PIC Microcontroller Tutorial for Beginners

[pictutorial-blog]

Digital Clock [Real Time] Using DS1307 and PIC Microcontroller [step by step ] (Updated)

This tutorial contains description about microcontroller based digital clock and DS1307 .We know microcontroller is a computer and specific time  required to complete each task .So we cannot get real time and that's why we need a real time clock IC .We will use DS1307 IC in this tutorial .

 Digital Clock [Real Time] Using DS1307 and PIC Microcontroller [step by step ]

DS1307 IC:

DS1307 is a real time clock IC which basically works with low power and returns BCD(Binary Coded Decimal)  number. We will describe later about BCD .

Through this IC we can get  year, month, date, hour, minute and second .The months , days , second can be incremented  automatically and It can operate either in 24-hour format or 12-hour format with AM/PM .DS1307 has built in power sensing circuit which can backup the IC automatically during the failure of power supply.Crystal (1000KHz)  is required to operate this IC and  don't need any external capacitor connection . 

DS1307

At this stage , we have got basic information about DS1307 .In this tutorial we need to use I2C communication with Microcontroller . Description about I2C communication are given below .

I2C Communication with Microcontroller using MikroC 

The I2C(I Squared C) communication means "  Inter-Integrated Circuit  Communication"  .A microcontroller can communicate with low power peripherals through I2C .To make a successful I2C communication we just need two ends or pins[ SCL and SDA ].Here SCL for clock selection and SDA for data . Both SCL and SDA are Open Drain drives that means the chip can drive it's low output and cannot drive the high output. It 's required to connect two pull up resistors in such way that one end of both resistors with +5v and  others end with SCL , SDA respectively so that the higher output can be driven .The pull up resistors value will be according to the I2C bus frequency .We are using 2k Ohm pull up resistor in this Tutorial .

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MikroC Library for I2C :

void I2C1_Init(const unsigned long clock); this function is needed to initialize and returns nothing .We have to provide frequency as it's arguments .    Example  : I2C1_Init(100000);

unsigned short I2C1_Start(void) ; this function is needed to start communication .                  Example : I2C1_Start();

void I2C1_Repeated_Start(void); for starting again .

unsigned short I2C1_Is_Idle(void); Returns 1 if I²C bus is free, otherwise returns 0.

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 unsigned short I2C1_Rd(unsigned short ack); Returns one byte from the slave .

unsigned short I2C1_Wr(unsigned short data_); Sends data byte (parameter data) via I²C bus.

void I2C1_Stop(void); To stop the signal .

The Time Keeper Register  of DS1307:

The Time Keeper Register  of DS1307

Here we can see the address of each function ,data bits and data range .First we have to initialize the I2C using 10kHz frequency and start the communication using start function .Now if we like to write , it's required to send out 0xD0 [D0=0x68+0]through write function so that the IC can be enabled for writing to us.Instructions given below :

I2C1_Wr(0xD0); [D0=0x68+0] I2C1_Wr(address);

During reading the data comes from DS1307 , we need to send out 0xD1 [D1=0x68+1]through write functiono that the IC can be enabled for reading to us .Instructions given in below :

 I2C1_Wr(0xD1);[D1=0x68+1]

data = I2C1_Rd(0);

Here in I2C1_Rd(0); To read data we will use Readdata(adrs) function and it is user defined function. In "Readdata(0);" function we will write 0 as argument and the 0 means address of Seconds Register.This function returns short type data in BCD . I this way we can read data from each address .An important thing needed to notice that bit 6 of hour register is defined as the 24-hour or 12-hour mode selection bit.If we select 1 the bit 5 of hour used for representing AM/PM and if we select 0 the bit 5 used for representing hour .

BCD Number:

BCD number means Binary Coded Decimal number where each binary number is in 4bit .If we consider a decimal number 21 ,the BCD conversion will be 00100001 .Here blue represents the 2 and red represents 1. In that way we get BCD .Now the question is how can we get character from BCD  ?Cause if we like to show in LCD , we need character .Look at the code given below : (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});

First Char from BCD

char firstcharofbcd(char bcddata) { char tireturn;       tireturn= (bcddata >> 4) +0x30; Here we are shifting 4 bits to right hand side .   return tireturn; } If we consider 21 we can get 2 in character format .Because in short format data we added 0x30 , which is  character '0' .So the sum of '0'+0010 = '2' .

Second Char from BCD

char secondcharofbcd(char bcddata) { char toret; toret=(bcddata & 0x0F) + 0x30;   return toret; } .    0x0F means '00001111' .We know in an AND gate if any input is low or 0 and the gate output is 0.If all input is 1 and we can get output 1.So by applying AND operation between 0x0F and BCD , we can make first  0000 bit as 0 .Look at the example given below : 00100001 00001111 & ------------- 00000001= 1 I think we get all required basic information .Now lets create a project in Proteus .

Proteus Project : 

Please follow the instructions given below :

Pick all the required parts and Complete the circuit as given below :

Note : In practical , you have to connect 12MHz crystal between pin9 and pin10 . Also remember that 1 & 20 will be connected with VDD and 8 & 19 will be connected with GND . 

 Digital Clock [Real Time] Using DS1307 and PIC Microcontroller [step by step ]

 Now we need the .hex file .So lets Create a project in MikroC .Please follow the steps given below :

MikroC Code :

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

Load the source code on microcontroller and just run the project now .

Source Code :

(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); sbit LCD_RS at RB7_bit; sbit LCD_EN at RB6_bit; sbit LCD_D4 at RB5_bit; sbit LCD_D5 at RB4_bit; sbit LCD_D6 at RB3_bit; sbit LCD_D7 at RB2_bit; sbit LCD_RS_Direction at TRISB7_bit; sbit LCD_EN_Direction at TRISB6_bit; sbit LCD_D4_Direction at TRISB5_bit; sbit LCD_D5_Direction at TRISB4_bit; sbit LCD_D6_Direction at TRISB3_bit; sbit LCD_D7_Direction at TRISB2_bit; short readdata(short adrs){ short getinp; I2C1_Start(); I2C1_Wr(0xD0); I2C1_Wr(adrs); I2C1_Repeated_Start(); I2C1_Wr(0xD1); getinp=I2C1_Rd(0); I2C1_Stop(); return getinp; } void writedata(unsigned short adrs,short writedat) { I2C1_Start(); I2C1_Wr(0xD0); I2C1_Wr(adrs); I2C1_Wr(writedat); I2C1_Stop(); } char firstcharofbcd(char bcddata) { char tireturn; tireturn= (bcddata >> 4) +0x30; return tireturn; } char secondcharofbcd(char bcddata) { char toret; toret=(bcddata & 0x0F) + 0x30; return toret; } char time[] = " : : "; char date[] = " / / "; short inc,in; short chk; short sec; short mint; short hr; short h, ht; short day; short mon; short yr; short wk; char wkd; void main() { I2C1_Init(100000); //DS1307 I2C is running at 100KHz inc=0; CMCON = 0x07; // To turn off comparators ADCON1 = 0x0F; // To turn off analog to digital converters TRISA = 0x3F; Lcd_Init(); // Initialize LCD Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CLEAR); // Clear display Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CURSOR_OFF); // Cursor off Lcd_out(1,1,"Time:"); while(1){ sec = readdata(0); mint = readdata(1); hr = readdata(2); h=hr; // for 12 hour format // here means 00100000 in binary and we can get a signal in change of AM/PM /* I dont know why 12hour format is not working .I worked hard but it didnot work . Finally i make it manually , you can see here .Thank You !! */ /////////////////////////////////////// h= Bcd2Dec(h); if(h-12>=0){ if(h-12==0) { ht=12 ; chk=1; } if(h-12==1) { ht=1 ; chk=1; } if(h-12==2) { ht=2 ; chk=1; } if(h-12==3) { ht=3 ; chk=1; } if(h-12==4) { ht=4 ; chk=1; } if(h-12==5) { ht=5 ; chk=1; } if(h-12==6) { ht=6; chk=1; } if(h-12==7) { ht=7; chk=1; } if(h-12==8) { ht=8; chk=1; } if(h-12==9) { ht=9 ; chk=1; } if(h-12==10) { ht=10; chk=1; } if(h-12==11) { ht=11 ; chk=1; } } else{ if(h==0){ ht=12; chk=0; } else{ ht=h; chk=0; } } h=Dec2Bcd(ht); /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// wk=readdata(3); day = readdata(4); mon = readdata(5); yr = readdata(6); time[0] = firstcharofbcd(h); time[1] =secondcharofbcd(h); time[3] = firstcharofbcd(mint); time[4] = secondcharofbcd(mint); time[6] = firstcharofbcd(sec); time[7] = secondcharofbcd(sec); date[0] = firstcharofbcd(day); date[1] = secondcharofbcd(day); date[3] = firstcharofbcd(mon); date[4] = secondcharofbcd(mon); date[6] = firstcharofbcd(yr); date[7] = secondcharofbcd(yr); wkd=secondcharofbcd(wk); switch(wkd){ case '1': date[9] ='S'; date[10] ='u'; date[11] ='n'; date[12] ='d'; date[13] ='a'; date[14] ='y'; break; case '2': date[9] ='M'; date[10] ='o'; date[11] ='n'; date[12] ='d'; date[13] ='a'; date[14] ='y'; break; case '3': date[9] ='T'; date[10] ='u'; date[11] ='e'; date[12] ='d'; date[13] ='a'; date[14] ='y'; break; case '4': date[9] ='W'; date[10] ='e'; date[11] ='d'; date[12] ='d'; date[13] ='a'; date[14] ='y'; break; case '5': date[9] ='T'; date[10] ='h'; date[11] ='u'; date[12] ='d'; date[13] ='a'; date[14] ='y'; break; case '6': date[9] ='F'; date[10] ='r'; date[11] ='i'; date[12] ='d'; date[13] ='a'; date[14] ='y'; break; case '7': date[9] ='S'; date[10] ='a'; date[11] ='t'; date[12] ='d'; date[13] ='a'; date[14] ='y'; break; } if(chk) { time[9] = 'P'; time[10] = 'M'; } else { time[9] = 'A'; time[10] = 'M'; } Lcd_out(1, 6, time); Lcd_out(2, 1, date); if(PORTA.F0==0){ inc++; delay_ms(300); mint=Bcd2Dec(mint); mint=mint+inc; if(mint>59){ mint=0; } mint=Dec2Bcd(mint); writedata(1,mint); } if(PORTA.F1==0){ delay_ms(300); h=readdata(2); inc=Bcd2Dec(h); inc++; if(inc>23){ inc=0; } h=Dec2Bcd(inc); writedata(2,h); } inc=0; if(PORTA.F2==0){ delay_ms(300); ////// wk= readdata(3); in=Bcd2Dec(wk); in++; if(in>7){ in=1; } wk= Dec2Bcd(in); writedata(3,wk); /////// h=readdata(4); inc=Bcd2Dec(h); inc++; yr=readdata(6); yr=Bcd2Dec(yr); if(yr%4==0){ mon=readdata(5); mon=Bcd2Dec(mon); if(mon==2){ if(inc>29){ inc=1; } } else if(mon==1 | mon==3 | mon==5 | mon==7 | mon==8 | mon==10| mon==12){ if(inc>31){ inc=1; } }else{ if(inc>30){ inc=1; } } }else{ mon=readdata(5); mon=Bcd2Dec(mon); if(mon==2) { if(inc>28){ inc=1; } } else if(mon==1 | mon==3 | mon==5 | mon==7 | mon==8 | mon==10| mon==12){ if(inc>31){ inc=1; } }else{ if(inc>30){ inc=1; } } } day=Dec2Bcd(inc); writedata(4,day); } inc=0; if(PORTA.F3==0){ inc++; delay_ms(300); if(inc>12){ inc=0; } mon=Bcd2Dec(mon); mon=mon+inc; if(mon>12){ mon=1; } mon=Dec2Bcd(mon); writedata(5,mon); } inc=0; if(PORTA.F4==0){ inc++; delay_ms(300); if(inc>59){ inc=0; } yr=Bcd2Dec(yr); yr=yr+inc; if(yr>59){ yr=1; } yr=Dec2Bcd(yr); writedata(6,yr); } if(PORTA.F5==0){ delay_ms(300); ////// wk= readdata(3); in=Bcd2Dec(wk); in++; if(in>7){ in=1; } wk= Dec2Bcd(in); writedata(3,wk); /////// } } }

