A smart bandage that glows when you have an infection.
Researchers in the United Kingdom recently unveiled a prototype of the color-changing bandage, which contains a gel-like material infused with tiny capsules that release nontoxic fluorescent dye in response to contact with populations of bacteria that commonly cause wound infections.
Led by chemistry professor Toby Jenkins at the University of Bath, the new “smart bandage”—although not yet tested in humans—might one day serve as an early warning system, allowing doctors and patients to detect infections before they get out of hand. The mechanism behind it is pretty clever: the bandage contains a gel-like material infused with tiny, fluorescent green dye-filled capsules. When it comes in contact with toxins produced by pathogenic bacteria, those capsules are punctured. And there you go, a lovely green glow signals your unwanted microbial colonists.
Jenkins says the transition is “almost certainly” associated with the formation of a so-called biofilm, a layer of microbes that work together and secrete a slimy substance to defend the colony against the immune system. At a high enough population density, the bacteria film switches on the production of toxins, says Jenkins. The new dressing works because the outer layer of the dye-containing capsules is designed to mimic aspects of a cell membrane. Toxins puncture the capsules like they would cells in the body, releasing the dye, which fluoresces when it is diluted by the surrounding gel.
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