— l’alphabet phonétique international français ♡
the international phonetic alphabet is a system of phonetic notation, and the representation of spoken language. the following letters, along with examples of how to pronounce them in both french and english, are transcribed as sounds which are spoken in french.
• consonants
• — /b/, bon, book
• — /d/, deux, dog
• — /f/, faire, foot
• — /g/, garçon, gum
• — /k/, corps, cat
• — /l/, laisser, leap
• — /m/, même, more,
• — /n/, nous, need
• — /ɲ/, gagner, canyon
• — /ŋ/, funk, camping
• — /p/, père, pear
• — /ʁ/, treize, loch*
• — /s/, soixante, sick
• — /ʃ/, chance, shoe
• — /t/, tout, tickle
• — /v/, vous, vein
• — /z/, zéro, zoo
• — /ʒ/, jamais, measure
* /ʁ/ is a guttural R, which is pronounced from the back of the vocal tract.
• semivowels
• — /j/, fille, yet
• — /w/, oui, wet
• — /ɥ/, huit, (between yet and wet)
• oral vowels
• — /a/, femme, trap
• — /ɑ/, pâte, bra
• — /e/, les, (between be and best)
• — /ɛ/, renne, best
• — /ə/, faisons, again
• — /i/, fils, please
• — /œ/, sœur, bird
• — /ø/, deux, (between but and bird)
• — /o/, bureau, story
• — /ɔ/, hôpital, off
• — /u/, coup, (between food and good)
• — /y/, tu, too
• nasal vowels
• — /ɑ̃/, temp, song*
• — /ɛ̃/, bien, hang
• — /œ̃/, un, burn
• — /ɔ̃/, nom, drawn
* /◌̃/ is used to represent a nasal vowel, where the soft palate is lowered.
• suprasegmentals
• — /./, (syllable boundary)
• — /‿/, (liaison) *
* most written final consonants at the end of a word are not pronounced in french. however, when placed next to a word that begins with a vowel or « h » , the consonant(s) are pronounced.
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