Now , the go to the proteus circuit and double click on Microcontroller .Please the steps :

Output : 

 Watch Youtube Video :

          Download This Project

          Thank You!

http://feeds.feedburner.com/microcontroller_for_beginners

[pictutorial-blog]

Digital Clock [Real Time] Using DS1307 and PIC Microcontroller [step by step ] (Updated)

This tutorial contains description about microcontroller based digital clock and DS1307 .We know microcontroller is a computer and specific time  required to complete each task .So we cannot get real time and that's why we need a real time clock IC .We will use DS1307 IC in this tutorial .

 Digital Clock [Real Time] Using DS1307 and PIC Microcontroller [step by step ]

DS1307 IC:

DS1307 is a real time clock IC which basically works with low power and returns BCD(Binary Coded Decimal)  number. We will describe later about BCD .

Through this IC we can get  year, month, date, hour, minute and second .The months , days , second can be incremented  automatically and It can operate either in 24-hour format or 12-hour format with AM/PM .DS1307 has built in power sensing circuit which can backup the IC automatically during the failure of power supply.Crystal (1000KHz)  is required to operate this IC and  don't need any external capacitor connection . 

DS1307

At this stage , we have got basic information about DS1307 .In this tutorial we need to use I2C communication with Microcontroller . Description about I2C communication are given below .

I2C Communication with Microcontroller using MikroC 

The I2C(I Squared C) communication means "  Inter-Integrated Circuit  Communication"  .A microcontroller can communicate with low power peripherals through I2C .To make a successful I2C communication we just need two ends or pins[ SCL and SDA ].Here SCL for clock selection and SDA for data . Both SCL and SDA are Open Drain drives that means the chip can drive it's low output and cannot drive the high output. It 's required to connect two pull up resistors in such way that one end of both resistors with +5v and  others end with SCL , SDA respectively so that the higher output can be driven .The pull up resistors value will be according to the I2C bus frequency .We are using 2k Ohm pull up resistor in this Tutorial .

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MikroC Library for I2C :

void I2C1_Init(const unsigned long clock); this function is needed to initialize and returns nothing .We have to provide frequency as it's arguments .    Example  : I2C1_Init(100000);

unsigned short I2C1_Start(void) ; this function is needed to start communication .                  Example : I2C1_Start();

void I2C1_Repeated_Start(void); for starting again .

unsigned short I2C1_Is_Idle(void); Returns 1 if I²C bus is free, otherwise returns 0.

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 unsigned short I2C1_Rd(unsigned short ack); Returns one byte from the slave .

unsigned short I2C1_Wr(unsigned short data_); Sends data byte (parameter data) via I²C bus.

void I2C1_Stop(void); To stop the signal .

The Time Keeper Register  of DS1307:

The Time Keeper Register  of DS1307

Here we can see the address of each function ,data bits and data range .First we have to initialize the I2C using 10kHz frequency and start the communication using start function .Now if we like to write , it's required to send out 0xD0 [D0=0x68+0]through write function so that the IC can be enabled for writing to us.Instructions given below :

I2C1_Wr(0xD0); [D0=0x68+0] I2C1_Wr(address);

During reading the data comes from DS1307 , we need to send out 0xD1 [D1=0x68+1]through write functiono that the IC can be enabled for reading to us .Instructions given in below :

 I2C1_Wr(0xD1);[D1=0x68+1]

data = I2C1_Rd(0);

Here in I2C1_Rd(0); To read data we will use Readdata(adrs) function and it is user defined function. In "Readdata(0);" function we will write 0 as argument and the 0 means address of Seconds Register.This function returns short type data in BCD . I this way we can read data from each address .An important thing needed to notice that bit 6 of hour register is defined as the 24-hour or 12-hour mode selection bit.If we select 1 the bit 5 of hour used for representing AM/PM and if we select 0 the bit 5 used for representing hour .

BCD Number:

BCD number means Binary Coded Decimal number where each binary number is in 4bit .If we consider a decimal number 21 ,the BCD conversion will be 00100001 .Here blue represents the 2 and red represents 1. In that way we get BCD .Now the question is how can we get character from BCD  ?Cause if we like to show in LCD , we need character .Look at the code given below : (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});

First Char from BCD

char firstcharofbcd(char bcddata) { char tireturn;       tireturn= (bcddata >> 4) +0x30; Here we are shifting 4 bits to right hand side .   return tireturn; } If we consider 21 we can get 2 in character format .Because in short format data we added 0x30 , which is  character '0' .So the sum of '0'+0010 = '2' .

Second Char from BCD

char secondcharofbcd(char bcddata) { char toret; toret=(bcddata & 0x0F) + 0x30;   return toret; } .    0x0F means '00001111' .We know in an AND gate if any input is low or 0 and the gate output is 0.If all input is 1 and we can get output 1.So by applying AND operation between 0x0F and BCD , we can make first  0000 bit as 0 .Look at the example given below : 00100001 00001111 & ------------- 00000001= 1 I think we get all required basic information .Now lets create a project in Proteus .

Proteus Project : 

Please follow the instructions given below :

Pick all the required parts and Complete the circuit as given below :

Note : In practical , you have to connect 12MHz crystal between pin9 and pin10 . Also remember that 1 & 20 will be connected with VDD and 8 & 19 will be connected with GND . 

 Digital Clock [Real Time] Using DS1307 and PIC Microcontroller [step by step ]

 Now we need the .hex file .So lets Create a project in MikroC .Please follow the steps given below :

MikroC Code :

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

Load the source code on microcontroller and just run the project now .

Source Code :

