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it saddens me when people talk about amylase more than the full group of like carbohydrase. it just clocked how we learnt about carbohydrase with both protease and lipase in our like gcse spec but like now its just amylase this amylase that.... justice for carbohydrase... being shadowed by amylase.....

#justiceforcarbohydrase #yes this came to me when doing biology homework #am i being stupid rn?#biology #amylase #carbohydrase #namigroove

In Bangladesh textile and apparel industry is in the leading position in industrial structure. It contributes 12% of the country’s GDP and also accounts for almost 78% of total exports, making it countries leading foreign exchange earner. Alpha amylase is an enzyme used in textile industry for smoothening the fabric. It is also used in many washing powder, food and paper industries. But yet we do not produce this enzyme in Bangladesh though its production and purification technique is rather simple. Each year we spend a huge amount of foreign currency to import it. In this study we scaled down the production cost of alpha amylase in a pilot project. Aspergillus niger was used in this project for alpha amylase production. A. niger was cultured in PDB (Potato Dextrose Broth) medium for seed production. Wheat bran was used as substrate for fermentation. Substrates were pre-treated with 1% NaOH for hydrolysis and washed with dH2O until neutral pH obtained. Substrates were then dried overnight using oven. MSM (Minimum Salt Medium) medium with some modifications was used for fermentation. Fermentation was carried out at 28°C at a pH of 6.2. Extraction of the enzyme was carried out by centrifugation. CMC and DNS assay showed good performance of the extracted enzyme. The calculated production cost of our enzyme is 57.92 taka per liter which is cheaper than imported ones (~450 taka per liter). Therefore, we strongly recommend that entrepreneur should be contacted to go for industrial scale alpha amylase production in Bangladesh.

#Amylase #cost #fermentation #textile #wheat bran

Human Cell Tournament Round 3

Which cell or cell component is better?

Golgi apparatus

Amylase

Voting ended onApr 1

Propaganda!

The Golgi apparatus, also known as the Golgi complex, Golgi body, or simply the Golgi, is an organelle found in most eukaryotic cells. Part of the endomembrane system in the cytoplasm, it packages proteins into membrane-bound vesicles inside the cell before the vesicles are sent to their destination. It resides at the intersection of the secretory, lysosomal, and endocytic pathways. It is of particular importance in processing proteins for secretion, containing a set of glycosylation enzymes that attach various sugar monomers to proteins as the proteins move through the apparatus.

An amylase is an enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of starch into sugars. Amylase is present in the saliva of humans and some other mammals, where it begins the chemical process of digestion. Foods that contain large amounts of starch but little sugar, such as rice and potatoes, may acquire a slightly sweet taste as they are chewed because amylase degrades some of their starch into sugar.

#Golgi apparatus #Amylase #tournament poll #polls #wikipedia #cells of the human body #science tournament #biochemistry

Amylase Explained: The Digestive Enzyme You Didn’t Know You Needed

Ever wondered how your body breaks down carbs so quickly? The answer is amylase, a powerful digestive enzyme that starts working the moment food hits your mouth. It helps convert complex carbohydrates into simple sugars, making digestion smoother and energy release faster.

Low amylase levels may lead to bloating, heaviness, or sluggish digestion — especially if your diet is rich in starches. That’s why understanding this essential enzyme can make a real difference in how you feel after meals.

Curious about how amylase works, its benefits, and whether you need support? Read the full guide here: https://explosivewhey.com/blogs/fitness-nutrition/amylase-what-is-this-essential-digestive-enzyme

#digestive enzymes #amylase #digestive health #gut health

The Scientific Research Notes of S. Sunkavally, Printed Part. page.89.

Dates unclear, but certainly between 2006-2012.

