Type 9 Verb Suffix: -bogh, the Relative Clause Marker
Tonight it is the turn of the relative clause marker suffix to come under the spotlight.
-bogh which (who, that)
This suffix marks a verb as belonging to what is called a relative clause. It's a fancy term for saying "the X that Y" or "the person X who is Y," where the suffix -bogh is attached to Y.
Examples:-
qetbogh loD running man (the man who is running) So''eghbogh jagh the enemy who has hidden himself meQbogh qach the burning house
With exceptions listed below, "be" verbs such as be cold, be fierce, be empty often do not need -bogh;
qach chIm the empty house bortaS bIr cold revenge Saj qu' a fierce pet jagh wIH the ruthless enemy
-bogh is mostly used with verbs of action (flee, rule, fight, eat, conspire, kill). Be” verbs can take-bogh if they are accompanied by a suffix indicating a change of state (-choH, -qa') or cause (-moH), or an aspect marker such as -taH continuous or -li' in progress.
Haw'bogh jaghpu' the fleeing enemies che'bogh DevwI' the ruling leader Suvchuqbogh be’nI'pu' the sisters who are fighting each other SoptaHbogh Saj the pet which is continually eating QuStaHbogh jaghpu' The enemies who are conspiring HoH'eghta'bogh ghotpu' The persons who killed themselves tujqu'choHbogh QuQ The engine which overheated 'arghlI'bogh ghu' the worsening situation
-bogh is also used in the passive sense of "the X to whom Y happened," often using the Type 5 indefinite subject marker suffix -lu':-
jaghpu' DIleghpu'bogh The enemies whom we saw nuchpu' HoHlu'bogh The cowards who were slain luch lo'lu'ta'bogh The equipment which was used tep ngevlu'pu'bogh The cargo which was sold 'aH Qaw'lu'ta'bogh The paraphernalia which was destroyed