(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); sbit LCD_RS at RB7_bit; sbit LCD_EN at RB6_bit; sbit LCD_D4 at RB5_bit; sbit LCD_D5 at RB4_bit; sbit LCD_D6 at RB3_bit; sbit LCD_D7 at RB2_bit; sbit LCD_RS_Direction at TRISB7_bit; sbit LCD_EN_Direction at TRISB6_bit; sbit LCD_D4_Direction at TRISB5_bit; sbit LCD_D5_Direction at TRISB4_bit; sbit LCD_D6_Direction at TRISB3_bit; sbit LCD_D7_Direction at TRISB2_bit; short readdata(short adrs){ short getinp; I2C1_Start(); I2C1_Wr(0xD0); I2C1_Wr(adrs); I2C1_Repeated_Start(); I2C1_Wr(0xD1); getinp=I2C1_Rd(0); I2C1_Stop(); return getinp; } void writedata(unsigned short adrs,short writedat) { I2C1_Start(); I2C1_Wr(0xD0); I2C1_Wr(adrs); I2C1_Wr(writedat); I2C1_Stop(); } char firstcharofbcd(char bcddata) { char tireturn; tireturn= (bcddata >> 4) +0x30; return tireturn; } char secondcharofbcd(char bcddata) { char toret; toret=(bcddata & 0x0F) + 0x30; return toret; } char time[] = " : : "; char date[] = " / / "; short inc,in; short chk; short sec; short mint; short hr; short h, ht; short day; short mon; short yr; short wk; char wkd; void main() { I2C1_Init(100000); //DS1307 I2C is running at 100KHz inc=0; CMCON = 0x07; // To turn off comparators ADCON1 = 0x0F; // To turn off analog to digital converters TRISA = 0x3F; Lcd_Init(); // Initialize LCD Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CLEAR); // Clear display Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CURSOR_OFF); // Cursor off Lcd_out(1,1,"Time:"); while(1){ sec = readdata(0); mint = readdata(1); hr = readdata(2); h=hr; // for 12 hour format // here means 00100000 in binary and we can get a signal in change of AM/PM /* I dont know why 12hour format is not working .I worked hard but it didnot work . Finally i make it manually , you can see here .Thank You !! */ /////////////////////////////////////// h= Bcd2Dec(h); if(h-12>=0){ if(h-12==0) { ht=12 ; chk=1; } if(h-12==1) { ht=1 ; chk=1; } if(h-12==2) { ht=2 ; chk=1; } if(h-12==3) { ht=3 ; chk=1; } if(h-12==4) { ht=4 ; chk=1; } if(h-12==5) { ht=5 ; chk=1; } if(h-12==6) { ht=6; chk=1; } if(h-12==7) { ht=7; chk=1; } if(h-12==8) { ht=8; chk=1; } if(h-12==9) { ht=9 ; chk=1; } if(h-12==10) { ht=10; chk=1; } if(h-12==11) { ht=11 ; chk=1; } } else{ if(h==0){ ht=12; chk=0; } else{ ht=h; chk=0; } } h=Dec2Bcd(ht); /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// wk=readdata(3); day = readdata(4); mon = readdata(5); yr = readdata(6); time[0] = firstcharofbcd(h); time[1] =secondcharofbcd(h); time[3] = firstcharofbcd(mint); time[4] = secondcharofbcd(mint); time[6] = firstcharofbcd(sec); time[7] = secondcharofbcd(sec); date[0] = firstcharofbcd(day); date[1] = secondcharofbcd(day); date[3] = firstcharofbcd(mon); date[4] = secondcharofbcd(mon); date[6] = firstcharofbcd(yr); date[7] = secondcharofbcd(yr); wkd=secondcharofbcd(wk); switch(wkd){ case '1': date[9] ='S'; date[10] ='u'; date[11] ='n'; date[12] ='d'; date[13] ='a'; date[14] ='y'; break; case '2': date[9] ='M'; date[10] ='o'; date[11] ='n'; date[12] ='d'; date[13] ='a'; date[14] ='y'; break; case '3': date[9] ='T'; date[10] ='u'; date[11] ='e'; date[12] ='d'; date[13] ='a'; date[14] ='y'; break; case '4': date[9] ='W'; date[10] ='e'; date[11] ='d'; date[12] ='d'; date[13] ='a'; date[14] ='y'; break; case '5': date[9] ='T'; date[10] ='h'; date[11] ='u'; date[12] ='d'; date[13] ='a'; date[14] ='y'; break; case '6': date[9] ='F'; date[10] ='r'; date[11] ='i'; date[12] ='d'; date[13] ='a'; date[14] ='y'; break; case '7': date[9] ='S'; date[10] ='a'; date[11] ='t'; date[12] ='d'; date[13] ='a'; date[14] ='y'; break; } if(chk) { time[9] = 'P'; time[10] = 'M'; } else { time[9] = 'A'; time[10] = 'M'; } Lcd_out(1, 6, time); Lcd_out(2, 1, date); if(PORTA.F0==0){ inc++; delay_ms(300); mint=Bcd2Dec(mint); mint=mint+inc; if(mint>59){ mint=0; } mint=Dec2Bcd(mint); writedata(1,mint); } if(PORTA.F1==0){ delay_ms(300); h=readdata(2); inc=Bcd2Dec(h); inc++; if(inc>23){ inc=0; } h=Dec2Bcd(inc); writedata(2,h); } inc=0; if(PORTA.F2==0){ delay_ms(300); ////// wk= readdata(3); in=Bcd2Dec(wk); in++; if(in>7){ in=1; } wk= Dec2Bcd(in); writedata(3,wk); /////// h=readdata(4); inc=Bcd2Dec(h); inc++; yr=readdata(6); yr=Bcd2Dec(yr); if(yr%4==0){ mon=readdata(5); mon=Bcd2Dec(mon); if(mon==2){ if(inc>29){ inc=1; } } else if(mon==1 | mon==3 | mon==5 | mon==7 | mon==8 | mon==10| mon==12){ if(inc>31){ inc=1; } }else{ if(inc>30){ inc=1; } } }else{ mon=readdata(5); mon=Bcd2Dec(mon); if(mon==2) { if(inc>28){ inc=1; } } else if(mon==1 | mon==3 | mon==5 | mon==7 | mon==8 | mon==10| mon==12){ if(inc>31){ inc=1; } }else{ if(inc>30){ inc=1; } } } day=Dec2Bcd(inc); writedata(4,day); } inc=0; if(PORTA.F3==0){ inc++; delay_ms(300); if(inc>12){ inc=0; } mon=Bcd2Dec(mon); mon=mon+inc; if(mon>12){ mon=1; } mon=Dec2Bcd(mon); writedata(5,mon); } inc=0; if(PORTA.F4==0){ inc++; delay_ms(300); if(inc>59){ inc=0; } yr=Bcd2Dec(yr); yr=yr+inc; if(yr>59){ yr=1; } yr=Dec2Bcd(yr); writedata(6,yr); } if(PORTA.F5==0){ delay_ms(300); ////// wk= readdata(3); in=Bcd2Dec(wk); in++; if(in>7){ in=1; } wk= Dec2Bcd(in); writedata(3,wk); /////// } } }

Now , the go to the proteus circuit and double click on Microcontroller .Please the steps :

Output : 

 Watch Youtube Video :

          Download This Project

          Thank You!

http://feeds.feedburner.com/microcontroller_for_beginners

[pictutorial-blog]

Create Musical Tone Using PIC Microcontroller[Step by Step ]

In this tutorial , i will show how to create melody using microcontroller and in this tutorial i will use pic18f2550 microcontroller .So let's create a project in proteus .

Proteus Project :

Please follow the instructions given below :

  Now pick pic18f2550, sounder, crystal,22pf capacitor,VDD and ground according to the instructions given below :

Now complete the circuit as given below :

MikroC Code :

Now  we need the source code .So create a project in MikroC and follow the instructions given below:

Source Code :

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

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void Tone1() {   Sound_Play(659, 250);   // Frequency = 659Hz, duration = 250ms } void Tone2() {   Sound_Play(698, 250);   // Frequency = 698Hz, duration = 250ms } void Tone3() {   Sound_Play(784, 250);   // Frequency = 784Hz, duration = 250ms } void Melody() {           // Plays the melody "Yellow house"   Tone1(); Tone2(); Tone3(); Tone3();   Tone1(); Tone2(); Tone3(); Tone3();   Tone1(); Tone2(); Tone3();   Tone1(); Tone2(); Tone3(); Tone3();   Tone1(); Tone2(); Tone3();   Tone3(); Tone3(); Tone2(); Tone2(); Tone1(); } void ToneA() {   Sound_Play( 880, 50); } void ToneC() {   Sound_Play(1046, 50); } void ToneE() {   Sound_Play(1318, 50); } void main() {     ADCON1=0x0F;   //disable adc     CMCON=7;         //disable comparator   Sound_Init(&PORTC,0);   Sound_Play(880, 1000);             // Play sound at 880Hz for 1 second   while (1) {   ToneA();   delay_ms(100);   ToneC();    delay_ms(100);   ToneE();    delay_ms(100);   Melody();   } }

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

Now follow the next instructions .

.

Now just run the project.

Thank You!

http://feeds.feedburner.com/microcontroller_for_beginners

[pictutorial-blog]

Create Musical Tone Using PIC Microcontroller[Step by Step ]

In this tutorial , i will show how to create melody using microcontroller and in this tutorial i will use pic18f2550 microcontroller .So let's create a project in proteus .

Proteus Project :

Please follow the instructions given below :

  Now pick pic18f2550, sounder, crystal,22pf capacitor,VDD and ground according to the instructions given below :

Now complete the circuit as given below :

MikroC Code :

Now  we need the source code .So create a project in MikroC and follow the instructions given below:

Source Code :

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});

void Tone1() {   Sound_Play(659, 250);   // Frequency = 659Hz, duration = 250ms } void Tone2() {   Sound_Play(698, 250);   // Frequency = 698Hz, duration = 250ms } void Tone3() {   Sound_Play(784, 250);   // Frequency = 784Hz, duration = 250ms } void Melody() {           // Plays the melody "Yellow house"   Tone1(); Tone2(); Tone3(); Tone3();   Tone1(); Tone2(); Tone3(); Tone3();   Tone1(); Tone2(); Tone3();   Tone1(); Tone2(); Tone3(); Tone3();   Tone1(); Tone2(); Tone3();   Tone3(); Tone3(); Tone2(); Tone2(); Tone1(); } void ToneA() {   Sound_Play( 880, 50); } void ToneC() {   Sound_Play(1046, 50); } void ToneE() {   Sound_Play(1318, 50); } void main() {     ADCON1=0x0F;   //disable adc     CMCON=7;         //disable comparator   Sound_Init(&PORTC,0);   Sound_Play(880, 1000);             // Play sound at 880Hz for 1 second   while (1) {   ToneA();   delay_ms(100);   ToneC();    delay_ms(100);   ToneE();    delay_ms(100);   Melody();   } }

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

Now follow the next instructions .

.

Now just run the project.

Thank You!

http://feeds.feedburner.com/microcontroller_for_beginners

[pictutorial-blog]

Matrix [4x4] Keypad interfacing with PIC Microcontroller [ PIC18f2550 ] in Proteus [Step by Step]

 Matrix [4x4] Keypad  interfacing with PIC Microcontroller [ PIC18f2550 ] in Proteus [Step by Step]

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Basically a matrix keypad[ 4x4] can be compared as a keyboard of microcontroller .The keypad contains 16 buttons .Internal architecture of keypad described below :

Taken from Internet

You can see  the button's structure  .Here each row is connected with ground through 10k ohm resistor . Now consider that A=1, B=0,C=0,D=0 and column A get +5v .At this situation , if you press   button[A,E]  , the E link get +5v .In this way for button[A,F] , F=+5v or 1, button[A,G] , G=1, button[A,H] , H= 1.

Listen , if we can make ABCD(1000) ,ABCD(0100),ABCD(0010), ABCD(0001) through a loop . Now any button  pressed  , we can uniquely identify the button .In this way the matrix keypad works .

