April 21 marks the traditional founding date of Rome in 753 BC, a day celebrated today as Natale di Roma. According to its founding myth, depicted in the Capitoline Wolf sculpture, the twin brothers Romulus and Remus—sons of the god Mars—were abandoned as infants to prevent them from claiming their rightful throne. They were rescued and suckled by a she-wolf until they were found by a shepherd. Upon reaching adulthood, the brothers returned to the site of their rescue to build a city. After a fatal dispute over its location and leadership, Romulus killed Remus, becoming the first king and namesake of Rome.
The legacy of this "Eternal City" is the bedrock of Western civilization. Rome’s impact is visible in the Latin language, which birthed the Romance languages and heavily influenced English, and in the Roman legal system, which established concepts like "innocent until proven guilty." Their architectural and engineering feats—such as aqueducts, concrete, and the arch—allowed for the first true mega-cities. Furthermore, the Roman model of a republic with a system of checks and balances served as the primary blueprint for modern Western democracies, including that of the United States.