to spread awareness on the issue.

'Without You' album cover, David Bowie, Keith Haring (1984)

Some other topical works by Haring.

[frasermcnamee]

Andy Warhol

Andy Warhol, born Andrew Warhola, August 6, 1928, was an American artist, producer, and film director who was a prominent figure in the visual art movement known as pop art. His works explore the relationship between artistic expression, advertising, and celebrity culture that flourished in the 60s. His works span a variety of media, including painting, silkscreening, photography, film, and sculpture. Some of his best known works include the silkscreen paintings Marilyn Diptych (1962) and Campbell's soup cans (1962), the experimental film Chelsea Girls (1966). Warhol's work also includes the multimedia events known as the Exploding Plastic Inevitable (1966–67), in which the group The Velvet Underground and Nico recorded their iconic debut album, which was titled after the group and the singer featured respectively, "The Velvet Underground & Nico", and went on to be one of the most influential rock albums of all time, inspiring all kinds of genres such as grunge, punk, art rock, indie, garage, and goth. For this album, Warhol designed the cover, which was seen at the time as a very smart financial decision as the album would forever be simultaneous with Warhol's work, however commercially the album did not do so well at first. The cover even featured a peel-off sticker which would allow buyers to peel the banana skin to reveal the fleshy coloured banana fruit beneath.

Typical of the artist, he reproduced imagery from existing commercial sources, such as the banana from the album cover he designed for The Velvet Underground & Nico's album, to create works in various mediums throughout his career. He made paintings, photographs and print editions, including silkscreens and screenprints, inspired by the banana. Other images that became prime subject matter and iconic images of his work included the Cambell’s Soup Can, Marilyn Monroe, Coca-Cola bottle's and Mickey Mouse.

Marilyn Diptych (1962)