Now Create a project in Proteus :

Proteus Project :

Please follow the steps

I am just trying to make easy for beginner .Now follow the instruction for pick parts from library .

Now pick  PIC18F4550  microcontroller , 22pf capacitor ,crystal , LCD DISPLAY [LM016L] , keypad  from proteus library .Now see the complete circuit given below :

 Matrix [4x4] Keypad  interfacing with PIC Microcontroller [ PIC18f2550 ] in Proteus [Step by Step]

Here i have connected each column with +5v instead of GND and now i am going to provide (1000) ,(0100),(0010),(0001) in each row respectively .So if any button  is pressed we get 0 according to this.

Now We have completed the Circuit and create a project in MikroC .

MikroC Project :

If  you are a beginner , please follow the steps given below :

 Source Code :

(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); sbit LCD_RS at RB7_bit; sbit LCD_EN at RB6_bit; sbit LCD_D4 at RB5_bit; sbit LCD_D5 at RB4_bit; sbit LCD_D6 at RB3_bit; sbit LCD_D7 at RB2_bit; sbit LCD_RS_Direction at TRISB7_bit; sbit LCD_EN_Direction at TRISB6_bit; sbit LCD_D4_Direction at TRISB5_bit; sbit LCD_D5_Direction at TRISB4_bit; sbit LCD_D6_Direction at TRISB3_bit; sbit LCD_D7_Direction at TRISB2_bit; // End LCD module connections char ch[]=" "; int j=0,ak=0,i=0; void main() { ADCON1=0x0F; CMCON=7; TRISA.F0=1; TRISA.F1=1; TRISA.F2=1; TRISA.F3=1; TRISC.F0=0; TRISC.F1=0; TRISC.F2=0; TRISC.F4=0; Lcd_Init(); Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CLEAR); // Clear display Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CURSOR_OFF); delay_ms(200); j=0; while(1){ PORTC=0x00; LCD_Out(1,1,"Matrix Keypad"); ak=5; delay_ms(200); while (ak==5){ PORTC=0x01; // if(PORTA.F0==1 & PORTA.F1==0 & PORTA.F2==0 & PORTA.F3==0) { ak=2; Lcd_Chr(2,4,'7'); ch[j]='7'; j++; } if(PORTA.F0==0 & PORTA.F1==1 & PORTA.F2==0 & PORTA.F3==0) { Lcd_Chr(2,4,'4'); ak=2; ch[j]='4'; j++; } if(PORTA.F0==0 & PORTA.F1==0 & PORTA.F2==1 & PORTA.F3==0) { Lcd_Chr(2,4,'1'); ch[j]='1'; ak=2; j++; } if(PORTA.F0==0 & PORTA.F1==0 & PORTA.F2==0 & PORTA.F3==1) { Lcd_Chr(2,4,'C'); ch[j]='C'; ak=2; j++; } PORTC=0x02; if(PORTA.F0==1 & PORTA.F1==0 & PORTA.F2==0 & PORTA.F3==0) { Lcd_Chr(2,4,'8'); ch[j]='8'; ak=2; j++; } if(PORTA.F0==0 & PORTA.F1==1 & PORTA.F2==0 & PORTA.F3==0) { Lcd_Chr(2,4,'5'); ch[j]='5'; ak=2; j++; } if(PORTA.F0==0 & PORTA.F1==0 & PORTA.F2==1 & PORTA.F3==0) { Lcd_Chr(2,4,'2'); ch[j]='2'; ak=2; j++; } if(PORTA.F0==0 & PORTA.F1==0 & PORTA.F2==0 & PORTA.F3==1) { Lcd_Chr(2,4,'0'); ch[j]='0'; ak=2; j++; } ///////////////////////// PORTC=0x04; // if(PORTA.F0==1 & PORTA.F1==0 & PORTA.F2==0 & PORTA.F3==0) { Lcd_Chr(2,4,'9'); ch[j]='9'; ak=2; j++; } if(PORTA.F0==0 & PORTA.F1==1 & PORTA.F2==0 & PORTA.F3==0) { Lcd_Chr(2,4,'6'); ch[j]='6'; ak=2; j++; } if(PORTA.F0==0 & PORTA.F1==0 & PORTA.F2==1 & PORTA.F3==0) { Lcd_Chr(2,4,'3'); ch[j]='3'; ak=2; j++; } if(PORTA.F0==0 & PORTA.F1==0 & PORTA.F2==0 & PORTA.F3==1) { Lcd_Chr(2,4,'='); ch[j]='='; ak=2; j++; } ///////////////////////// PORTC=0x10; // if(PORTA.F0==1 & PORTA.F1==0 & PORTA.F2==0 & PORTA.F3==0) { Lcd_Chr(2,4,'/'); ch[j]='/'; ak=2; j++; } if(PORTA.F0==0 & PORTA.F1==1 & PORTA.F2==0 & PORTA.F3==0) { Lcd_Chr(2,4,'*'); ch[j]='*'; ak=2; j++; } if(PORTA.F0==0 & PORTA.F1==0 & PORTA.F2==1 & PORTA.F3==0) { Lcd_Chr(2,4,'-'); ch[j]='-'; ak=2; j++; } if(PORTA.F0==0 & PORTA.F1==0 & PORTA.F2==0 & PORTA.F3==1) { Lcd_Chr(2,4,'+'); ch[j]='+'; ak=2; j++; } } } }

 Now follow the instructions, how to create .hex file and save .

 Now go to Proteus and Run the Project .

 In this way you will able to interface Keypad with Microcontroller .

Result Video :

(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Download This Project [100% Working] 

Thank You!

http://feeds.feedburner.com/microcontroller_for_beginners

[pictutorial-blog]

Matrix [4x4] Keypad interfacing with PIC Microcontroller [ PIC18f2550 ] in Proteus [Step by Step]

 Matrix [4x4] Keypad  interfacing with PIC Microcontroller [ PIC18f2550 ] in Proteus [Step by Step]

(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});

Basically a matrix keypad[ 4x4] can be compared as a keyboard of microcontroller .The keypad contains 16 buttons .Internal architecture of keypad described below :

Taken from Internet

You can see  the button's structure  .Here each row is connected with ground through 10k ohm resistor . Now consider that A=1, B=0,C=0,D=0 and column A get +5v .At this situation , if you press   button[A,E]  , the E link get +5v .In this way for button[A,F] , F=+5v or 1, button[A,G] , G=1, button[A,H] , H= 1.

Listen , if we can make ABCD(1000) ,ABCD(0100),ABCD(0010), ABCD(0001) through a loop . Now any button  pressed  , we can uniquely identify the button .In this way the matrix keypad works .

Now Create a project in Proteus :

Proteus Project :

Please follow the steps

I am just trying to make easy for beginner .Now follow the instruction for pick parts from library .

Now pick  PIC18F4550  microcontroller , 22pf capacitor ,crystal , LCD DISPLAY [LM016L] , keypad  from proteus library .Now see the complete circuit given below :

 Matrix [4x4] Keypad  interfacing with PIC Microcontroller [ PIC18f2550 ] in Proteus [Step by Step]

Here i have connected each column with +5v instead of GND and now i am going to provide (1000) ,(0100),(0010),(0001) in each row respectively .So if any button  is pressed we get 0 according to this.

Now We have completed the Circuit and create a project in MikroC .

MikroC Project :

If  you are a beginner , please follow the steps given below :

 Source Code :

(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); sbit LCD_RS at RB7_bit; sbit LCD_EN at RB6_bit; sbit LCD_D4 at RB5_bit; sbit LCD_D5 at RB4_bit; sbit LCD_D6 at RB3_bit; sbit LCD_D7 at RB2_bit; sbit LCD_RS_Direction at TRISB7_bit; sbit LCD_EN_Direction at TRISB6_bit; sbit LCD_D4_Direction at TRISB5_bit; sbit LCD_D5_Direction at TRISB4_bit; sbit LCD_D6_Direction at TRISB3_bit; sbit LCD_D7_Direction at TRISB2_bit; // End LCD module connections char ch[]=" "; int j=0,ak=0,i=0; void main() { ADCON1=0x0F; CMCON=7; TRISA.F0=1; TRISA.F1=1; TRISA.F2=1; TRISA.F3=1; TRISC.F0=0; TRISC.F1=0; TRISC.F2=0; TRISC.F4=0; Lcd_Init(); Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CLEAR); // Clear display Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CURSOR_OFF); delay_ms(200); j=0; while(1){ PORTC=0x00; LCD_Out(1,1,"Matrix Keypad"); ak=5; delay_ms(200); while (ak==5){ PORTC=0x01; // if(PORTA.F0==1 & PORTA.F1==0 & PORTA.F2==0 & PORTA.F3==0) { ak=2; Lcd_Chr(2,4,'7'); ch[j]='7'; j++; } if(PORTA.F0==0 & PORTA.F1==1 & PORTA.F2==0 & PORTA.F3==0) { Lcd_Chr(2,4,'4'); ak=2; ch[j]='4'; j++; } if(PORTA.F0==0 & PORTA.F1==0 & PORTA.F2==1 & PORTA.F3==0) { Lcd_Chr(2,4,'1'); ch[j]='1'; ak=2; j++; } if(PORTA.F0==0 & PORTA.F1==0 & PORTA.F2==0 & PORTA.F3==1) { Lcd_Chr(2,4,'C'); ch[j]='C'; ak=2; j++; } PORTC=0x02; if(PORTA.F0==1 & PORTA.F1==0 & PORTA.F2==0 & PORTA.F3==0) { Lcd_Chr(2,4,'8'); ch[j]='8'; ak=2; j++; } if(PORTA.F0==0 & PORTA.F1==1 & PORTA.F2==0 & PORTA.F3==0) { Lcd_Chr(2,4,'5'); ch[j]='5'; ak=2; j++; } if(PORTA.F0==0 & PORTA.F1==0 & PORTA.F2==1 & PORTA.F3==0) { Lcd_Chr(2,4,'2'); ch[j]='2'; ak=2; j++; } if(PORTA.F0==0 & PORTA.F1==0 & PORTA.F2==0 & PORTA.F3==1) { Lcd_Chr(2,4,'0'); ch[j]='0'; ak=2; j++; } ///////////////////////// PORTC=0x04; // if(PORTA.F0==1 & PORTA.F1==0 & PORTA.F2==0 & PORTA.F3==0) { Lcd_Chr(2,4,'9'); ch[j]='9'; ak=2; j++; } if(PORTA.F0==0 & PORTA.F1==1 & PORTA.F2==0 & PORTA.F3==0) { Lcd_Chr(2,4,'6'); ch[j]='6'; ak=2; j++; } if(PORTA.F0==0 & PORTA.F1==0 & PORTA.F2==1 & PORTA.F3==0) { Lcd_Chr(2,4,'3'); ch[j]='3'; ak=2; j++; } if(PORTA.F0==0 & PORTA.F1==0 & PORTA.F2==0 & PORTA.F3==1) { Lcd_Chr(2,4,'='); ch[j]='='; ak=2; j++; } ///////////////////////// PORTC=0x10; // if(PORTA.F0==1 & PORTA.F1==0 & PORTA.F2==0 & PORTA.F3==0) { Lcd_Chr(2,4,'/'); ch[j]='/'; ak=2; j++; } if(PORTA.F0==0 & PORTA.F1==1 & PORTA.F2==0 & PORTA.F3==0) { Lcd_Chr(2,4,'*'); ch[j]='*'; ak=2; j++; } if(PORTA.F0==0 & PORTA.F1==0 & PORTA.F2==1 & PORTA.F3==0) { Lcd_Chr(2,4,'-'); ch[j]='-'; ak=2; j++; } if(PORTA.F0==0 & PORTA.F1==0 & PORTA.F2==0 & PORTA.F3==1) { Lcd_Chr(2,4,'+'); ch[j]='+'; ak=2; j++; } } } }

