The Issue of Phosphorus in the KOE Watershed
What is the KOE Watershed?
A watershed is the area of land separating waters that flow into different basins. The KOE Watershed (for Kissimmee Okeechobee Everglades) is an important environmental landmark for Florida. It is one of our most diverse ecosystems and an important part of what makes Florida, well... Florida.
We’ve urbanized the watershed. We’ve interrupted the natural southward flow of the water by sending it east and west to fit our urban and agricultural needs. This channelization completely ruins the quality of water that actually makes its way down to the Everglades.
Not only this, but the pesticides and fertilizers used in agricultural and urban life mix with the runoff after storms and contaminate the water ways. This creates high levels of nitrogen and phosphorus in our water.
What externalities does this issue raise?
High levels of phosphorus and nitrogen cause algae blooms. These algae can release toxins into the water that are harmful to humans and can block out important sunlight for the underwater grasses. When these grasses die and decompose, they suck up oxygen in the surrounding water.
This creates “Dead Zones”, areas of water that have little to no oxygen in them, which cause a spike in the pH of the water. Not only that, it kills off large quantities of fish.
This deterioration of the KOE Watershed affects most, if not all, of South Florida. The Everglades is home to many important ecosystems and wildlife. We need to stop this problem.