Autonomous decision-making systems are in place already today, including ones that support life-critical scenarios and travel.
PUT YOUR BEARD IN MY MOUTH
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Autonomous decision-making systems are in place already today, including ones that support life-critical scenarios and travel.
Article 3 of the Series on Ethics in Artificial Intelligence In the previous article, we talked about the nature of human fears in relation to artificial intelligence (AI). We also outlined two important themes to address in the upcoming challenges of the AI era: the societal, and decision-ma
In this article our goal is to briefly cover areas in which AI has achieved amazing progress, discuss the nature of human fears in relation to the changes brought by artificial intelligence and prepare the foundation for deeper discussions by breaking down the problem into smaller pieces.
“AI for good”, — the expression is used frequently and almost no industry meeting nowadays will finish before someone mentions the words “ethics” and “AI” together. The importance of ethics in the development and functioning of the solutions backed by artificial intelligence should not be underestim
Quantitative Ethics - Governance and ethics of AI decisions
Presented as a part of the conference "Robots and Artificial Intelligence: The new force awakens" held in Nice, France in March 2018. This presentation provides framework and strategies to approach ethical aspects in the development of the AI of tomorrow.
The main topics discussed:
Data is the new electricity
Artificial intelligence and the decision making
Ethical frameworks for artificial intelligence
I am looking for an experienced QA Engineer to enhance my team.
As the Quality Assurance Engineer at PocketConfidant AI, you will build up the knowledge and processes to take our product to new heights of improvement. We are looking for someone with a holistic approach to application development and delivery, ensuring that product releases get to users faster and at a higher quality. Your attention to detail and the ability to take many moving parts and fit them into a comprehensive picture are the critical skills here. QA Engineer will oversee the entire product development life-cycle, play closely with all stakeholders and set up processes to bring quality and empowerment to our users and customers.
Let me know if you know someone interested or apply on Angel.co
Economy of the Europe’s fastest-growing companies in technology sector
Recently FT published the list of Europe’s fastest-growing companies. What is interesting about this list is that it includes not only companies that have been on the market since a long while and developed their path to grow, but also recently founded companies.
Below you can see my brief analytics on revenue from the latest report on Europe’s fastest-growing companies in technology sector.
On the graph companies in tech age<10y, data: FT1000
Design is the scientific method of doing business
Daniel Burka says design is the scientific method for businesses, if done right. Design is the method of communication to iterate and bring product faster to market.
High speed BCI-enabled typing
This is yesterday and tomorrow. Highest performance communication throughput of ~ 8 words per minute has been achieved by Stanford University researchers. Jaimie Henderson and Krishna Shenoy have demonstrated that a brain-to-computer hookup can enable people with paralysis to type via direct brain control at the highest speeds and accuracy levels reported to date.
Technology can improve communication and curb social isolation of kids with autism
How the Human Brain Decides What Is Important and What’s Not
The Wizard of Oz told Dorothy to “pay no attention to that man behind the curtain” in an effort to distract her, but a new Princeton University study sheds light on how people learn and make decisions in real-world situations.
The research is in Neuron. (full access paywall)
Just one thing: we are expanding our tech team. Please apply here if you’d like to accept the challenge and join as a Front-end developer.
You’d better reformat your tables
Eole discusses the anatomy and physiology of the inner ear and explains how these boarding ring glasses alleviate the symptoms of motion sickness.
Are EEG neurofeedback benefits due to placebo effects?
Neurofeedback using electroencephalograpy boasts thousands of practitioners and appears to both improve normal brain function and alleviate a wide variety of mental disorders – from anxiety to alcoholism. But after examining the scientific literature and consulting experts in Europe and the U.S., McGill University researchers Robert Thibault and Amir Raz conclude that clinical improvements from this increasingly popular alternative therapy are due to placebo effects.
Writing in Lancet Psychiatry, they report that “sham neurofeedback” improves outcomes as much as true EEG neurofeedback. “Patients spend thousands of dollars and dedicate up to six months training their brain with neurofeedback,” Thibault says. “Yet, they are chasing elusive brain-based processes.”
Future research should focus on the psychological and social influences that account for clinical improvement from these treatments, and study how to apply these elements “in a fashion that is both scientifically judicious and ethically acceptable,” the researchers write. One hopeful note: unlike neurofeedback with EEG, they say, nascent findings from neurofeedback with functional magnetic resonance imaging “seem to pave a promising, albeit tentative, road” toward the coveted “self-regulating brain.”
Just one less thing
Amazing what people invent to increase productivity and to live a healthy life. Sitting is claimed to be the new smoking today. Some of you have noticed the "movement for health" as well as did many startup projects like Locus, Big Rig, TrekDesk. They all strive to bring some solutions on the table and to capitalize on the trend. That's good in general.
Recently I stumbled over an interesting proposal for walking while working by Robb Godshaw. Aka treadmill for humans.
Looks like a simple neat idea, let me comment and give my two cents on that.
We tend to "economize" the time: passionately texting with our smartphone while walking, reading our e-book in a backseat of a car, or reading an exciting chapter of our newly bought book when we ascend the stairs of our office. I am sure, most of the readers (including myself) did these things many times in their life. I know, eating alphabet can't wait :) I have nothing against treadmills for humans, but let's see what happens in our brain when we move and read.