 Now follow the instructions, how to create .hex file and save .

 Now go to Proteus and Run the Project .

 In this way you will able to interface Keypad with Microcontroller .

Result Video :

(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Download This Project [100% Working] 

Thank You!

http://feeds.feedburner.com/microcontroller_for_beginners

[pictutorial-blog]

Lcd 16x2 Scrolling Display Using PIC Microcontroller [Step by Step]

In this tutorial , i will show how to make a Scrolling Display using LCD and PIC18F2550 .

Generally LCD display has 16 pins . 16x2 means the display has 12 columns and 2 rows .

The picture given below shows about rows and columns .

 Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_SHIFT_RIGHT);

The picture given below discuss about each pin .

 Proteus Project :

Now we are going to create a new project in Proteus and follow instructions given below :

According to instruction pick from library 'pic18f2550' , crystal, 22pf capacitor, 5Kohm variable resistor ,power and ground. For lcd display please type "LM016L" on keywords .

In this tutorial we will use 4 data pin [D4-D7] .Now complete the circuit as given below :

We have completed the circuit .Now we need the source hex file .So create a new project in MikroC and follow the instructions:

MikroC Source Code :

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Required MikroC LCD Library Functions :

1.Lcd_Init   :  Initializes Lcd module.

2.Lcd_Out  :  Prints text on Lcd starting from specified position. Both string variables and literals can be passed as a text.

Parameters :

row: starting position row number

column: starting position column number

text: text to be written

(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); 3.Lcd_Cmd :   Sends command to Lcd.

a)     Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_SHIFT_RIGHT)  :This function is used for shifting on the right hand side .

          Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_SHIFT_RIGHT);

 Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_SHIFT_RIGHT);

b)     Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_SHIFT_LEFT)  :This function is used for shifting on the left hand side.

c)     Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CURSOR_OFF) : This function is used for setting the cursor off .

d)     Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CLEAR) :To Clear the lcd .

 Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_SHIFT_RIGHT);

 Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_SHIFT_RIGHT);

Source Code :

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

// (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); sbit LCD_RS at RB7_bit; sbit LCD_EN at RB6_bit; sbit LCD_D4 at RB5_bit; sbit LCD_D5 at RB4_bit; sbit LCD_D6 at RB3_bit; sbit LCD_D7 at RB2_bit; sbit LCD_RS_Direction at TRISB7_bit; sbit LCD_EN_Direction at TRISB6_bit; sbit LCD_D4_Direction at TRISB5_bit; sbit LCD_D5_Direction at TRISB4_bit; sbit LCD_D6_Direction at TRISB3_bit; sbit LCD_D7_Direction at TRISB2_bit; // End LCD module connections char txt1[]=" Moving Right"; char txt2[]=" Moving Left"; int i=0,j=0; void main() { ADCON1=0x0F; CMCON=7; Lcd_Init(); Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CLEAR); // Clear display Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CURSOR_OFF); while(1){ for(i=0;i<20;i++){ Lcd_Out(1,1,txt1); Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_SHIFT_RIGHT); delay_ms(200); } Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CLEAR); for(j=0;j<20;j++){ Lcd_Out(2,1,txt2); Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_SHIFT_LEFT); delay_ms(200); } } }

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////

 Now create a hex file with MikroC .Please follow the instructions :

Now go to the hardware and make double click on the Microcontroller  .Please follow the instructions:

I was just trying to make something good for beginner .If i made something wrong ,forgive me .

Thank You !

<!–google_ad_section_end–>

http://feeds.feedburner.com/microcontroller_for_beginners

[pictutorial-blog]

Lcd 16x2 Scrolling Display Using PIC Microcontroller [Step by Step]

In this tutorial , i will show how to make a Scrolling Display using LCD and PIC18F2550 .

Generally LCD display has 16 pins . 16x2 means the display has 12 columns and 2 rows .

The picture given below shows about rows and columns .

 Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_SHIFT_RIGHT);

The picture given below discuss about each pin .

 Proteus Project :

Now we are going to create a new project in Proteus and follow instructions given below :

According to instruction pick from library 'pic18f2550' , crystal, 22pf capacitor, 5Kohm variable resistor ,power and ground. For lcd display please type "LM016L" on keywords .

In this tutorial we will use 4 data pin [D4-D7] .Now complete the circuit as given below :

We have completed the circuit .Now we need the source hex file .So create a new project in MikroC and follow the instructions:

MikroC Source Code :

<!–google_ad_section_start-0><!–google_ad_section_start(weight=ignore)–>

Required MikroC LCD Library Functions :

1.Lcd_Init   :  Initializes Lcd module.

2.Lcd_Out  :  Prints text on Lcd starting from specified position. Both string variables and literals can be passed as a text.

Parameters :

row: starting position row number

column: starting position column number

text: text to be written

(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); 3.Lcd_Cmd :   Sends command to Lcd.

a)     Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_SHIFT_RIGHT)  :This function is used for shifting on the right hand side .

          Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_SHIFT_RIGHT);

 Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_SHIFT_RIGHT);

b)     Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_SHIFT_LEFT)  :This function is used for shifting on the left hand side.

c)     Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CURSOR_OFF) : This function is used for setting the cursor off .

d)     Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CLEAR) :To Clear the lcd .

 Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_SHIFT_RIGHT);

 Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_SHIFT_RIGHT);

Source Code :

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

// (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); sbit LCD_RS at RB7_bit; sbit LCD_EN at RB6_bit; sbit LCD_D4 at RB5_bit; sbit LCD_D5 at RB4_bit; sbit LCD_D6 at RB3_bit; sbit LCD_D7 at RB2_bit; sbit LCD_RS_Direction at TRISB7_bit; sbit LCD_EN_Direction at TRISB6_bit; sbit LCD_D4_Direction at TRISB5_bit; sbit LCD_D5_Direction at TRISB4_bit; sbit LCD_D6_Direction at TRISB3_bit; sbit LCD_D7_Direction at TRISB2_bit; // End LCD module connections char txt1[]=" Moving Right"; char txt2[]=" Moving Left"; int i=0,j=0; void main() { ADCON1=0x0F; CMCON=7; Lcd_Init(); Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CLEAR); // Clear display Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CURSOR_OFF); while(1){ for(i=0;i<20;i++){ Lcd_Out(1,1,txt1); Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_SHIFT_RIGHT); delay_ms(200); } Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CLEAR); for(j=0;j<20;j++){ Lcd_Out(2,1,txt2); Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_SHIFT_LEFT); delay_ms(200); } } }

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////

 Now create a hex file with MikroC .Please follow the instructions :

Now go to the hardware and make double click on the Microcontroller  .Please follow the instructions:

I was just trying to make something good for beginner .If i made something wrong ,forgive me .

Thank You !

<!–google_ad_section_end–>

http://feeds.feedburner.com/microcontroller_for_beginners

[pictutorial-blog]

Push Button Interfacing with PIC Microcontroller [Step by Step]

Basically computer system works on 0 and 1 .Here 0 for GND and 1  for VDD .Consider , we have a resistor which is connected with vdd .So at this state the resistor get '1'. Now connect a push button's one end at the point resistor connected with vdd and another end with ground .In this condition if we press the button , the resistor achieve 0 . It is the main theme . Now we are going to interface push button with Microcontroller and in this tutorial  i am going to use microcontroller PIC 18F2550 .

Proteus Circuit : 

Create a new project  in Proteus and follow the instructions .I am just trying to make easy for every one  .

[Note : If you don't know how to interface LCD  with microcontroller , please follow this tutorial  ] 

(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});

If  you completed those steps , then pick from library  ' pic18f2550' , crystal, 22pf capacitor, 10kohm resistor,5Kohm variable resistor ,power, ground , push button and LCD display( "LM016L" Model  ) according to the instructions given below .

If you got all parts , you can complete the circuit as given below :

In this circuit , we added resistors one end with PORTC and another end added with VDD . Push button's one end connected with PORTC and atother with GND . In this condition pressing the button will make enable 0 state .

