Revision Notes and stuff

This is to help myself as well as others. So enjoy y'all

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This was taken when I had my february mocks and I honestly didn't study much but I'm trying again and I hope I improve by the time exams come

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I want to exercise cause I don't want to die in a zombie apocalypse but you know what, life is short so I'm gonna just let them eat me I guess

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Good luck to everyone💖

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History: Peacemaking (1918-19)

JANUARY 1918: President Woodrow Wilson publishes the Fourteen Points

Some points:

-Disarmament

-Self-determination for the people of Eastern Europe

-A League of Nations to be set up

11th NOVEMBER 1918: Armistice

Ceasefire brought WW1 to an end.

18th JANUARY 1919: Peace conference at Versailles

28th JUNE 1919: Signing of Treaty Of Versailles

Aims:

Clemenceau (France) wanted Alsace-Lorraine returned, reparations in money and land, Germany to land on border.

Lloyd George (Britain) wanted punishment but not too harsh, to protect naval and reduce German navy.

Terms of the Treaty:

-Alsace-Lorraine returned to France

-LON controlled Saar for 15 years, France controlled coal fields

-Germany forbidden to reunite with Austria

-Germany lost 16% of coal fields, 50% of iron/steel industry, 12.5% of population

-Only 100,000 soldiers allowed

-Conscription banned

-No tanks, submarines nor aircrafts

-Only 6 battleships allowed

-Rhineland was made a demilitarized zone (no army stationed there)

-Clause 231 made Germany accept responsibility for WW1 (1914-18)

-Reparations were set to £6.6billion (pounds) in 1921

Signed by 45 countries. Many thought it was too harsh, the Germans referred to it as a ‘diktat’ and thought they were stabbed in the back by the ‘November Criminals’ who were German officials that signed the Treaty.

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Of Mice and Men - Historical Context

Published in 1937.

Steinbeck worked on ranches as a teen - knows about ranch members.

Great Depression/Wall Street Crash (1929) - Farmers migrated to California (Lennie and George are migrant workers) because they thought there was spare land and work there.

1932 - roughly 50% of Black Americans were unemployed - however Crooks seems to be a long time worker (he can’t escape the ranch, American Dream can help him escape)

18th Century, Robbie Burns - wrote ‘To a Mouse’ - ‘The best laid plans of mice and men/ Often go wrong’ Plot of ‘Of Mice and Men’

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An Inspector Calls - Historical Context

1912 (when the play was set): strong distinctions between classes and gender

1945: due to war, everyone had to pitch in to fight the war (War Effort). Men had to fight, so women got jobs in factories then there were also the suffragettes which helped in gender equality. 

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An Inspector Calls - Quotes

Gerald:

‘I didn’t install her there so I could make love to her’ reference to Eva/Daisy, ‘install’ suggesting she is like a machine - can be easily replaced

‘We’re respectable citizens and not dangerous criminals.’

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Eric:

‘You killed her - and the child she’d have had too - my child’

‘we helped to kill her’ accepts responsibility

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Mr. Birling:

‘unsinkable, absolutely unsinkable’ shows ignorance

‘You’re not the kind of father a chap could go to when he’s in trouble.’

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Mrs. Birling:

‘I did nothing I’m ashamed of.’

‘Girls of that class’, ‘girl of her position’ has preconception about working class girls (they lack morals), ‘As if a girl of that sort would ever refuse money!’

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Sheila:

‘But these girls aren’t cheap labour - they’re people’.

‘I’m ashamed of it. But now you’re beginning all over again to pretend that nothing much has happened-’

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Inspector:

‘It’s better to ask for the earth than to take it.’

‘in fire and blood and anguish.’ reference to war, it would have an effect on audience as it was first performed in 1946 after both World Wars

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Of Mice and Men - Curley’s Wife

‘she got the eye’ ,  ‘I think Curley’s married... a tart’ could imply she is promiscuous, suggests men on ranch are not fond of her

‘sunshine in the doorway was cut off’ her first appearance cuts off light, foreshadowing she brings darkness (cause of Lennie’s death)

‘rouged lips’, ‘ red mules’ wears a lot of red - symbolism for sex or danger. Lennie is ‘strong as a bull’ - bulls are angered by red

‘poison’ , ‘jail bait’ , ‘rattrap’

‘Seen the new kid yet?’ refers to her as a kid - she could be naive, ‘Whatta ya think I am, a kid?’

