The Trifecta of Perfect War Films Part II: A Bridge Too Far
From Belgium we travel across the border to Holland, and forward in history 129 years. September, 1944. Following the success of Operation Overlord in June and the near total destruction of Nazi Germany’s ability to defend France in the Battle of the Falaise Pocket in August, France is liberated far more quickly than expected. The speed of the Allied advance outstrips the ability to supply a continued broad front drive into Germany, and British, American and Free French forces are forced to halt.
But, Field Marshal Sir Bernard Law Montgomery proposes a daring battle plan that could end the war by Christmas utilizing the limited supplies available. Capture a series of bridges in Holland using three divisions of paratroopers, starting with the American 101st Airborne around Eindhoven,82nd Airborne in the middle around Grave and Nijmegen, and British 1st Airborne at Arnhem, securing a crossing over the Rhine and opening the way into Germany. XXX Corps, consisting of one armored and two infantry divisions would reach and secure each of the airborne divisions’ territories and secure the corridor the paratroopers had captured.
The operation ended in disaster, costing the Allies 17,000 casualties in only 9 days, and failing to secure Arnhem. In 1974, Cornelius Ryan told the story in the book “A Bridge Too Far”, and in 1977 film maker Richard Attenborough adapted the book into the motion picture. The film in my opinion is one of the finest war films ever made. It expertly tells of the promise and eventually tragedy of Market Garden, with brilliant acting, production design, and writing.
This is a very sad movie. If movies tend to make you cry, this one probably will.
To begin with, it has an amazing cast of damn near everybody. Sean Connery, Robert Redford, Sir Laurence Olivier, Gene Hackman, Michael Caine, Anthony Hopkins, Elliot Gould and James Caan all in one movie. And yes, they all bring their A game. This is a fantastically well acted movie.
In terms of the skill present in the production design, I’ll show you the take off sequence as the great areal armada of transports and gliders sets off to deposit over 35,000 paratroopers across Holland. They had a grand total of 11 C-47s for this scene, but with matte paintings and painting others in to frame, they easily make it look like hundreds. This is old Hollywood production design at its best right here.
The following air drop sequence is equally awe inspiring.
Over one thousand parachutists were dropped to film this drop, and boy does it pay off.
You also get a good dose of the score to the film during the takeoff, and it’s here that I note that the composer, John Addison, actually served in XXX Corps during the battle, and his composition was made as a tribute to his fallen comrades. The score is beautiful.
Finally, the plot. The film’s massive cast is spread throughout the battle, with characters in the American 101st and 82nd Airborne divisions, the Polish Paratrooper brigade, the British First Airborne division, XXX Corps, and British intelligence. Everybody from the rank of corporal up to Lieutenant General is represented, giving both a soldier’s and a tacticians view of the battlefield.
This is made more interesting because the nature of airborne warfare entails that the commander of even division level units could easily find themselves getting the same lead flying at them as the average foot soldier, given that the front line is frequently more of a vague suggestion.
Also in frame are the poor Dutch civilians caught in the middle of it. We have the unnamed Resistance member and his son, who feel at the beginning of the film, a sense of elation to see a seemingly broken Wehrmacht retreating from France back to Germany. Their elation turns to worry as they find that Field Marshal Model has arrived to take command of the German units in the low countries.Their worry transforms to heart brake as their hometown of Arnhem is reduced to ruin by the struggles of the Germans and their would-be liberators. The son is shot out of frame, while he and his father are sifting through rubble. The father rushes to find his son’s broken body, and cradles his son, as the camera pans upward to see a German armored car firing its machine guns, presumably gunning down the father as well. The end to their plot line underlines the fact that Operation Market Garden, and more broadly the war itself, a struggle to liberate the peoples of Europe and Asia from the clutches of genocidal dictators, is what kills them. The actions of their would be liberators directly, and predictably result in their deaths.
Kate Ter Horst survives the battle on the other hand. She offers her house on the outskirts of Arnhem to act as an aid station for the surrounded British 1st Airborne division. The first we see of the interior of her house comes as walking wounded are led across her sitting room where her children are playing with a toy train. A wounded soldier stumbles, bleeds on the floor, and knocks their toy train off its track. Their lives are now disrupted by bloodshed. The children have the metaphor for their childhood, small, circular, protected yet delicate, tossed aside by the arrival of battle. As the battle continues, the wounded paratroopers sent to her makeshift aid station go from walking wounded, to critically wounded and dying. The front closes in on her and German artillery begins to fall around the house. She and her family are spared, and the film ends with her leaving her now smashed abode, carrying what her family owns on a kart.
The film ends quietly, with a whimper. I can find few faults in this film, and I would recommend it to any movie lover. It is a very long film, being around 3 hours long, so if you are chronically short on time like I so often am, try watching it in installments.