Now we need the Source code for this microcontroller .So Create a new Project in MikroC  and follow the instructions :

 MikroC Code :

Source Code :

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); sbit LCD_RS at LATB7_bit; sbit LCD_EN at LATB6_bit; sbit LCD_D4 at LATB5_bit; sbit LCD_D5 at LATB4_bit; sbit LCD_D6 at LATB3_bit; sbit LCD_D7 at LATB2_bit; sbit LCD_RS_Direction at TRISB7_bit; sbit LCD_EN_Direction at TRISB6_bit; sbit LCD_D4_Direction at TRISB5_bit; sbit LCD_D5_Direction at TRISB4_bit; sbit LCD_D6_Direction at TRISB3_bit; sbit LCD_D7_Direction at TRISB2_bit; // End Lcd module connections void main(){    TRISC.F0=1;    TRISC.F1=1;   ADCON1=0x0F;              //Disable Analog to Digital Converter   CMCON=7;                    // Disable Comperator   Lcd_Init();                        // Initialize Lcd       while(1){   Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CLEAR);               // Clear display   Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CURSOR_OFF);          // Cursor off   Lcd_Out(1,1,"Microcontroller");   Lcd_Out(2,4,"Tutorial");                         // Write text in first row   delay_ms(400);   if(PORTC.F0==0){      Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CLEAR);               // Clear display   Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CURSOR_OFF);          // Cursor off   Lcd_Out(1,1,"Button_1");   Lcd_Out(2,4,"PORTC.F0");                         // Write text in first row   delay_ms(400);   }       if(PORTC.F1==0){      Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CLEAR);               // Clear display   Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CURSOR_OFF);          // Cursor off   Lcd_Out(1,1,"Button_2");   Lcd_Out(2,4,"PORTC.F1");                         // Write text in first row   delay_ms(400);   }   } } ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Look at Here :   TRISC.F0=1;   TRISC.F1=1; Here we selected the RESISTER for PORTC . We are using button that means we are providing input for the Microcontroller .As we like to get input from button , we have to define  TRISC.F0=1 .Here 1 for input and 0 for output .If we consider TRISC.F0=0 , the RC0 port becomes output port .   if(PORTC.F0==0)   if(PORTC.F1==0) Here  PORTC.F0 or RC0 and PORTC.F0 or RC1 ports are always remaining with +5v .If you press  button  , the current pass through the button .Because the current will get easy way to meet with ground .At this situation the RC port will get 0 .So when we press button , the RC ports get 0. As it gets 0  ,we can  use this in programming logic and we did it . Now write the source code on mikroC and create .hex file according to the instructions given below :

Now go to Proteus circuit and make a double click on microcontroller to load the .hex file .Please look at the picture given below :

See  result here :

For Button_1

For Button_2

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I have one thing to say, i am just a man having little knowledge . If i have done any mistake ,please pardon me .

Thank You!

http://feeds.feedburner.com/microcontroller_for_beginners

[pictutorial-blog]

Push Button Interfacing with PIC Microcontroller [Step by Step]

Basically computer system works on 0 and 1 .Here 0 for GND and 1  for VDD .Consider , we have a resistor which is connected with vdd .So at this state the resistor get '1'. Now connect a push button's one end at the point resistor connected with vdd and another end with ground .In this condition if we press the button , the resistor achieve 0 . It is the main theme . Now we are going to interface push button with Microcontroller and in this tutorial  i am going to use microcontroller PIC 18F2550 .

Proteus Circuit : 

Create a new project  in Proteus and follow the instructions .I am just trying to make easy for every one  .

[Note : If you don't know how to interface LCD  with microcontroller , please follow this tutorial  ] 

(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});

If  you completed those steps , then pick from library  ' pic18f2550' , crystal, 22pf capacitor, 10kohm resistor,5Kohm variable resistor ,power, ground , push button and LCD display( "LM016L" Model  ) according to the instructions given below .

If you got all parts , you can complete the circuit as given below :

In this circuit , we added resistors one end with PORTC and another end added with VDD . Push button's one end connected with PORTC and atother with GND . In this condition pressing the button will make enable 0 state .

Now we need the Source code for this microcontroller .So Create a new Project in MikroC  and follow the instructions :

 MikroC Code :

Source Code :

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); sbit LCD_RS at LATB7_bit; sbit LCD_EN at LATB6_bit; sbit LCD_D4 at LATB5_bit; sbit LCD_D5 at LATB4_bit; sbit LCD_D6 at LATB3_bit; sbit LCD_D7 at LATB2_bit; sbit LCD_RS_Direction at TRISB7_bit; sbit LCD_EN_Direction at TRISB6_bit; sbit LCD_D4_Direction at TRISB5_bit; sbit LCD_D5_Direction at TRISB4_bit; sbit LCD_D6_Direction at TRISB3_bit; sbit LCD_D7_Direction at TRISB2_bit; // End Lcd module connections void main(){    TRISC.F0=1;    TRISC.F1=1;   ADCON1=0x0F;              //Disable Analog to Digital Converter   CMCON=7;                    // Disable Comperator   Lcd_Init();                        // Initialize Lcd       while(1){   Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CLEAR);               // Clear display   Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CURSOR_OFF);          // Cursor off   Lcd_Out(1,1,"Microcontroller");   Lcd_Out(2,4,"Tutorial");                         // Write text in first row   delay_ms(400);   if(PORTC.F0==0){      Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CLEAR);               // Clear display   Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CURSOR_OFF);          // Cursor off   Lcd_Out(1,1,"Button_1");   Lcd_Out(2,4,"PORTC.F0");                         // Write text in first row   delay_ms(400);   }       if(PORTC.F1==0){      Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CLEAR);               // Clear display   Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CURSOR_OFF);          // Cursor off   Lcd_Out(1,1,"Button_2");   Lcd_Out(2,4,"PORTC.F1");                         // Write text in first row   delay_ms(400);   }   } } ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Look at Here :   TRISC.F0=1;   TRISC.F1=1; Here we selected the RESISTER for PORTC . We are using button that means we are providing input for the Microcontroller .As we like to get input from button , we have to define  TRISC.F0=1 .Here 1 for input and 0 for output .If we consider TRISC.F0=0 , the RC0 port becomes output port .   if(PORTC.F0==0)   if(PORTC.F1==0) Here  PORTC.F0 or RC0 and PORTC.F0 or RC1 ports are always remaining with +5v .If you press  button  , the current pass through the button .Because the current will get easy way to meet with ground .At this situation the RC port will get 0 .So when we press button , the RC ports get 0. As it gets 0  ,we can  use this in programming logic and we did it . Now write the source code on mikroC and create .hex file according to the instructions given below :

Now go to Proteus circuit and make a double click on microcontroller to load the .hex file .Please look at the picture given below :

See  result here :

For Button_1

For Button_2

(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});

I have one thing to say, i am just a man having little knowledge . If i have done any mistake ,please pardon me .

Thank You!

http://feeds.feedburner.com/microcontroller_for_beginners

[pictutorial-blog]

Lcd 16x2 Display Interfacing with Pic Microcontroller [step by step]

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Lcd 16x2 Display  

In this tutorial , i will show how to interface LCD display with pic18f2550 microcontroller .

Generally LCD display has 16 pins . 16x2 means the display has 12 column and 2 row .

The picture given below shows about rows and columns .

The picture given below discuss about each pin .

 Proteus Project :

Now we are going to create a new project in Proteus and follow instructions given below :

According to the instruction pick  'pic18f2550' , crystal, 22pf capacitor, 5Kohm variable resistor ,power and ground. For lcd display please type "LM016L" on keywords .

In this tutorial we will use 4 data pin [D4-D7] .Now complete the circuit as given below :

Lcd 16x2 Display  Interfacing with Microcontroller [step by step]

We have completed the circuit .Now we need the source hex file .So create a new project in MikroC .

Now follow the instructions:

MikroC Source Code :

MikroC LCD Library :

Lcd_Init             

Lcd_Out      

Lcd_Out_Cp

Lcd_Chr

Lcd_Chr_Cp

Lcd_Cmd

Description :

1.Lcd_Init   :  Initializes Lcd module.

2.Lcd_Out  :  Prints text on Lcd starting from specified position. Both string variables and literals can be passed as a text.

Parameters :

row: starting position row number

column: starting position column number

text: text to be written

3. Lcd_Out_Cp :  Prints text on Lcd at current cursor position. Both string variables and literals can be passed as a text.

4.Lcd_Chr :  Prints character on Lcd at specified position. Both variables and literals can be passed as a character. Parameters :

row: writing position row number

column: writing position column number

out_char: character to be written

(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); 5.Lcd_Chr_Cp : Prints character on Lcd at current cursor position. Both variables and literals can be passed as a character.

 6.Lcd_Cmd :   Sends command to Lcd. a)     Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_SHIFT_RIGHT)  :This function is used for shifting on the right hand side .

          Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_SHIFT_RIGHT);

 Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_SHIFT_RIGHT);

b)     Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_SHIFT_LEFT)  :This function is used for shifting on the left hand side. c)     Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CURSOR_OFF) : This function is used for setting the cursor off . d)     Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CLEAR) :To Clear the lcd .

Source Code :

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

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sbit LCD_RS at LATB7_bit;

sbit LCD_EN at LATB6_bit;

sbit LCD_D4 at LATB5_bit;

sbit LCD_D5 at LATB4_bit;

sbit LCD_D6 at LATB3_bit;

sbit LCD_D7 at LATB2_bit;

sbit LCD_RS_Direction at TRISB7_bit;

sbit LCD_EN_Direction at TRISB6_bit;

sbit LCD_D4_Direction at TRISB5_bit;

sbit LCD_D5_Direction at TRISB4_bit;

sbit LCD_D6_Direction at TRISB3_bit;

sbit LCD_D7_Direction at TRISB2_bit;

// End Lcd module connections

void main(){

  ADCON1=0x0F;            // Disable Analog to Digital Converter

  CMCON=7;                    // Disable Comparator

  Lcd_Init();                        // Initialize Lcd

      while(1){

  Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CLEAR);               // Clear display

  Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CURSOR_OFF);          // Cursor off

  Lcd_Out(1,1,"Microcontroller");

  Lcd_Out(2,4,"Tutorial");                         // Write text in first row

  delay_ms(400);

  }

}

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

 Now create a hex file with MikroC .Please follow the instructions :

Now go to the hardware and make double click on the Microcontroller  .Please follow the instructions:

Lcd 16x2 Display  Interfacing with Microcontroller [step by step]

(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});

 I was just trying to make something good for beginner .If i made something wrong ,forgive me .