#glucose #nitric acid #shark #glucaric acid #amylase #cortisol #soyabean #hypoglycemia of pregnancy #cashew #walnut #caffeine #glucuronic acid #meat diet

Effect of temperature, pH and metal ions on amylase produced from selected indigenous extremophile bacteria in Pakistan

Abstract

There is a burgeoning demand for amylase production due to wide range applications of amylase in different industrial processes like saccharification of starchy materials, food, detergents and textile industries. But high cost of fermentation media is one of the technical barriers in amylase production from microbial sources. Extremophiles microorganisms (thermophilic and halophilic) could be potential source for thermostable amylase. Present study deals with isolation of extremophilic amylase-producing bacteria from soil samples in starch agar medium and their subsequent identification through 16sRNA analysis. Different parameters like pH, temperature, and metal ions concentration (Ca+2, Mn+2, Fe+2, Zn+2) were optimized for amylase production. Five thermophilic strains and one halophilic strain were found positive for amylase production. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the amylase producing thermophilic strains includes Bacillus spp., Rheinheimera spp., Alishewanella spp., Pseudomonas spp., Microbacterium spp. while halophilic strain includes Bacillus spp. Thermophilic strains showed optimum amylase production at pH of 8 & 60°C, while maximum amylase activity for halophilic strains was observed at pH 7 and 40°C. Divalent ions Ca+2 and Mn+2 enhanced the amylase production while Zn and Fe did not a have any significant effect. Current research revealed that use of extremophile bacteria could be an important step towards the development of environmental friendly and cost effective process for thermostable amylase production.

Introduction

Starch is a main part of our diet and is being used in food as well as in industry as gelling agent, bulking agent, staining agent, thickener and colloidal stabilizer (Jaspreet et al., 2007). Soil inhabiting microorganisms are the sources of many enzymes including amylase. Amylase breaks down starch and glycogen into smaller molecules. It contributes about 25% in total sale of industrially used enzymes and has many potential industrial applications. It is also extensively used in treatment of digestive disorders (Burhan et al., 2003). Starch comprises of amylase and amylopectin. Alpha-amylase is able to cleave α1,4 glycosidic bonds present in the inner part of the amylose or amylopectin chain. Alpha-amylase belongs to a family of endo-amylases that catalyze the initial hydrolysis of starch into shorter oligosaccharides through the cleavage of α-D-(1-4) glyosidic bonds (Stamford et al., 2001; Whitcomb and Lowe, 2007).

Chemical technologies are becoming popular due to the generation of dangerous by-products that contaminate our environment and require high cost for energy input at large scale manufacturing (Gomes et al., 2003). Microorganisms using their diverse enzyme system efficiently perform their metabolic processes with higher specificity under ambient conditions. Due to the high catalytic efficiency and more specificity, enzymes produced from microorganisms are good alternative to harsh chemical technologies and therefore the research in the field led to explore microbial diversity to discover enzymes for pollution free “dream technology” in the future (Gomes et al., 2003;Prakash and Jaiswal, 2009).

Extremophile microorganisms are structurally adapted at the molecular level to withstand harsh conditions (Stamford et al., 2001) and are capable of producing different thermostable enzymes. Such organism have been isolated and characterized from various environments such as soil, spring, food material and wastes containing carbohydrate in different studies (Gupta et al., 2003). They have

modified themselves to flourish in extreme environments. These properties make them to survive in harsh conditions and in addition, help them to grow in bio-industrial processes designed basically on the optimal conditions of these biomolecules (Kamekura, 2011). Moreover, thermostable amylases produced from these microorganism enzymes have been currently investigated to improve industrial processes of starch degradation and are of great interest for the production of valuable products like glucose, crystalline dextrose, dextrose syrup, maltose and maltodextrins (Prakash and Jaiswal, 2009).

The main objective of the study was to isolate and identify amylase producing bacteria from Halophilic sites, their partial characterization for enzyme production and properties in regard to the effect of temperature, metal ion-dependency and pH.

Source : Effect of temperature, pH and metal ions on amylase produced from selected indigenous extremophile bacteria in Pakistan

#Amylase #Extremophile #Optimization #Thermostable #Halophilic.