#beyes

[posbitivity]

Your attraction to all genders does not negate your love for your partner

Your love for your partner does not negate your attraction to all genders

[jacob-cs]

Natural Language Processing | Dan Jurafsky, Christopher Manning 6강

https://youtu.be/VNEdufXVMaU6 1 What is Text Classification https://youtu.be/kxImnFg4ZiQ

6 2 Naive Bayes https://youtu.be/j39c7Gjx2gE

감마 기호는 function을 의미한다.

6 3 Formalizing the Naive Bayes Classifier

https://youtu.be/VNEdufXVMaU

d 는 document, c는 class를 의미한다.

P(d|c) 는 likelihood probability, P(c) prior probability 

documents는 x features (단어들)의 연속으로 구성되어있다.

P(x1, x2, x3 .......  xn | c)의 경우 conditional 에 conditional에 중첩된 conditional probability 계산이 되는데 이런경우 복잡해지게 된다.

계산이 복잡해지는데 이를 간소화 시켜서 계산하는 방법을 사용한다. bag of words를 이용하거나 independent probability를 이용(모든 단어는 서로 independent하다고 가정)한다.

6 4 Naive Bayes Learning https://youtu.be/3jR8TZG8T88

P(cj)는 전체 문서에서 특정 class의 문서가 나올 확률이다.

P(wi | cj)는 특정 class에서 특정 word가 나올 확률이다. 

위의 내용을 간단히 정리하면 특정 class의 모든 문서(시그마부분에 해당)를 하나로 만들고 그 안에서 특정단어들이 나오는 횟수를 이용해 P(wi | cj)를 구한다. 

training documents에 fantastic이라는 단어가 한번도 사용되지 않았다. 그런데 새로 주어진 문장에서는 이 단어가 사용되었다고 한다면 이전에는 한번도 나온적이 없었으므로 확률이 0이 되버리게 된다. 즉 새로운 단어에 대한 고려가 전혀 없는 것이다. 이 문제의 해결방법은 아래 그림 참조

모든 단어의 출현횟수를 1씩 늘려줌으로써 최소횟수가 0이 아닌 1이 되게된다.

우측 하단은 add alpha가 적용된 공식이다.

training doc에서 한번도 출현하지 않은 단어는 unknown word로 위와 같이 처리한다.

6 5 Naive Bayes Relationship to Language Modeling https://youtu.be/LRFdF9J__Tc

6 6 Multinomial Naive Bayes A Worked Example https://youtu.be/OWGVQfuvNMk

P(c)는 전체 문서들중에 class c 문서가 나올 확률이다. 여기서 사용된 P(w | c)는 add one smoothing이 적용된 특정 class에서 특정 단어들이 나올 확률이다. 

위의 예제는 주어진 training data를 이용해 만든 모델로 test doc의 class를 예상하는 과정이다. 오른쪽 하단의 내용은 주어진 문서 d5가 어떤 클래스인지를 비교 추측하는 것이다. 각 c , j class일 확률을 비교 한다. 이때 d5는 공통으로 들어가는 부분이므로 생략했다.  

6 7 Precision, Recall, and the F measure https://youtu.be/81j2nzzBHUw

참조자료)

andrew ng https://youtu.be/wGw6R8AbcuI

https://youtu.be/W5meQnGACGo

위그림이 좀더 이해하기 쉽다.

accuracy 측정 방법

6 8 Text Classification Evaluation https://youtu.be/TdkWIxGoiak

6 9 Practical Issues in Text Classification https://youtu.be/uIvSHmsLs-U

text classification에 대한 전반적인 내용을 다루고 있다.

training data가 없는 경우 개발자가 직접 손수 rule을 만든다.

knn k nearest neighbors를 말한다.

보통 training data의 양이 많은 경우 classifier간의 성능차는 별로 없어지게 된다. 

자동, 수동 섞어서 처리한다. 

확률의 곱이 많이 이어지는 경우 그 숫자가 매우 작아지는 경우가 생기는데 이를 underflow라고 한다. 이를 방지 하기 위해 log값을 이용한다. log에서는 두 값이 곱이 합으로 계산되기 때문이다. 

upweighting : 단어의 위치나 사용방법에 따라 가중치를 두는 방법이다. 

[posbitivity]

Asexuals and aromantics are a wonderful part of the bi community! Your bisexuality/biromanticism is not less because of your other identity. You are a whole human being who deserves to be proud of yourself. Try to love each and every part of yourself for me please. If you can't yet, it's okay. I can be there for you every step of your journey to self acceptance.

Even if you don't know it yet, you are enough.

[posbitivity]

Stop oversexualizing bisexuality.

Bisexuality is not inherently sexual.

The fact that bisexual and other orientations end in "-sexual" does not mean they're all about sex or sexual attraction. The suffixes refer to the sex(es) one has the capacity to experience attraction toward, not that the terms are exclusive to sexuality. Bisexuality always includes romantic attraction regardless of gender unless otherwise specified. Biromantic bisexuals aren't the only bisexual people.

Aromantic bisexual people are bisexual.

Biromantic asexual people are bisexual.

People attracted to all genders are bisexual regardless of their sexual activity or desires. Romantic attraction is as important of a part of bisexuality as sexual attraction. Embrace bisexuality as a whole, not just the parts that are hot.

[posbitivity]

Lauren Aquilina // Sinners

If you were also raised to believe that you are a sinner for who you love, there is nothing wrong with you. You are meant to be happy and express your genuine love just like everyone else. Put your happiness above that of people who wish to see yours burn. You deserve to be happy.

[posbitivity]

To the autistic bisexuals reading this,

You are loved. You are worthy of respect. You are valued. You are deserving of all things good. Our community is glad to have you.

I hope you have a lovely day or evening.

[posbitivity]

❝As bisexuals, we experience pressure from both sides to make up our minds, to make a final choice. If we don't, we incur a collective contempt.

Bisexuals deal with homophobia, biphobia and even heterophobia. The desire to identify with a community often forces bisexuals to repress one side of themselves.

It is a key element in the overall strength and wisdom of the lesbian/gay community that it include and validate bisexual people, and the bisexual movement as an ally in fighting the common enemy, heterosexism.

It is clear that homophobia is at the root of biphobia. Bisexuals have no intention of undermining the gains made by lesbians and gay men in the struggle to be a free people. Coming out as a bisexual is not something that is done to acquire or flaunt heterosexual privilege.

I am bisexual because I am drawn to particular people regardless of gender. It doesn't make me wishy-washy, confused, untrustworthy, or more sexually liberated. It makes me a bisexual.❞

— Lani Ka'ahumani. "The Bisexual Community: Are We Visible Yet?" Out & Outraged: Non-Violent Civil Disobedience at the U.S. Supreme Court, 13 Oct. 1987, pp. 47–48.

[posbitivity]

This post is for bi people but anyone may interact. If you derail it, I'll hit you with a stick.

Psychopathia Sexualis by Richard Von Krafft-Ebing (translation by Charles Gilbert Chaddock)

Sexual Behavior in the Human Male by Alfred C. Kinsey

Sexual Behavior in the Human Female by Alfred C. Kinsey

I redesigned the bi flag ig? Part One and Part Two by @peopleflops

Was the bisexual community always accepting of transgender and nonbinary people? by @bisexualenben on Instagram.

"1990 Bisexual Manifesto" from Anything That Moves

internalized biphobia and how to cope with it by @bisexualenben on Instagram.