Thank You !

<!–google_ad_section_end–>

http://feeds.feedburner.com/microcontroller_for_beginners

[pictutorial-blog]

Lcd 16x2 Display Interfacing with Pic Microcontroller [step by step]

!–google_ad_section_start-0><!–google_ad_section_start(weight=ignore)–>

Lcd 16x2 Display  

In this tutorial , i will show how to interface LCD display with pic18f2550 microcontroller .

Generally LCD display has 16 pins . 16x2 means the display has 12 column and 2 row .

The picture given below shows about rows and columns .

The picture given below discuss about each pin .

 Proteus Project :

Now we are going to create a new project in Proteus and follow instructions given below :

According to the instruction pick  'pic18f2550' , crystal, 22pf capacitor, 5Kohm variable resistor ,power and ground. For lcd display please type "LM016L" on keywords .

In this tutorial we will use 4 data pin [D4-D7] .Now complete the circuit as given below :

Lcd 16x2 Display  Interfacing with Microcontroller [step by step]

We have completed the circuit .Now we need the source hex file .So create a new project in MikroC .

Now follow the instructions:

MikroC Source Code :

MikroC LCD Library :

Lcd_Init             

Lcd_Out      

Lcd_Out_Cp

Lcd_Chr

Lcd_Chr_Cp

Lcd_Cmd

Description :

1.Lcd_Init   :  Initializes Lcd module.

2.Lcd_Out  :  Prints text on Lcd starting from specified position. Both string variables and literals can be passed as a text.

Parameters :

row: starting position row number

column: starting position column number

text: text to be written

3. Lcd_Out_Cp :  Prints text on Lcd at current cursor position. Both string variables and literals can be passed as a text.

4.Lcd_Chr :  Prints character on Lcd at specified position. Both variables and literals can be passed as a character. Parameters :

row: writing position row number

column: writing position column number

out_char: character to be written

(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); 5.Lcd_Chr_Cp : Prints character on Lcd at current cursor position. Both variables and literals can be passed as a character.

 6.Lcd_Cmd :   Sends command to Lcd. a)     Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_SHIFT_RIGHT)  :This function is used for shifting on the right hand side .

          Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_SHIFT_RIGHT);

 Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_SHIFT_RIGHT);

b)     Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_SHIFT_LEFT)  :This function is used for shifting on the left hand side. c)     Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CURSOR_OFF) : This function is used for setting the cursor off . d)     Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CLEAR) :To Clear the lcd .

Source Code :

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

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sbit LCD_RS at LATB7_bit;

sbit LCD_EN at LATB6_bit;

sbit LCD_D4 at LATB5_bit;

sbit LCD_D5 at LATB4_bit;

sbit LCD_D6 at LATB3_bit;

sbit LCD_D7 at LATB2_bit;

sbit LCD_RS_Direction at TRISB7_bit;

sbit LCD_EN_Direction at TRISB6_bit;

sbit LCD_D4_Direction at TRISB5_bit;

sbit LCD_D5_Direction at TRISB4_bit;

sbit LCD_D6_Direction at TRISB3_bit;

sbit LCD_D7_Direction at TRISB2_bit;

// End Lcd module connections

void main(){

  ADCON1=0x0F;            // Disable Analog to Digital Converter

  CMCON=7;                    // Disable Comparator

  Lcd_Init();                        // Initialize Lcd

      while(1){

  Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CLEAR);               // Clear display

  Lcd_Cmd(_LCD_CURSOR_OFF);          // Cursor off

  Lcd_Out(1,1,"Microcontroller");

  Lcd_Out(2,4,"Tutorial");                         // Write text in first row

  delay_ms(400);

  }

}

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

 Now create a hex file with MikroC .Please follow the instructions :

Now go to the hardware and make double click on the Microcontroller  .Please follow the instructions:

Lcd 16x2 Display  Interfacing with Microcontroller [step by step]

(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});

 I was just trying to make something good for beginner .If i made something wrong ,forgive me .

Thank You !

<!–google_ad_section_end–>

http://feeds.feedburner.com/microcontroller_for_beginners

[pictutorial-blog]

Create Blinking LED Project Using PIC Microcontroller [ PIC18F2550 ] [ step by step ]

Hi, If you are a beginner  , it is perfect to start with blinking led .This is a very simple project and we need 7 LED and PIC 18F2550 microcontroller .In this project we will use MikroC compiler  to code.

Now we are going to Create this project  >>

Proteus Project  :

*Open Proteus and Create new project 

 You will see as below :

   After finishing those step ,You need to follow as below:

Pick all parts from library :

  In  this way , pick from Library  "PIC 18F2550", "crystal" , " 22pf capacitor" , "green LED" ,"Power" and "Ground" . (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});

 [ Note :If  you are absolutely a new with PIC 18f2550 microcontroller , you need to see Introduction with PIC 18f2550  to understand all ports and pin]

Create  Blinking LED Project Using PIC Microcontroller [ PIC18F2550 ]  [step by step ]

Now  we need the main hex file to operate .Here you need to take a look on here , we selected RB0-RB7 pins and made connection with GND port of  each LED .So if portB is 1 , those LED will be on .

MikroC Code :

Open MikroC and Create a new Project :

Now Write the source code given below :

Source Code

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

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void main(){

TRISB=0x00;

while(1){

 PORTB=0x01;

 delay_ms(400);

  PORTB=0x02;

 delay_ms(400);

   PORTB=0x04;

 delay_ms(400);

      PORTB=0x08;

 delay_ms(400);

      PORTB=0x10;

 delay_ms(400);

   PORTB=0x20;

 delay_ms(400);

    PORTB=0x40;

 delay_ms(400); 

 PORTB=0x80;

 delay_ms(400);

 }  }

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

TRISB is used for selecting PORTB as Input or Output . Here  1 for input and 0 for Output .

If we write TRISB=0xFF; and 0xFF will be in binary "11111111" .By applying this we get portb for input .

 If we write TRISB=0x00; and 0xFF will be in binary "00000000" .By applying this we get portb for output.  [if  you don't understand pinout of PIC 18f2550 please follow the link]

We used delay_ms(400) function .That means microcontroller stop for 400ms .

0x01 is hexadecimal number and in binary "00000001" .Means first pin or RB0 pin of  PORTB will be 1 .In this condition 1 means this pin gets +5v[VDD] and 0 means ground(GND) .It is said computer understand 0 and 1 .But it is just an electronic device which calculate something according to instruction. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});

So,

 0x00 <--------------> "all zero" <--------------> RB0,RB1,RB2,RB3,RB4,RB5,RB6,RB7 remain OFF

 0x01 <--------------> "00000001" <--------------> Only RB0 is +5v & allothers remain GND 

 0x02 <--------------> "00000010" <--------------> Only RB1 is +5v & all others remain GND  

 0x04 <--------------> "00000100" <--------------> Only RB2 is +5v &all others remain GND 

 0x08 <--------------> "00001000" <--------------> Only RB3 is +5v &all others remain GND  

 0x10 <--------------> "00010000" <--------------> Only RB4 is +5v &all others remain GND 

 0x20 <--------------> "00100000" <--------------> Only RB5 is +5v &all others remain GND 

 0x40 <--------------> "01000000" <--------------> Only RB2 is +5v &all others remain GND  

 0x80 <--------------> "10000000" <--------------> Only RB2 is +5v &all others remain GND 

Why  TRISB ?

Listen , A microcontroller can be used for many purposes and the specific purpose we need can be defined by the source code  . Basically in blinking led , each led will be on or off   in one after one way .That means each pin of PORTB will be on or off .For this purpose we need to initialize PORTB as output.

So we have to use TRISB to define PORTB as Input or Output .

When TRISB=0x00; all pins for OUTPUT.

When TRISB=0xFF; all pins for INPUT.

If in case PORTA , we will have to use TRISA .

(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});

  I have one thing to say, i am just a man having little knowledge . If i have done any mistake ,please pardon me .

Thank You!

http://feeds.feedburner.com/microcontroller_for_beginners

[pictutorial-blog]

Create Blinking LED Project Using PIC Microcontroller [ PIC18F2550 ] [ step by step ]

Hi, If you are a beginner  , it is perfect to start with blinking led .This is a very simple project and we need 7 LED and PIC 18F2550 microcontroller .In this project we will use MikroC compiler  to code.

Now we are going to Create this project  >>

Proteus Project  :

*Open Proteus and Create new project 

 You will see as below :

   After finishing those step ,You need to follow as below:

Pick all parts from library :

  In  this way , pick from Library  "PIC 18F2550", "crystal" , " 22pf capacitor" , "green LED" ,"Power" and "Ground" . (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});

 [ Note :If  you are absolutely a new with PIC 18f2550 microcontroller , you need to see Introduction with PIC 18f2550  to understand all ports and pin]

Create  Blinking LED Project Using PIC Microcontroller [ PIC18F2550 ]  [step by step ]

Now  we need the main hex file to operate .Here you need to take a look on here , we selected RB0-RB7 pins and made connection with GND port of  each LED .So if portB is 1 , those LED will be on .

MikroC Code :

Open MikroC and Create a new Project :

Now Write the source code given below :

Source Code

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});

void main(){

TRISB=0x00;

while(1){

 PORTB=0x01;

 delay_ms(400);

  PORTB=0x02;

 delay_ms(400);

   PORTB=0x04;

 delay_ms(400);

      PORTB=0x08;

 delay_ms(400);

      PORTB=0x10;

 delay_ms(400);

   PORTB=0x20;

 delay_ms(400);

    PORTB=0x40;

 delay_ms(400); 

 PORTB=0x80;

 delay_ms(400);

 }  }

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

TRISB is used for selecting PORTB as Input or Output . Here  1 for input and 0 for Output .

