Bottom Surgery Research - Risks
A study of postoperative men showed that on average, 25% had one or more serious complications of the neopenis. The ones reported consisted of:Â
Loss of the phallus from either disease or blood supply issues
Cephalic vein thrombosis (blood clot)
Arterial ischemia (shortage of blood supply)
Distal limited necrosis (death of parts of the penis)
In the same study, chances of complications of the extended urethra were higher, averaging 55%. The most common complications reported were:
Urinary fistula (hole) requiring perineal urethrostomy
Urinary fistula (hole) with conservative treatment
Urinary retention (from stenosis or narrowing of the new urethra)
(Erectile) prosthesis change (from complications)
(Erectile) prosthesis explantation (removal of the prosthesis without replacement)
Overall urethral complication rate for RFFF phalloplasty was 31.5%; the overall pALT rate was 32.8%. The rate of partial or total neophallus loss was 7.8% for pALT and 3.4% for RFFF. Patients in the pALT cohort experienced significantly greater odds of urethral fistula (OR=2.50, p=0.024), non-urethral complications (OR=2.38, p=0.027), and phallus wound dehiscence (OR=5.03, p=0.026).
Decreased sensation   Â
Hypergranulation, slowing down wound healing and raising risk of infection.Â
Adhesions: A band of scar tissue that binds two parts of tissue together.
Long-term Complications    Â
Urethral stricture is a narrowing or closure of the new urethra caused by scar tissue or hair growth in the urethra. Strictures typically develop 6-12 months post-operatively. Symptoms include a weak urine stream, difficulty urinating, or a complete inability to urinate. If surgical treatment is not pursued, the patient will likely face a lifetime of repeated dilations.4
Postvoid incontinence or dribbling occurs in about 79% of Phalloplasty patients according to this study. 5
Wound contracture leading to distortion of surrounding tissues and contour defects.
Scars can stretch, become red and raised (hypertrophic), or grow beyond their original dimensions (keloid).
    Risks Associated with Penile and Testicular Implants    Â
Infection is the most common complication with implants. If an implant becomes infected, it typically has to be removed. Replacement can occur six months later.
Erosion is when the implant breaks through the skin. Surgical removal is required if this occurs.
Loss or displacement of testicular implants occurs at a rate of 2-30% and can increase the risk of urethral complications.6