Comparative responses of rice (Oryza sativa L.) to iron toxicity, drought and salinity stress: Morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular regulation mechanisms
Abstract Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the world’s most important staple crops, ensuring food security for more than half of the global population. However, rice productivity is increasingly threatened by major abiotic stresses, particularly drought stress, salinity stress, and iron toxicity, whose severity is intensified by climate change and soil degradation. This review provides a…