‘She’s gonna make a mess’ (chapter 3) , ‘Ever’body knowed you’d mess things up’ (chapter 5) foreshadow, it was inevitable/fate/bound to happen

‘I get lonely’ loneliness is a prominent theme in the novella

‘Ain’t I got a right to talk to nobody?’ feels isolated like Crooks

‘she hurried before her listener could be taken away’ desperate for companionship

‘I don’t like Curley. He ain’t a nice fella.’ Lennie and others are referred to as a ‘nice fella’

‘the meaness and the plannings and the discontent and the ache for attention were all gone from her face.’ only death could let her escape from loneliness

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Of Mice and Men - Candy

‘round stick-like wrist, but no hand’ Disabled

‘old swamper’ emphasis on old

‘A guy on a ranch don’t never listen nor he don’t ast no questions.’ Loneliness

‘I shouldn’t ought to of let no stranger shoot my dog.’ foreshadow to Lennie and George in chapter 6 - George shoots Lennie

‘He stopped, overwhelmed with his picture.’ How he feels about the dream

‘I harvested ‘em, it wasn’t none of my harvest.’ Candy repeats George’s words.

‘lousy ol’ sheep’ Curley’s wife about Candy - could imply that Candy is a ‘follower’ (like Lennie) as sheep follows

‘Ever’body knowed you’d mess things up.’ To Curley’s Wife when she is dead

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Of Mice and Men - George

‘George’s voice was taking on the tone of confession’ talking to Slim, suggestion George has ‘sins’ and he wants forgiveness

‘We’d jus’ live there. We’d belong there.’ Sense of belonging. Reference to dream.

‘We’ll do her’ references to dream, personifies the dream as a woman

‘Lennie was jus’ scairt,’ defends Lennie

‘I should of knew’ aware that he turns a blind eye to Lennie’s dangerous nature

‘I think I knowed we’d never do her.’ the Dream was just a dream

‘His voice was monotonous’ doesn’t have the heart to tell off Lennie, ch. 6

‘I ain’t mad. I never been mad, an’ I ain’t now. That’s a thing I want ya to know.’ George to Lennie. Mercy kills him so he doesn’t get sent to a ‘booby hatch’ - mental illnesses were not widely acknowledged or known about in 1930s. 

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Of Mice and Men - Slim

‘Slim don’t need to wear no high-heeled boots’ insult to Curley and Boss’ height

‘royalty’ ,  ‘prince of the ranch’ shows author’s approach to the character

‘master craftsmen’ ,  ‘jerkline skinner’ he’s good at his job, he is like a hero

‘It invited confidence without demanding it.’ He is easy to talk to

‘Maybe ever’body in the whole damn world is scared of each other.’ loneliness

‘I drowned four of ‘em right off’ about puppies, shows he is realistic - knows they won’t survive

‘Godlike eyes’ reference to religion, suggestion how he is aware of everything

‘Slim’s opinions were law’ no one can defy him

‘Nobody don’t know what Slim can do.’ He doesn’t boast like Curley

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Of Mice and Men - Curley

‘pugnacious’ quick to fight, possible reference to dog

‘he better watch out for Lennie’ foreshadow - inevitable

‘that glove’s fulla vaseline‘ indication to his sex life with his wife, disrespectful

‘angry little man’

‘bounced in’ , ‘popped into’ , ‘jerked out’ has very extreme movements

‘I didn’t mean nothing, Slim’ backs down to Slim

‘like a terrier’ both Lennie and Curley have the same description

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Of Mice and Men - Crooks

‘nice fella’ both Lennie and Crooks are referred to as a ‘nice fella’

‘broken harness’, ‘split collar’ broken things in his room, he’s also ‘broken’

‘mauled copy of California Civil code for 1905′ knows his rights

‘Crooks was a proud, aloof man’

‘He kept his distance and demanded that other people kept theirs’

‘A guy goes nuts if he ain’t got nobody’, ‘guy gets too lonely an’ he gets sick’

‘Ever’body wants a little piece of lan’ ‘, ‘nobody gets no land’

‘I seen guys nearly crazy with loneliness for land’

‘Crooks had retired into the terrible protective dignity of the negro’ after Curley’s wife threatens with lynching -- ‘I could get ‘you strung up on a tree so easy it ain’t even funny’

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Of Mice and Men - Lennie

‘Lennie made an elaborate pantomime of innocence’

‘like a terrier’ Both Lennie and Curley are described this way

‘Lennie choked with pride’, ‘exploded triumphantly’ Violent language

‘his opposite’, ‘the follower’ George and Lennie’s relationship

‘like a horse’, ‘strong as a bull’

‘I don’t want no trouble’, ‘I never meant no harm, George’

‘nice fella’

‘I like to pet nice things’

‘I done a bad thing’ after killing Curley’s wife

‘We got each other, that’s what,’

‘he lay without quivering’