Alignment of sensory input
When we move, the brain integrates information from a variety of sources for the sake of coordination. These sources include sight, touch, sense of limb position that is called proprioception, the inner ear and, also, the brain's own expectations. The inner ear is particularly important because it contains sensors for both angular motion (the semicircular canals) and linear motion (the otoliths). These sensors are called the vestibular system. Under most circumstances, the senses and expectations agree. When they disagree, however, conflict arises and motion sickness can occur. Motion sickness usually combines elements of spatial disorientation, nausea and vomiting.
Eye movement during reading
Eye movement during reading was described in the late 19th century by the French ophthalmologist Louis Émile Javal. There are two main types of eye movements, one is called saccades (eye movement jumps) and the other is called pursuits (smooth, tracking eye movements). Saccades are important for reading because the eyes have to jump from word to word and line to line. These are extremely small movements and therefore they have to be extremely precise in order to land the eye on the correct target. If saccades are not working in the most efficient manner possible, the eyes may seem to dart all over the place, words may jump around on the page, or a reader may skip lines. Pursuits are important for following moving targets such as in sports or when watching your hand when writing. When pursuits lack efficiency, eye/hand coordination tasks become difficult if not seemingly impossible.
Ok, now we know the basics, and you could ask "what's next"? Now let me move ahead and talk about reading while moving.
Maintaining focus
The ability of our eye to effectively change focus from distance (infinity) to short distance is called accommodation. The brain must tell the eyes to change focus rapidly for large shifts in focus distances (like from landscape to the book) or it must tell the eyes to maintain focus at short for prolonged tasks such as reading from the screen. Accommodation occurs in time range of about 350 milliseconds as a consequence of a reduction in zonular tension induced by ciliary muscle contraction. Reading highly involves focusing and it is an important visual skill that allows to maintain clear vision up close for extended periods of time. When we move, stabilization of the gaze is realized through vestibular ocular reflex (VOR) that maintains eyes relative to the external world, compensating for head movements, by rotating the eyes in opposite direction. This reflex prevents visual images from slipping on the surface of the retina (retinal slip) as head position varies. The VOR also acts during the coordinated eye-head movements (gaze shifts), compensating for the portion of the head movement that lags the more rapid displacements of the eye. VOR adaptation are controlled by the cerebellum and is driven by our built-in accelerometer, the vestibular system.
When we move, body and head position changes. Vestibular system in interplay with the cerebellum commands the gaze maintenance through vestibular reflexes. In the situation when we don't need to maintain the prolonged close focus, accommodation just follows. As reflexes are very rapid (the latency of the VOR is about 15 ms), the focus readjustment is constantly triggered but is not necessarily complete. This happens due to the big discrepancy with accommodation latency. As a result, we could still be able to see the text but our eyes would be tiring faster.
To experience how it works in "home conditions", just ask you friend to hold your smartphone, while you read from its screen. When your phone is in your own hand, your brain still could compensate for slight limb movement due to proprioceptive mechanisms. But this compensation becomes more and more difficult when your body movement is uncoordinated with the close target (like a text on the screen) movement/vibration. Basically, if the brain doesn't understand where to aim the focusing system, visual stress can creep in.
So what is the point? Of course, my post is not intended to criticize inventors or scare users, but rather to increase awareness about the fact that our brain is not built to read while we move. Prolonged visual stress can cause structural changes to the eye by means of elongation of the eyeball in order to reduce the amount of focusing. As a result, long distance vision could become blurry and the person nearsighted.
What if some simple adjustments could be made to the product or to our behaviors for making us healthier at work?
Given the need of the vestibular adjustment, the designers could potentially reduce the need for the refocus by doing the following steps:
Letting the screen move with the user's head
Or by tracking the head position and feeding forward the changes to constant reposition of the UI elements on the screen.
On the other hand, induced healthy behaviors would require to:
Build environments that motivate regular periodic pauses in the daily working schedule
Introduce physical games
Conduct stand-up meetings
Prioritize mental focus
Decrease destructions and noise
Just as my wife reasonably points out to me: "one thing at a time".
Machine Listening: Interview with Juan Pablo Bello
A probabilistic latent component analysis of a pitch class sequence for The Beatles’ Good Day Sunshine. The top layer shows the original representation (time vs pitch class). Subsequent layers show latent components.
What is music? Or rather, what differentiates music from noise?
If you ask John Cage, “everything we do is music.” Forced to sit silently for 4’33”, we masters of apophenia end up hearing music in noise (or just squirm in discomfort…), perceiving order and meaning in sounds that normally escape notice. For Cage, music is in the ears of the listener. To study it is to study how we perceive.
But Cage wrote 4’33” at time when many artists were challenging inherited notions of art. Others, dating back to Pythagoras (who defined harmony in terms of ratios and proportions), have defined music through the structural properties that make music music, and separate different musical styles.
The latest efforts to understand music lie in the field of machine listening, where researchers use computers to analyze audio data to identify meaning and structure in it like humans do. Some machine listening researchers analyze urban and environmental sounds, as at SONYC.
This August in NYC, researchers in machine listening and related fields will convene at the International Society for Music Information Retrieval (ISMIR) conference. The conference is of interest to anyone working in data or digital media, offering practical workshops and hackathons for the NYC data community.
We interviewed NYU Steinhardt Professor Juan Pablo Bello, an organizer of ISMIR 2016 working in machine listening, to learn more about the conference and the latest developments in the field. Keep reading for highlights!
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