If we write TRISB=0xFF; and 0xFF will be in binary "11111111" .By applying this we get portb for input .

 If we write TRISB=0x00; and 0xFF will be in binary "00000000" .By applying this we get portb for output.  [if  you don't understand pinout of PIC 18f2550 please follow the link]

We used delay_ms(400) function .That means microcontroller stop for 400ms .

0x01 is hexadecimal number and in binary "00000001" .Means first pin or RB0 pin of  PORTB will be 1 .In this condition 1 means this pin gets +5v[VDD] and 0 means ground(GND) .It is said computer understand 0 and 1 .But it is just an electronic device which calculate something according to instruction. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});

So,

 0x00 <--------------> "all zero" <--------------> RB0,RB1,RB2,RB3,RB4,RB5,RB6,RB7 remain OFF

 0x01 <--------------> "00000001" <--------------> Only RB0 is +5v & allothers remain GND 

 0x02 <--------------> "00000010" <--------------> Only RB1 is +5v & all others remain GND  

 0x04 <--------------> "00000100" <--------------> Only RB2 is +5v &all others remain GND 

 0x08 <--------------> "00001000" <--------------> Only RB3 is +5v &all others remain GND  

 0x10 <--------------> "00010000" <--------------> Only RB4 is +5v &all others remain GND 

 0x20 <--------------> "00100000" <--------------> Only RB5 is +5v &all others remain GND 

 0x40 <--------------> "01000000" <--------------> Only RB2 is +5v &all others remain GND  

 0x80 <--------------> "10000000" <--------------> Only RB2 is +5v &all others remain GND 

Why  TRISB ?

Listen , A microcontroller can be used for many purposes and the specific purpose we need can be defined by the source code  . Basically in blinking led , each led will be on or off   in one after one way .That means each pin of PORTB will be on or off .For this purpose we need to initialize PORTB as output.

So we have to use TRISB to define PORTB as Input or Output .

When TRISB=0x00; all pins for OUTPUT.

When TRISB=0xFF; all pins for INPUT.

If in case PORTA , we will have to use TRISA .

(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});

  I have one thing to say, i am just a man having little knowledge . If i have done any mistake ,please pardon me .

Thank You!

http://feeds.feedburner.com/microcontroller_for_beginners

[pictutorial-blog]

Introduction to PIC 18F2550 Micocontroller

Microcontroller :

Basically microcontroller is  one kind  of Integrated circuit (IC) which can be defined  as the single chip computer . Microcontroller is very similar with computer and a microcontroller contains processor ,I/O ports , RAM , EEPROM etc.Microcontroller is a little computer which is designed to govern the operation of embedded systems in motor vehicles, robots, office machines, complex medical devices, mobile radio transceivers, vending machines, home appliances, and various other devices. 

 If  you like to get more details , here is a link  wikipedia

PIC 18f2550 Micocontroller's Pin out

 Some necessary information about PIC 18F2550 Microcontroller are given here : google_ad_client ="3355702841280778"; google_ad_host ="3355702841280778"; google_ad_width =500; google_ad_height =200; google_ad_type = "text_image"; google_color_border = "FFFFFF"; google_color_bg = "ffffff"; google_color_link = "191919"; google_color_text = "191919"; google_color_url = "191919"; google_page_url = "http://pictutorial.net"//--> PORTA : Pins from RA0-RA7 are included to PORTA . Those pins can perform in both operation input and output . Those pins are also used for converting Analog signal to Digital signal . If  we write PORTA.F0 =1 , RA0 the pin gets  VDD . When PORTA.F0 =0 , the pin gets GND . As we like to use PORTA for I/O , it is required to select related RESISTER  . We can initialize RA0 as input by TRISA.F0=1 and TRISA.F0=0 for output .

PORTB : Pins from RB0-RB7 are included to PORTB . Those pins also can perform in both operation input and output .Those pins have ADC functions also. If  we write PORTB.F0 =1 , RB0 the pin gets  VDD . When PORTB.F0 =0 , the pin gets GND . As we like to use PORTB for I/O , it is required to select related RESISTER . We can initialize RB0 as input by TRISB.F0=1 and TRISB.F0=0 for output . PORTC : Generally we use RC0,RC1,RC2,RC7,RC6 for input /output .  If  we write PORTC.F0 =1 , RC0 the pin gets  VDD . When PORTC.F0 =0 , the pin gets GND . As we like to use PORTC for I/O , it is required to select the RESISTER  . We can initialize RC0 as input by TRISC.F0=1 and TRISC.F0=0 for output . (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); USB Communication Pins : The 14 , 15 and 16 number pins are used for USB communication .The microcontroller supports USB 1.0 . *Pin 14  ----- Vusb                 [Which is connected with 220nf  capacitors in USB communication] *Pin 16  ----- D+ *Pin 15  ----- D- Pins for Serial Communication : Basically 17and 18 pins are used for RS232 communication .The 17th pin is RC6 and 18th pin is RC7 .Here we use 17th pin or RC6 pin as Tx and 18th pin or RC7 pin as Rx .Tx for transmitting signal and Rx for receiving signal . VDD , VSS & MCLR :We need to supply 5 volt to run the microcontroller .VDD pin should be connected with +5V and all VSS pins should be connected with groung(GND) . Here is the important part ,  the MCLR pin is used to RESET microcontroller and it's also called the Master RESET pin . When MCLR==1 ,it's not activated and in MCLR==0 it's activated . INTERRUPT : Basically interrupt means restrict something .We can use INT pin for enabling and disabling interrupt in microcontroller . INT=1 for enabling interrupt and INT=0 for disabling the interrupt .During INT=1 others process should be disabled . Clock :With a view to measuring the time , we need crystal and two 22pf capacitors .If we use 12MHz crystal , we can measure time period by it . 9th and 10th number pins [OSC1 &OSC2  ]      are used for connecting crystal . Pic microcontroller also has SPI , I2C connection options . I didn't describe about SPI because at beginning state you don't need this . When you will be an expert , automatically you will be informed about this . You will know about I2C communication in Real Time Digital Clock Project

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Introduction to PIC 18F2550 Micocontroller

Microcontroller :

Basically microcontroller is  one kind  of Integrated circuit (IC) which can be defined  as the single chip computer . Microcontroller is very similar with computer and a microcontroller contains processor ,I/O ports , RAM , EEPROM etc.Microcontroller is a little computer which is designed to govern the operation of embedded systems in motor vehicles, robots, office machines, complex medical devices, mobile radio transceivers, vending machines, home appliances, and various other devices. 

 If  you like to get more details , here is a link  wikipedia

PIC 18f2550 Micocontroller's Pin out

 Some necessary information about PIC 18F2550 Microcontroller are given here : google_ad_client ="3355702841280778"; google_ad_host ="3355702841280778"; google_ad_width =500; google_ad_height =200; google_ad_type = "text_image"; google_color_border = "FFFFFF"; google_color_bg = "ffffff"; google_color_link = "191919"; google_color_text = "191919"; google_color_url = "191919"; google_page_url = "http://pictutorial.net"//--> PORTA : Pins from RA0-RA7 are included to PORTA . Those pins can perform in both operation input and output . Those pins are also used for converting Analog signal to Digital signal . If  we write PORTA.F0 =1 , RA0 the pin gets  VDD . When PORTA.F0 =0 , the pin gets GND . As we like to use PORTA for I/O , it is required to select related RESISTER  . We can initialize RA0 as input by TRISA.F0=1 and TRISA.F0=0 for output .

PORTB : Pins from RB0-RB7 are included to PORTB . Those pins also can perform in both operation input and output .Those pins have ADC functions also. If  we write PORTB.F0 =1 , RB0 the pin gets  VDD . When PORTB.F0 =0 , the pin gets GND . As we like to use PORTB for I/O , it is required to select related RESISTER . We can initialize RB0 as input by TRISB.F0=1 and TRISB.F0=0 for output . PORTC : Generally we use RC0,RC1,RC2,RC7,RC6 for input /output .  If  we write PORTC.F0 =1 , RC0 the pin gets  VDD . When PORTC.F0 =0 , the pin gets GND . As we like to use PORTC for I/O , it is required to select the RESISTER  . We can initialize RC0 as input by TRISC.F0=1 and TRISC.F0=0 for output . (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); USB Communication Pins : The 14 , 15 and 16 number pins are used for USB communication .The microcontroller supports USB 1.0 . *Pin 14  ----- Vusb                 [Which is connected with 220nf  capacitors in USB communication] *Pin 16  ----- D+ *Pin 15  ----- D- Pins for Serial Communication : Basically 17and 18 pins are used for RS232 communication .The 17th pin is RC6 and 18th pin is RC7 .Here we use 17th pin or RC6 pin as Tx and 18th pin or RC7 pin as Rx .Tx for transmitting signal and Rx for receiving signal . VDD , VSS & MCLR :We need to supply 5 volt to run the microcontroller .VDD pin should be connected with +5V and all VSS pins should be connected with groung(GND) . Here is the important part ,  the MCLR pin is used to RESET microcontroller and it's also called the Master RESET pin . When MCLR==1 ,it's not activated and in MCLR==0 it's activated . INTERRUPT : Basically interrupt means restrict something .We can use INT pin for enabling and disabling interrupt in microcontroller . INT=1 for enabling interrupt and INT=0 for disabling the interrupt .During INT=1 others process should be disabled . Clock :With a view to measuring the time , we need crystal and two 22pf capacitors .If we use 12MHz crystal , we can measure time period by it . 9th and 10th number pins [OSC1 &OSC2  ]      are used for connecting crystal . Pic microcontroller also has SPI , I2C connection options . I didn't describe about SPI because at beginning state you don't need this . When you will be an expert , automatically you will be informed about this . You will know about I2C communication in Real Time Digital Clock Project

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Actually i am a man having little knowledge . If i make any mistake ,please pardon me .

Thank You!

http://feeds.feedburner.com/microcontroller_for_beginners